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An SPH Framework for Earthquake-Induced Liquefaction Hazard Assessment of geotechnical Structures

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 251-277页

作者： Sourabh Mhaski g.V.Ramana Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew Delhi110016India

Earthquake-induced soil liquefaction poses significant risks to the stability of geotechnical structures *** understanding of the liquefaction triggering,and the post-failure large deformation behaviour is essential for designing resilient *** present study develops a Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics(SPH)framework for earthquake-induced liquefaction hazard assessment of geotechnical *** coupled flowdeformation behaviour of soils subjected to cyclic loading is described using the PM4Sand model implemented in a three-phase,single-layer SPH framework.A staggered discretisation scheme based on the stress particle SPH approach is adopted to minimise numerical inaccuracies caused by zero-energy modes and tensile ***,non-reflecting boundary conditions for seismic analysis of semi-infinite soil domains using the SPH method are *** numerical framework is employed for the analysis of cyclic direct simple shear test,seismic analysis of a level ground site,and liquefaction-induced failure of the Lower San Fernando *** agreement for liquefaction triggering and post-failure behaviour demonstrates that the SPH framework can be utilised to assess the effect of seismic loading on field-scale geotechnical *** present study also serves as the basis for future advancements of the SPH method for applications related to earthquake geotechnical engineering.

关键词： Earthquake seismic liquefaction stress particle PM4Sand smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH)

Stepping up after spinal cord injury:negotiating an obstacle during walking

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1919-1929页

作者： Alain Frigon Charly g.Lecomte Department of Pharmacology-Physiology Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversitéde SherbrookeCentre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de SherbrookeSherbrookeQCCanada

Every day walking consists of frequent voluntary modifications in the gait pattern to negotiate *** spinal cord injury,stepping over an obstacle becomes *** over an obstacle requires sensorimotor transformations in several structures of the brain,including the parietal cortex,premotor cortex,and motor *** information and planning are transformed into motor commands,which are sent from the motor cortex to spinal neuronal circuits to alter limb trajectory,coordinate the limbs,and maintain *** spinal cord injury,bidirectional communication between the brain and spinal cord is disrupted and animals,including humans,fail to voluntarily modify limb trajectory to step over an ***,in this review,we discuss the neuromechanical control of stepping over an obstacle,why it fails after spinal cord injury,and how it recovers to a certain extent.

关键词： biomechanics locomotion neurophysiology obstacle negotiation spinal cord injury

Bioelectronic medicine in modulation of cortical spreading depolarization and beyond

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 481-482页

作者： Khaled Alok Timothy g.White Chunyan Li Department of Neurosurgery Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/NorthwellHempsteadNYUSA Translational Brain Research Laboratory The Feinstein Institutes for Medical ResearchManhassetNYUSA

Bioelectronic interventions,specifically trigeminal nerve st imulat ion(TNS),have attracted considerable attention in conditions where cortical spreading depolarizations(CSDs)accompanied by compromised cerebral perfusion may exacerbate neurological *** pharmacological interventions have demonstrated initial potential in addressing CSDs,a standardized treatment approach has not yet been *** objective of this perspective is to explore emerging bioelectronic methodologies for addressing CSDs,particularly emphasizing TNS,and to underscore TNS’s capacity to enhance neurovascular coupling and cerebral perfusion.

关键词： cerebral perfusion electronic

Impact of Zika virus non-structural protein mutations on hippocampal damage

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2307-2308页

作者： Larissa M.g.Cassiano Roney S.Coimbra Neurogenômica/Imunopatologia Instituto RenéRachouFiocruzBelo HorizonteBrazil Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia Instituto de Ciências BiológicasUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil

The Zika virus(ZIKV),a member of the Flaviviridae family,attracted worldwide attention for its connection to severe neurological effects,notably microcephaly in newborns,first reported during the 2015 epidemic in ***,its impact goes beyond fetal and neonatal abnormalities,also affecting the central nervous system(CNS)in both children and adults,leading to enduring cognitive and behavioral impairments.

关键词： damage fetal neonatal

Present status and future directions:Apexification

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World Journal of Methodology 2025年第1期15卷 26-32页

作者： Sachin Chauhan Radha Chauhan Prashant Bhasin Bhavna g Sharaf Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Sudha Rustagi College of Dental Sciences and ResearchFaridabad 121002HaryanaIndia Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge and Oral Implantology Mahatma Gandhi Dental College&HospitalJaipur 302022RajasthanIndia Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry Sudha Rustagi College of Dental Sciences and ResearchFaridabad 121002HaryanaIndia

The success rate of apexification is primarily determined by multiple factors,including the material used,the size of the open apex compared to the length of the root,and the technique used in each *** main objective of this review was to provide an update on the present management of open apex to identify factors and circumstances that may influence the success of apexification using different materials and *** research on apexification should focus on how to treat open apices with wide periapical lesions without ***,the predictability of these parameters with non-surgical procedures was uncertain,but now,with the use of a dental operating microscope,it has become more *** reason could be that extra visits are no longer required due to major advances in the armamentarium and materials used for apexification.

关键词： Bioceramics Magnification Biodentine Mineral trioxide aggregate Apexification Open apex

Advancement in utilization of magnetic resonance imaging and biomarkers in the understanding of schizophrenia

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第1期13卷 11-15页

作者： Aidan K Tirpack Danyaal g Buttar Mandeep Kaur Department of Psychiatry Campbell University School of Osteopathic MedicineBuies CreekNC 27506United States Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health Mercyhealth Hospital and Trauma CenterJanesvilleWI 53548United States

Historically,psychiatric diagnoses have been made based on patient’s reported symptoms applying the criteria from diagnostic and statistical manual of mental *** utilization of neuroimaging or biomarkers to make the diagnosis and manage psychiatric disorders remains a distant *** have been several studies that examine brain imaging in psychiatric disorders,but more work is needed to elucidate the complexities of the human *** this editorial,we examine two articles by Xu et al and Stoyanov et al,that show developments in the direction of using neuroimaging to examine the brains of people with schizo-phrenia and *** et al used magnetic resonance imaging to examine the brain structure of patients with schizophrenia,in addition to examining neurotransmitter levels as *** et al used functional magnetic resonance imaging to look at modulation of different neural circuits by diagnostic-specific scales in patients with schizophrenia and *** two studies provide crucial evidence in advancing our understanding of the brain in prevalent psychiatric disorders.

关键词： Schizophrenia Magnetic resonance imaging Biomarkers Neurotransmitters Psychiatric disorders

nvestigating the role of exiting vehicles and turn indicator usage in gap acceptance at single-lane roundabouts

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2017年第1期11卷 8-16页

作者： Nathan P. belz Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Alaska - Fairbanks Fairbanks AK 99775-5960 USA

Roundabouts are becoming a preferred form of intersection control type due to their safety and capacity benefits. Yield control at roundabout entries inherently reduces fuel consumption and emissions when compared to other conventional intersection types. However, these benefits can be limited by poor driver behavior and judgment when entering the roundabout. This research addresses the nature of gap distributions and use of turn indicators by exiting vehicles at three single-lane roundabouts in Vermont, New York, and Alaska. Presented here is a comparison of vehicle headways measured at two different locations in each roundabout. Rejected headways are analyzed in the context of priority abstaining events when entering drivers yield to vehicles exiting on the same leg of the roundabout suggesting that ＂true＂ critical gaps are being overestimated. Results indicate that exiting vehicles, particularly those that do not use their turn indicators when departing from the major-stream of traffic have an influence on the entry decision of drivers on the same approach. This behavior is of particular concern for intersection efficiency （i.e., delay） and sustainability （i.e., excess fuel consumption and emissions）. Results prompt the consideration of more consistent guidance on and enforcement of turn indicator use during roundabout negotiations.

关键词： roundabouts exiting vehicles turn indicator use headways

Does the root to shoot ratio show a hormetic response to stress? An ecological and environmental perspective

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第5期30卷 1569-1580页

作者： Evgenios Agathokleous Regina g.belz Mitsutoshi Kitao Takayoshi Koike Edward J.Calabrese Hokkaido Research Center Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute(FFPRI)Forest Research and Management Organization7 HitsujigaokaSapporoHokkaido 062-8516Japan Research Faculty of Agriculture Hokkaido UniversityKita 9 Nishi 9SapporoHokkaido 060-8589Japan Agroecology Unit Hans-Ruthenberg InstituteUniversity of HohenheimGarbenstra遝 1370599 StuttgartGermany Department of Environmental Health Sciences Morrill IN344University of MassachusettsAmherstMA 01003USA

Root/shoot(R/S)ratio is an important index for assessing plant health,and has received increased attention in the last decades as a sensitive indicator of plant stress induced by chemical or physical *** R/S ratio has been discussed in the context of ecological theory and its potential importance in ecological succession,where species follow different strategies for above-ground growth for light or below-ground competition for water and *** present evidence showing the R/S ratio follows a biphasic dose–response relationship under stress,typical of *** R/S ratio in response to stress has been widely compared among species and ecological succession *** is constrained by a variety of factors such as ***,the current literature lacks dose-response studies incorporating the full dose–response continuum,hence limiting scientific understanding and possible valuable *** data presented provide an important perspective for new-generation studies that can advance current ecological understanding and improve carbon storage estimates by R/S ratio *** response of the R/S ratio can have an important role in forestry for producing seedlings with desired characteristics to achieve maximum health/productivity and resilience under plantation conditions.

关键词： Biological plasticity Biphasic response Hormesis Plant stress Root/shoot ratio

green ionic metal-organic frameworks as nanocatalysts for CO_(2)fixation

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Nano Research 2025年第1期18卷 260-269页

作者： Nuria Martín Miguel Maireles-Porcar Julián Sánchez Velandia Belén Altava Francisco g.Cirujano Eduardo garcía-Verdugo Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica Universidad Jaume IAv.Sos Baynats/nCastellóde la PlanaCastellón 12071Spain

Co,Ni,and Zn iso-reticular coordination polymers of 2,5-dihydroxyterphthalic acid(H_(2)dot)can be rapidly obtained under room temperature and aqueous conditions using either sodium or ammonium hydroxide as the bases to deprotonate the *** use of metal bromides and tetrabutylammonium hydroxide(TBAOH)as the base allows the green synthesis of ionic metal-organic frameworks(MOFs),characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared(FTIR),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),thermo gravimetric analysis(TgA),H-nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR),elemental analysis,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),and employed in the pressure,solvent,and additive-free CO_(2)fixation to epoxides by its cycloaddition to epichlorohydrin,exhibiting a cooperative behavior between the MOF and the ionic liquid formed within the framework,achieving TONs of the confined tetrabutylammonium bromide(TBABr)up to 700.

关键词： metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) ionic liquids heterogeneous catalysis CO_(2)conversion