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Mechanisms of cancer metastasis to the bone

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Cell Research 2005年第1期15卷 57-62页

作者： Claire b. pollock,Kathleen KELLY Cell and Cancer biology branch NCI NIH bethesda MD 20892 USA Cell and Cancer biology branch NCI NIH bethesda MD 20892 USA

Some of the most common human cancers, including breast cancer, prostate cancer, and lung cancer, metastasize with avidity to bone. What is the basis for their preferential growth within the bone microenvironment? bidirectional interactions between tumor cells and cells that make up bone result in a selective advantage for tumor growth and can lead to bone destruction or new bone matrix deposition. This review discusses our current understanding of the molecu- lar components and mechanisms that are responsible for those interactions.

关键词： cancer bone metastases osteolytic metastasis osteoblastic metastasis.

Damage mechanism identification in composites via machine learning and acoustic emission

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 852-866页

作者： C.Muir b.Swaminathan A.S.Almansour K.Sevener C.Smith M.Presby J.D.Kiser T.M.pollock S.Daly Materials Department University of California-Santa BarbaraSanta BarbaraCAUSA NASA glenn Research Center ClevelandOHUSA Materials Scienceand Engineering Department University of Michigan-Ann ArborAnn ArborMIUSA Mechanical Engineering Department University of California-Santa BarbaraSanta BarbaraCAUSA

Damage mechanism identification has scientific and practical ramifications for the structural health monitoring,design,and application of composite *** advances in machine learning uncover pathways to identify the waveform-damage mechanism relationship in higher-dimensional spaces for a comprehensive understanding of damage *** review evaluates the state of the field,beginning with a physics-based understanding of acoustic emission waveform feature extraction,followed by a detailed overview of waveform clustering,labeling,and error analysis *** requirements for damage mechanism identification in any machine learning framework,including those currently in use,under development,and yet to be explored,are discussed.

关键词： composites composite mechanism

A machine learning framework for damage mechanism identification from acoustic emissions in unidirectional SiC/SiC composites

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 1326-1335页

作者： C.Muir b.Swaminathan K.Fields A.S.Almansour K.Sevener C.Smith M.Presby J.D.Kiser T.M.pollock S.Daly Materials University of California-Santa BarbaraSanta BarbaraCAUSA Mechanical Engineering University of California-Santa BarbaraSanta BarbaraCAUSA NASA glenn Research Center ClevelandOHUSA Materials Science and Engineering University of Michigan-Ann ArborAnn ArborMIUSA

In this work,we demonstrate that damage mechanism identification from acoustic emission(AE)signals generated in minicomposites with elastically similar constituents is *** waveforms were generated by SiC/SiC ceramic matrix minicomposites(CMCs)loaded under uniaxial tension and recorded by four sensors(two models with each model placed at two ends).Signals were encoded with a modified partial power scheme and subsequently partitioned through spectral *** cracking and fiber failure were identified based on the frequency information contained in the AE event they produced,despite the similar constituent elastic properties of the matrix and ***,the resultant identification of AE events closely followed CMC damage chronology,wherein early matrix cracking is later followed by fiber breaks,even though the approach is fully domain-knowledge ***,the partitions were highly precise across both the model and location of the sensors,and the partitioning was *** presented approach is promising for CMCs and other composite systems with elastically similar constituents.

关键词： composites damage mechanism

Efficacy of Ciji Hua'ai baosheng formula on the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor,kinase insert domain-containing receptor and basic fibroblast growth factor in mouse models of H22 hepatocellular carcinoma

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2017年第1期37卷 88-95页

作者： Zhao Xinyue Xi Shengyan Wang Yanhui Xu Yangxinzi pollock galia Su Yu Cheng Yao Loy guanjie Liu Pei Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Medical College of Xiamen University Cancer Research Center of Xiamen University Xiamen 361102China Department of Internal Medicine John Buhler Research CentreUniversity of ManitobaWinnipeg FI3E 3P4Canada

ObJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of Ciji Hua'ai baosheng formula(CHbF) on microvessel density(MVD) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEgF), kinase insert domain-containing receptor(KDR) and basic fibroblast growth factor(b FgF) expression in serum and tumor tissue of mice receiving chemotherapy for the treatment of H22 hepatocellular ***: Sixty Kunming mice were injected subcutaneously with H22 hepatoma carcinoma cell suspensions into the right anterior armpit. Seven days later, all transplanted tumor were formed and the mice were intraperitoneally injected 200 mg/kg cytoxan(CTX) to establish the models of tumor-bearing mouse chemotherapy, then they were randomly divided into model group, continuing CTX chemotherapy group(CTX group), and three CHbF(117, 58.5 and 29.25 g/kg) groups. After ten days of treatments, histology was observed, contents of VEgF, KDR and b FgF in serum and tumor tissue were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA), VEgF and b FgF protein expression and MVD tagged by CD34 were detected by ***: MVD in CHbF(117, 58.5 g/kg) and CTX groups was significantly lower than that in model group(P gF, KDR and b FgF in serum and tumor tissue in CHbF(117 g/kg)group were less than those in model group(P gF and b FgF in tumor tissue of CHbF(117 g/kg) groupwere also less than those in CTX group(P bF can effectively reduce the expression of VEgF, KDR and b FgF in serum and tumor tissue, and decrease MVD and delay tumor progression.

关键词： Drug therapy Angiogenesis inhibitors Vascular endothelial growth factors Receptors vascular endothelial growth factor basic fibroblast growth factor 2 Ciji Hua’ai baosheng formula

Adaptable physics-based super-resolution for electron backscatter diffraction maps

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 2444-2452页

作者： Devendra K.Jangid Neal R.brodnik Michael g.goebel Amil Khan SaiSidharth Majeti McLean P.Echlin Samantha H.Daly Tresa M.pollock b.S.Manjunath Electrical and Computer Engineering University California Santa BarbaraSanta Barbara93106-5050CAUSA Mechanical Engineering University California Santa BarbaraSanta Barbara93106-5050CAUSA Computer Science University California Santa BarbaraSanta Barbara93106-5050CAUSA Materials Department University California Santa BarbaraSanta Barbara93106-5050CAUSA

In computer vision,single-image super-resolution(SISR)has been extensively explored using convolutional neural networks(CNNs)on optical images,but images outside this domain,such as those from scientific experiments,are not well *** data is often gathered using non-optical methods,which alters the metrics for image *** such example is electron backscatter diffraction(EbSD),a materials characterization technique that maps crystal arrangement in solid materials,which provides insight into processing,structure,and property *** present a broadly adaptable approach for applying state-of-art SISR networks to generate super-resolved EbSD orientation *** approach includes quaternion-based orientation recognition,loss functions that consider rotational effects and crystallographic symmetry,and an inference pipeline to convert network output into established visualization formats for EbSD *** ability to generate physically accurate,high-resolution EbSD maps with super-resolution enables high-throughput characterization and broadens the capture capabilities for three-dimensional experimental EbSD datasets.

关键词： maps resolution networks

Proton deflectometry of a capacitor coil target along two axes

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2020年第2期8卷 10-18页

作者： P.bradford M.P.Read M.Ehret L.Antonelli M.Khan N.booth K.glize D.Carroll R.J.Clarke R.Heathcote S.Ryazantsev S.Pikuz C.Spindloe J.D.Moody b.b.pollock V.T.Tikhonchuk C.P.Ridgers J.J.Santos N.C.Woolsey York Plasma Institute Department of PhysicsUniversity of YorkHeslingtonYork YO105DDUK Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications University of Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA33405 TalenceFrance Institut fur Kernphysik Tech.Univ.Darmstadt64289 DarmstadtGermany Central Laser Facility Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryChiltonDidcotSTFCUKRIOxfordshireUK Joint Institute for High Temperatures RASMoscow 125412Russia National Research Nuclear University MEPhI Moscow 115409Russia Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCalifornia 94551USA ELI beamlines Institute of PhysicsCzech Academy of SciencesZa Radnicic 83525241 DolníBrezanyCzech Republic

A developing application of laser-driven currents is the generation of magnetic fields of picosecond-nanosecond duration with magnitudes exceeding b=10 ***-loop and helical coil targets can direct laser-driven discharge currents along wires to generate spatially uniform,quasi-static magnetic fields on the millimetre ***,we present proton deflectometry across two axes of a single-loop coil ranging from 1 to 2 mm in *** with proton tracking simulations shows that measured magnetic fields are the result of kiloampere currents in the coil and electric charges distributed around the coil *** this dual-axis platform for proton deflectometry,robust measurements can be made of the evolution of magnetic fields in a capacitor coil target.

关键词： strong magnetic field laser-driven coil targets laser-plasma interaction proton deflectometry laboratory astrophysics

Performance and calibration of quark/gluon-jet taggers using 140 fb^(-1) of pp collisions at √s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第2期48卷 1-25页

作者： g. Aad b. Abbott K. Abeling N.J. Abicht S.H. Abidi A. Aboulhorma H. Abramowicz H. Abreu Y. Abulaiti b.S. Acharya C. Adam bourdarios L. Adamczyk S.V. Addepalli M.J. Addison J. Adelman A. Adiguzel T. Adye A.A. Affolder Y. Afik M.N. Agaras J. Agarwala A. Aggarwal C. Agheorghiesei A. Ahmad F. Ahmadov W.S. Ahmed S. Ahuja X. Ai g. Aielli A. Aikot M. Ait Tamlihat b. Aitbenchikh I. Aizenberg M. Akbiyik T.P.A. Åkesson A.V. Akimov D. Akiyama N.N. Akolkar K. Al Khoury g.L. Alberghi J. Albert P. Albicocco g.L. Albouy S. Alderweireldt M. Aleksa I.N. Aleksandrov C. Alexa T. Alexopoulos F. Alfonsi M. Algren M. Alhroob b. Ali H.M.J. Ali S. Ali S.W. Alibocus M. Aliev g. Alimonti W. Alkakhi C. Allaire b.M.M. Allbrooke J.F. Allen C.A. Allendes Flores P.P. Allport A. Aloisio F. Alonso C. Alpigiani M. Alvarez Estevez A. Alvarez Fernandez M. Alves Cardoso M.g. Alviggi M. Aly Y. Amaral Coutinho A. Ambler C. Amelung M. Amerl C.g. Ames D. Amidei S.P. Amor Dos Santos K.R. Amos V. Ananiev C. Anastopoulos T. Andeen J.K. Anders S.Y. Andrean A. Andreazza S. Angelidakis A. Angerami A.V. Anisenkov A. Annovi C. Antel M.T. Anthony E. Antipov M. Antonelli F. Anulli M. Aoki T. Aoki J.A. Aparisi Pozo M.A. Aparo L. Aperio bella C. Appelt A. Apyan N. Aranzabal S.J. Arbiol Val C. Arcangeletti A.T.H. Arce E. Arena J-F. Arguin S. Argyropoulos J.-H. Arling O. Arnaez H. Arnold g. Artoni H. Asada K. Asai S. Asai N.A. Asbah J. Assahsah K. Assamagan R. Astalos S. Atashi R.J. Atkin M. Atkinson H. Atmani P.A. Atmasiddha K. Augsten S. Auricchio A.D. Auriol V.A. Austrup g. Avolio K. Axiotis g. Azuelos D. babal H. bachacou K. bachas A. bachiu F. backman A. badea P. bagnaia M. bahmani A.J. bailey V.R. bailey J.T. baines L. baines O.K. baker E. bakos D. bakshi gupta V. balakrishnan R. balasubramanian E.M. baldin P. balek E. ballabene F. balli L.M. baltes W.K. balunas J. balz E. banas M. bandieramonte A. bandyopadhyay S. bansal L. barak M. barakat E.L. barberio D. barberis M. barbero M.Z. barel K.N. barends T. barillari M-S. barisits T. barklow P. baron D.A. baron Mo The ATLAS Collaboration

The identification of jets originating from quarks and gluons,often referred to as quark/gluon tagging,plays an important role in various analyses performed at the Large Hadron Collider,as Standard Model measurements and searches for new particles decaying to quarks often rely on suppressing a large gluon-induced *** paper describes the measurement of the efficiencies of quark/gluon taggers developed within the ATLAS Collaboration,using √s=13 TeV proton–proton collision data with an integrated luminosity of 140 fb^(-1) collected by the ATLAS *** taggers with high performances in rejecting jets from gluon over jets from quarks are studied:one tagger is based on requirements on the number of inner-detector tracks associated with the jet,and the other combines several jet substructure observables using a boosted decision tree.A method is established to determine the quark/gluon fraction in data,by using quark/gluon-enriched subsamples defined by the jet *** in tagging efficiency between data and simulation are provided for jets with transverse momentum between 500 geV and 2 TeV and for multiple tagger working points.

关键词： ATLAS JET QUARK gLUON TAggINg

局部氨基乙酰丙酸光动力疗法治疗寻常性痤疮:临床效果和作用机制研究

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2005年第3期1卷 42-43页

作者： pollock b. Turner D. Stringer M.R. 牛新武 Department of Dermatol ogy Leeds General Infirmary Leeds LS1 3EX United Kingdom

backgroundAcne affects 83- 95% of 16- year-oldsof both sexes, and many seek help from a clinician. Emerging problems with conventional acne treatments, specifically antibiotic resistance of Propionibacterium acnes and fears over th e safety and tolerance of oral isotretinoin, create a demand for novel treatment modalities in acne. Objectives To study the efficacy of aminolaevulinic acid- photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) in the treatment of acne and to identify the mode of acti on, looking specifically at the effects on surface numbers of P. acnes and on se bum excretion. Methods Ten patients (nine men and one woman, age range 16- 40 y ears) with mild to moderate acne on their backswere recruited. Each patient’s backwasmarkedwith four 30- cm2 areas of equal acne severity. Each site was then randomly allocated to either ALA-PDT treatment, light alone, ALAalone or an u ntreated control site. At baseline, numbers of inflammatory and noninflammatory acne lesions were counted, sebum excretionmeasured by Sebutapes (CuDerm, Dallas, TX, U.S.A.) and surface P. acnes swabs performed. ALA cream (20% in Unguentum Merck) was applied under occlusion to the ALA-PDT and ALA alone sites for 3 h . Red light from a diode laser was then delivered to the ALA-PDT and light alo ne sites (635 nm, 25 mW cm- 2, 15 J cm- 2). Each patient was treated weekly fo r 3 weeks. At each visit acne lesion counts were performed and 3 weeks following the last treatment sebum excretion rates and P. acnes swabs were repeated. Resu lts There was a statistically significant reduction in inflammatory acne lesion counts from baseline after the second treatment at the ALA-PDT site but not at any of the other sites. No statistically significant reduction in P. acnes numb ers or sebum excretion was demonstrated at any sites including the ALA-PDT sit e. Conclusions ALA-PDT is capable of clinically improving acne. An alternative mode of action for ALA-PDT other than direct damage to sebaceous glands or ph otodynamicki

关键词：寻常性痤疮光动力疗法氨基乙酰丙酸作用机制中度痤疮异维甲酸非炎性痤疮新型治疗方法临床改善封包

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动物饲料中的霉菌毒素

江西畜牧兽医杂志 1985年第1期 54-55页

作者： geraldA·pollock 李端斌

霉菌毒素（以下简称为毒素）是由真菌产生的有毒的化学物质,在饲料安全和兽医方面是个主要问题。从1960年以来,这种毒素中毒的病例不断增加,那时发现的黄曲霉毒素b1是英格兰火鸡“×病”的致病因子。以后研究者们又揭露了大批“新的”毒... 详细信息

霉菌毒素（以下简称为毒素）是由真菌产生的有毒的化学物质,在饲料安全和兽医方面是个主要问题。从1960年以来,这种毒素中毒的病例不断增加,那时发现的黄曲霉毒素b1是英格兰火鸡“×病”的致病因子。以后研究者们又揭露了大批“新的”毒素;至目前为止,已鉴定的毒素就超过100多种。幸而许多毒素在临床上不那么重要,但与临床有关的毒素也在增长。最近,通过出现在“黄

关键词：黄曲霉毒素动物霉菌毒素毒枝菌素继发病