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应用MRI化学位移水/脂肪分离技术对绝经后妇女的腓肠肌脂肪浸润进行定量评估并与临床半定量评估进行对比的研究

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国际医学放射学杂志 2012年第5期 500-501页

作者： H.Alizai L.Nardo D.C.Karampinos g.b.joseph S.P.Yap T.baum 吴垠垠 Musculoskeletal and Quantitative Imaging Research group Department of Radiology and Biomedical ImagingUniversity of CaliforniaSan Francisco185 Berry StreetSuite 350San FranciscoCA 94107USA

摘要目的比较评价肌肉脂肪浸润的半定量goutallier分级方法和定量的MRI化学位移水/脂肪分离技术的一致性。方法62例女性[年龄(61±6)岁],其中27例患糖尿病,在3T MRI上进行腓肠肌的T1快速自旋回波序列和梯度回波序列扫描。用IDEAL算法计... 详细信息

摘要目的比较评价肌肉脂肪浸润的半定量goutallier分级方法和定量的MRI化学位移水/脂肪分离技术的一致性。方法62例女性[年龄(61±6)岁],其中27例患糖尿病,在3T MRI上进行腓肠肌的T1快速自旋回波序列和梯度回波序列扫描。用IDEAL算法计算水/脂肪图像和脂肪分数图,并通过T2*修正和多峰模型重建脂肪谱图。

关键词：骨骼肌 MRI 脂肪组织新陈代谢综合征神经肌疾病肌肉衰减症

EVOLUTION AND INTERACTION OFδ-WAVES IN THE ZERO-PRESSURE gAS DYNAMICS SYSTEM

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2024年第5期44卷 1801-1836页

作者： Abhishek DAS K.T.joseph Centre for Data Science Institute of Technical Education and Research(ITER)Siksha‘O’Anusandhan(Deemed to be University)BhubaneswarOdisha751030India Centre for Applicable Mathematics Tata Institute of Fundamental ResearchSharada NagarBangalore560065KarnatakaIndia

Evolution and interaction of plane waves of the multidimensional zero-pressure gas dynamics system leads to the study of the corresponding one dimensional *** this paper,we study the initial value problem for one dimensional zero-pressure gas dynamics *** the first equation is the burgers equation and the second one is the continuity *** consider the solution with initial data in the space of bounded borel *** we prove a general existence result in the algebra of generalized functions of *** we study in detail special solutions withδ-measures as initial *** study interaction of waves originating from initial data concentrated on two point sources and interaction with classical shock/rarefaction *** gives an understanding of plane-wave interactions in the multidimensional *** use the vanishing viscosity method in our analysis as this gives the physical solution.

关键词： zero-pressure gas dynamics delta-waves interaction of waves

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国际医学放射学杂志 2012年第1期 74-74页

作者： J.b.Pialat T.joseph g.b.joseph M.C.Nevit 李斌 Department of Radiology Massachusetts General Hospital55 Fruit StYAW-6EBostonMA 02114

目的通过使用3T MR成像,确定在无症状病人中退行性膝关节形态学异常出现的频率,在纵向研究中探讨与形态学异常有关的软骨T2值的特征和演变。材料与方法本研究获得机构审查委员会批准,符合HIPAA要求。从骨关节

关键词：骨关节炎膝关节形态学 T2 软骨运动器官 OA 纵向研究

Advances in discovery of novel investigational agents for functional cure of chronic hepatitis b:A comprehensive review of phases II and III therapeutic agents

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第3期16卷 331-343页

作者： Robert Lam joseph K Lim Section of Digestive Diseases Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06520United States

Chronic hepatitis b virus(HbV)infection affects over 295 million people globally and an estimated 1.6 million people in the United *** is associated with significant morbidity and mortality due to cirrhosis,liver failure,and liver *** therapy with oral nucleos(t)ide analogues is associated with high rates of virologic suppression,which in turn has been associated with a decreased risk of liver ***,current antiviral regimens are limited by concerns with adverse effects,adherence,resistance,long-term treatment,and ongoing risk for liver *** investigational agents are currently in development and are targeted at achieving functional cure with sustained hepatitis b surface antigen(HbsAg)loss and suppression of HbV *** we review key evidence from phases II and III trials defining the efficacy and safety profiles for key investigational agents for functional cure of chronic hepatitis b,including core/capsid inhibitors,entry inhibitors,RNA interference(siRNA/ASO),HbsAg inhibitors,Toll-like receptor agonists,checkpoint inhibitors,and therapeutic vaccines.

关键词： Hepatitis b virus Treatment Clinical trials RNA interference Entry inhibitors Core inhibitors Immunomodulators

The Sigma-1 Receptor as a Pharmacologic Chaperone: Energetics

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Journal of biosciences and Medicines 2024年第8期12卷 347-356页

作者： Robert b. Raffa joseph V. Pergolizzi Jr. School of Pharmacy (Emeritus) Temple University Philadelphia PA USA College of Pharmacy (Adjunct) University of Arizona Tucson AZ USA NEMA Research Naples FL USA

Initially thought to be an opioid receptor subtype, Sigma-1 receptors (S1R) are now known to be unique proteins that have chaperone-like properties. As such, they play critical roles in cellular signaling, homeostasis, and cell survival. These roles offer significant insight for understanding homeostasis of normal physiologic processes, and the pathophysiologic consequences of disruption of normal function. because of the broad nature of chaperone action, S1R agonists and antagonists represent potential drug discovery goals for the pharmacotherapeutic treatment of a variety of disorders that result from dysfunctional proteins. The present study summarizes the S1R as a pharmacologic chaperone crucial for protein folding and cellular homeostasis. Through literature review and thermodynamic analysis, it explores how S1R stabilizes target proteins, influencing neuroprotection and potential drug therapies. The binding of chaperones to target proteins is thermodynamically favorable, offering insights into treating diseases linked to protein misfolding.

关键词： Chaperone Sigma-1 Receptor Energetics Thermodynamics Isothermal Titration Microcalorimetry

The Impacts and Causes of Land Fragmentation on Farm Productivity: Case Review of East African Countries

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Open Journal of Ecology 2024年第5期14卷 455-482页

作者： joseph Mayindo Mayele Jacob b. Kolleh Joel Emmanuel Saburi Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Department of Forestry and Wildlife College of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies University of Juba Juba South Sudan Department of Socio-Economic and Applied Statistics Central Agricultural Research Institute (CARI) Suakoko Liberia

This report provides an overall assessment of land fragmentation problems in East Africa. Many parts of East Africa have become highly fragmented, putting development systems and activities in these areas at risk of complete collapse. Land fragmentation occurs when land gets converted for agriculture, industrialization, or urbanization, invaded by non-local plants, or enclosed for individual use and by subdividing farmlands into subsequent smaller units called parcels with varying average farm sizes. Fragmentation results from inappropriate agricultural development processes and ineffective land use planning that fails to recognize how farmland is used, and the importance of its interconnected areas. Insecurity of tenure and resource rights are key factors in making this possible. Land fragmentation is one of the key reasons why the ability of most resources in East Africa becomes scarcer, and those remaining become “privatized” by more powerful community members—keen to maintain their access to them. Such individualistic attitudes are new and disadvantage the poorest even further by affecting the traditional customary safety nets and agricultural outputs. Neither the government nor customary governance systems effectively protect resource access for the poorest. This review summary report identifies the key causes, measures, and implications, government interventions, and the common remedies to land fragmentation problems in the East African Countries of Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, and Tanzania including neighboring Ethiopia, and the Sudan. The findings indicated from 2005 to 2015, the population kept increasing for all the named countries in East Africa with Rwanda and Uganda having a substantial increase in population density. The study review further explores the trend in the performance of agriculture by average farm sizes within the intervals of five years by highlighting their strong linkages and found that the average farm size has declined drastically, especiall

关键词： Land Fragmentation Land Consolidation Farm Productivity Industrialization Impacts Causes Average Farm Size Population East Africa

Exciton-polaritons in a 2D hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite microcavity with the presence of optical Stark effect

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Chinese Physics b 2024年第3期33卷 551-555页

作者： Kenneth Coker 郑楚媛 joseph Roger Arhin Kwame Opuni-boachie Obour Agyekum 张伟利 School of Information and Communication Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Ho Technical UniversityHo 00233Ghana Telecommunication Engineering Department Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasi 00233Ghana

This study investigates the properties of exciton-polaritons in a two-dimensional(2D)hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite microcavity in the presence of optical Stark *** both steady and dynamic state analyses,strong coupling between excitons of perovskite and cavity photons is revealed,indicating the formation of polaritons in the perovskite ***,it is found that an external optical Stark pulse can induce energy shifts of excitons proportional to the pulse intensity,which modifies the dispersion characteristics of the polaritons.

关键词： exciton-polaritons perovskite microcavity optical Stark effect

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Elucidating the Degradation Pathways of Human Insulin in the Solid State

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2024年第3期8卷 288-299页

作者： Andrew Fagan Lorraine M.bateman joseph P.O'Shea Abina M.Crean SSPC the SFI Centre for Pharmaceutical Research School of Pharmacy University College Cork School of Pharmacy University College Cork Analytical and biological Chemistry Research Facility (AbCRF) University College Cork School of Chemistry University College Cork

While there have been significant advances in the development of peptide oral dosage forms in recent years, highlighted by the clinical and commercial success of approved peptides such as Rybelsus?, there remain several barriers in the way of broad range applicability of this approach to peptide delivery. One such barrier includes the poor physical and chemical stability inherent to their structures, which persists in the solid state although degradation typically occurs at different rates and via different pathways in comparison to the solution state. Using insulin as a model peptide, this work sought to contribute to the development of analytical techniques for investigating common insulin degradation pathways. Chemically denatured,deamidated and aggregated samples were prepared and used to benchmark circular dichroism spectroscopy, reverse phase HPLC and size exclusion chromatography methods for the investigation of unfolding, chemical modifications and covalent aggregation of the insulin molecule respectively. Solid state degraded samples were prepared by heating insulin powder at 60 °C and 75% relative humidity for 1, 3, 5 and 7 d, and the degradation profiles of the samples were evaluated and compared with those observed in solution. While no unfolding was observed to occur, significant deamidation and covalent aggregation were detected. Reductive disulfide bond cleavage using dithiothreitol allowed for separation of the insulin A-and b-chains,offering a facile yet novel means of assessing the mechanisms of deamidation and covalent aggregation occurring in the solid state.

关键词： biopharmaceutical analysis Covalent aggregation Deamidation Disulfide cleavage Insulin Solid state Stability

MR成像48个月期随访评估体质量减轻是否与肥胖和体质量超标病人关节软骨改变的进展减缓有关?——来自于骨关节炎倡议的数据

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国际医学放射学杂志 2017年第5期 599-599页

作者： A.S.gersing b.J.Schwaiger M.C.Nevitt g.b.joseph N.Chanchek J.b.guimaraes 李倩文 Department of Radiology and biomedical Imaging University of California San Francisco

摘要目的通过与体质量稳定者比较,探讨体质量超标和肥胖受试者体质量减轻与间隔48个月MR成像上软骨改变进展的关系。材料与方法 4个参与中心的机构伦理委员

关键词： MR 骨关节炎体质量指数