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A Comprehensive Review of Exosomes with Therapeutic Potential in Cancer and Coeliac Disease

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第3期12卷 25-34页

作者： fathima Assainar Joshua george Thomas Zoya Saleem Shafa Thekkekara fathima Mammoo Navadir Nidal Kallan RAK College of Medical Sciences RAK Medical and Health Sciences University Ras Al Khaimah UAE Department of Biotechnology American University of Ras Al Khaimah Ras Al Khaimah UAE School of International Education Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China

The aim of this review was to evaluate the therapeutic potential of exosomes, extracellular vesicles secreted by cells. They have emerged as potential therapeutic transporters for several diseases. This review provides an overview of exosomes’ therapeutic potential in cancer therapy and autoimmune conditions such as Coeliac Disease. The therapeutic effect is that the phospholipid-binding protein ANXA1 improves its anti-inflammatory properties. The review also analyzes the intricate processes of exosome production and composition ability to transport biomolecules such as proteins, microRNAs, and lipids, which promote intercellular communication and alter recipient cell behavior. Exosomes, linked to neurological disorders, cardiovascular disease, and cancer, present the means of targeted drug administration due to their innate specificity. Through genetic engineering and chemical modifications, exosomes can be tailored for specific purposes, demonstrating their versatility in targeted therapy. With ongoing research uncovering their therapeutic potential, exosomes present a promising frontier in novel medical treatments across various health conditions.

关键词： Exosomes Cancer Coeliac Disease Therapeutic Potential Cell Communication Anti-inflammation

Design and Implementation of Hand gesture Detection System Using HM Model for Sign Language Recognition Development

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Journal of Data Analysis and Information Processing 2024年第2期12卷 139-150页

作者： Sharmin Akter Milu Azmath fathima Tanmay Talukder Inzamamul Islam Md. Ismail Siddiqi Emon Department of Computer Science & Telecommunication Engineering (CSTE) Noakhali Science & Technology University Noakhali Bangladesh School of Computer Mathematical & Natural Sciences (SCMNS) Morgan State University Baltimore MD USA Department of Physics Morgan State University Baltimore MD USA Department of ECE Morgan State University Baltimore MD USA Department of Computer Science Morgan State University Baltimore MD USA

gesture detection is the primary and most significant step for sign language detection and sign language is the communication medium for people with speaking and hearing disabilities. This paper presents a novel method for dynamic hand gesture detection using Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) where we detect different English alphabet letters by tracing hand movements. The process involves skin color-based segmentation for hand isolation in video frames, followed by morphological operations to enhance image trajectories. Our system employs hand tracking and trajectory smoothing techniques, such as the Kalman filter, to monitor hand movements and refine gesture paths. Quantized sequences are then analyzed using the Baum-Welch Re-estimation Algorithm, an HMM-based approach. A maximum likelihood classifier is used to identify the most probable letter from the test sequences. Our method demonstrates significant improvements over traditional recognition techniques in real-time, automatic hand gesture recognition, particularly in its ability to distinguish complex gestures. The experimental results confirm the effectiveness of our approach in enhancing gesture-based sign language detection to alleviate the barrier between the deaf and hard-of-hearing community and general people.

关键词： Hand gesture Recognition System

Retinoic acid signaling in fatty liver disease

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Liver Research 2023年第3期7卷 189-195页

作者： fathima N.Cassim Bawa Yanqiao Zhang Department of Integrative Medical Sciences Northeast Ohio Medical UniversityRootstownOHUSA

Retinoic acid(RA)is a metabolite of vitamin A and is essential for development and growth as well as cellular *** genomic and nongenomic actions,RA regulates a variety of physiological *** of RA signaling is associated with many *** RA signaling has been proven valuable to human ***-trans-RA(AtRA)and anthracycline-based chemotherapy are the standard treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia(APL).Both human and animal studies have shown a significant relationship between RA signaling and the development and progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).In this review article,we will first summarize vitamin A metabolism and then focus on the role of RA signaling in *** inhibits the development and progression of NAFLD by regulating lipid metabolism,inflammation,thermogenesis,etc.

关键词： Retinoic acid(RA) All-trans-RA(AtRA) Fatty liver disease Fatty acid oxidation Lipogenesis Obesity

Evidence-based approach to management of hepatic encephalopathy in adults

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第4期14卷 670-681页

作者： gilles Jadd Hoilat fathima Keshia Suhail Talal Adhami Savio John Department of Medicine SUNY Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNY 13210United States Department of gastroenterology Cleveland Clinic FoundationClevelandOH 44195United States Department of gastroenterology SUNY Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNY 13210United States

Hepatic encephalopathy(HE)is a reversible syndrome of impaired brain function and represents one of the many complications of portal hypertension and decompensated liver *** ammonia is clearly implicated in the pathogenesis of HE,the pathogenesis of HE is multifactorial with numerous mechanisms that results in functional impairment of neuronal *** initial management of HE focuses on supportive care and stabilization which includes providing appropriate nutritional ***,focus should be on identifying and treating the precipitating *** are many therapeutic agents available for the management of HE,most of which are directed towards lowering the gut nitrogen load and thus the serum ammonia *** review aims to provide an update on the conventional and emerging treatment options for HE.

关键词： Hepatic encephalopathy Lactulose Rifaximin Fecal microbiota transplant Zinc L-ornithine L-aspartate

Association ofβ-lactam antimicrobial's exposure with carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection:a cumulative meta-analysis

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global Health Journal 2023年第3期7卷 137-146页

作者： Prity Rani Deshwal Muskan Aggarwal Nalla Surender Reddy Raisa fathima Pramil Tiwari Department of Pharmacy Practice National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and ResearchS.A.S.NagarMohaliPunjab 160062India

Background:Carbapenems are effective against severe Pseudomonas aeruginosa nosocomial ***,carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a serious public health *** understanding of the risk of inappropriate exposure to different antimicrobials in resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection could help in elucidating the effective approach towards using antimicrobials in vulnerable patients with CRPA ***:To investigate the association between exposure ofβ-lactam antimicrobials and CRPA infection relative to control ***:The MEDLINE/PubMed and OVID/Embase databases were used to search case-control and cohort studies in English language which reported antimicrobial exposure as risk factors for CRPA *** pooled odds ratios(OR)were calculated using a random-effect and fixed-effect model,and forest plots from a cumulative meta-analysis method were used to better show how pooled OR changed as updated evidence ***:A total of 24 studies comprising 7039 participants were included for cumulative meta-analysis.A positive correlation was found between development of CRPA infection and exposure of beta-lactam antimicrobials:carbapenems(OR=7.60,95%CI:3.95 to 14.62,Pgents like quinolone(OR=2.35,95%CI:1.78 to 3.10),ciprofloxacin(OR=2.35,95%CI:1.66 to 3.95),aminoglycoside(OR=2.17,95%CI:1.60 to 2.95),amikacin(OR=3.11,95%CI:2.10 to 4.61),glycopeptides(OR=3.02,95%CI:1.92 to 4.75)and vancomycin(OR=3.26,95%CI:1.48 to 7.18),were also found to be positively associated with development of CRPA ***:Exposure of all kinds ofβ-lactams is significantly associated with development of carbapenemresistant Pseudomo

关键词： Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Cumulative meta-analysis β-lactams

Antiproliferative effect of silver nanoparticles synthesized using amla on Hep2 cell line

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2013年第1期6卷 1-10页

作者： fathima Stanley Rosarin Vadivel Arulmozhi Samuthira Nagarajan Sankaran Mirunalini Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology Annamalai UniversityAnnamalai nagar-608 002TamilnaduIndia Department of Chemistry Annamalai UniversityAnnamalai nagar-608 002.TamilnaduIndia

Objective:To synthesize silver nanoparticles by amla extract,screen the cytotoxic,oxidative stress and apoptotic effect of silver nanoparticles（AgNPs） on Hep2 cell line（laryngeal carcinoma cells） in vitro,and to compare the effect of Phyllanthm emblica（***）（amla） with AgNPs synthesized by amla and ***:AgNPs was synthesized by ***（aqueous extract） and nanoparticles were characterized UV-Vis spec,the presence of biomoloecules of amla capped in AgNPs was found by FT-IR analysis,shape and size were examined by SEM and *** of experimental drugs was tested to find IC50 *** generation in cells have been measured by DCFH-DA ***-EtBr,Rhodamine-123 staining and DNA fragmentation were performed to assess apoptotic cell death,mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptotic DNA damage,*** stress was analyzed by measuring lipid peroxides and antioxidants level lo understand the cancer cell death by pro-oxidant mechanism. Results:PE-AgNPs was synthesized and confirmed through kinetic behavior of *** shape of PE-AgNPs was spherical and cubic since it was agglomerated,and the nanoparticle surface was *** particle size distribution of PE-AgNPs was found to be 188 *** biomolecules of *** such as polyphenols were capped with AgNPs and reduced its toxicity. In cytotoxicity assay the concentration in which the maximum number of cell death was 60μg/mL and 50μg/mL for ***（alone） and AgNPs,respectively and IC50 values were fixed as 30μg/mL and 20μg/*** generation,apoptotic morphological changes,mitochondrial *** damage and oxidative stress was observed as more in AgNPs treated cells than in ***（30μg/mL）（alone） treated cells and 5-FU treated cells gave similar result. Conclusions:The results suggest that the AgNPs are capped with biomolecules of amla enhanced cytotoxicity in laryngeal cancer cells through oxidative stress and apoptotic function

关键词： Amla AgNPs Oxidative stress Cytotoxicity Antiproliferation

Epstein-Barr virus and the origin of Hodgkin lymphoma

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2014年第12期33卷 591-597页

作者： Martina Vockerodt fathima Zumla Cader Claire Shannon-Lowe Paul Murray School of Cancer Sciences University of Birmingham

Although Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)is present in the malignant Hodgkin/Reed-Sternberg(HRS)cells of a proportion of cases of classical Hodgkin lymphoma(c HL),how the virus contributes to the pathogenesis of this disease remains poorly *** is clear from the studies of other EBV-associated cancers that the virus is usually not sufficient for tumor development and that other oncogenic co-factors are *** article reviews what is known about the contribution of EBV to the pathogenesis of c HL and focuses on emerging evidence implicating chronic inflammation as a potential oncogenic co-factor in this malignancy.

关键词： Epstein-Barr病毒淋巴瘤起源金恶性肿瘤发病机制辅助因子 EBV

Faunal richness and checklist of sandflies (Diptera: Pyschodidae) in India

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2023年第5期16卷 193-203页

作者： Harish Kumar Shah fathima P A N Pradeep Kumar Ashwani Kumar Prasanta Saini ICMR-Vector Control Research Centre(Field Station) KottayamKeralaIndia

This review aims to fill the voids and to update the checklist of sandfly fauna along with its spatial distribution in *** databases *** online or offline were searched to deduce the information to systematize the Indian sandfly ***/data retrieved were screened and analysed to further update the available latest *** species name and authorship were given in accord with the International Code for Zoological *** compiled an updated checklist of reported Indian sandfly species along with their state-wise distribution till 2022 as per published *** has maximum number of species reports when compared to other endemic states and states with pockets of *** argentipes is the most widely distributed,recorded so far,followed by other Sergentomiya and Phlebotomus species in *** this review,we have also described the vector and non-vector species of sandfly prevalent in different parts of the *** eoindianensis,an amber fossil sandfly species recorded from gujarat might be older than other records of Indian sandfly *** far 69 species(4 genera and 15 subgenera/groups)of Phlebotomine sandflies have been recorded in *** knowledge of species diversity and its distribution is a prerequisite for planning a systematic vector control strategy and disease management.

关键词： Indian sandfly fauna Checklist Phlebotomine sandflies

Fabrication of Noble metal-semiconductor hybrid nanostructures using phase transfer

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Nano Research 2013年第2期6卷 121-130页

作者： Tanushree Bala Ajay Singh Ambarish Sanyal Catriona O'Sullivan fathima Laffir Claudia Coughlan Kevin M. Ryan Materials and Surface Science Institute and Department of Chemical and Environmental Sciences University of Limerick Limerick Ireland SFI-Strategic Research Cluster in Solar Energy Research University of Limerick Ireland

An easy and effective solution based procedure for the synthesis of noble metal (both Au and Ag) tipped semiconductor nanomaterials is demonstrated where the metal precursors are taken in water and the semiconductors in organic medium, exploiting the phase transfer and reducing capability of suitably chosen ligands. The phase tranfer route is a generalised approach to form either Ag or Au tips on cadmium chalcogenide nanoparticles and nanorods. While multiple dots of noble metals are formed on the semiconductor nanomaterials initially, these coalesce into larger islands with time. The hybrids are characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), photoluminescence (PL), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). A detailed FTIR analysis was also carried out to delineate the role of the ligands in the synthesis.

关键词：半导体纳米材料贵金属相转移纳米结构 X射线光电子能谱制备混合 FTIR分析