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A survey of ampullectomy practices

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2009年第28期15卷 3486-3492页

作者： Stacy b Menees Philip Schoenfeld Hyungjin Myra Kim grace H Elta Eastern Virginia Medical School Norfolk Virginia 23502 United States Division of gastroenterology University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 United States va Health Services & Research Department Ann Arbor MI Center for Statistical Consultation and Research University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109United States

AIM： To investigate the endoscopic ampullectomy practices of expert biliary endoscopists. METHODS： An anonymous expert biliary endoscopists practices. survey was mailed to 79 to assess ampullectomy RESULTS： Forty six （58%） biliary endoscopists returned the questionnaire. Of these, 63% were in academia and in practice for an average of 16.4 years （± 8.6）. Endoscopists performed an average of 1.1 （± 0.8） ampullectomies per month. Prior to ampullectomy, endoscopic ultrasound was ＂always＂ utilized by 67% of respondents vs ＂sometimes＂ in 31% of respondents. Empiric biliary sphincterotomy was not utilized uniformly, only 26% ＂always＂ and 37% ＂sometimes＂ performed it prior to resection. Fifty three percent reported ＂never＂ performing empiric pancreatic sphincterotomy prior to ampullectomy. Practitioners with high endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography volumes were the most likely to perform a pancreatic sphincterotomy （OR = 10.9; P = 0.09）. Participants overwhelmingly favored ＂always＂ placing a prophylactic pancreatic stent, with 86% placing it after ampullectomy rather than prior to resection （23%）. Argon plasma coagulation was the favored adjunct modality （83%） for removal of residual adenomatous tissue. Practitioners uniformly （100%） preferred follow-up examination to be within 6 mo ***： Among biliary experts, there is less variation in ampultectomy practices than is reflected in the literature.

关键词： Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaography Ampullectomy Papillectomy Ampulla ofvater, Common bile duct neoplasms Adenoma

MicroRNA-let-7a promotes E2F-mediated cell proliferation and NFKb activation in vitro

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2014年第1期11卷 79-93页

作者： Cristen b Chafin Nicole L Regna David L Caudell Christopher M Reilly Department of biomedical Sciences & Pathobiology Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine Virginia Polytechnic Institute and StateUniversity Blacksburg VA USA Department of Pathology/Comparative Medicine Wake Forest University Primate Center Wake Forest School ofMedicine Winston-Salem NC USA Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine Blacksburg VA USA

Epigenetic factors, including altered microRNA （miRNA） expression, may contribute to aberrant immune cell function in systemic lupus erythematosus （SLE）. MiRNA-let-7a （let-7a） has been shown to directly alter cell cycle progression and proinflammatory cytokine production. Due to the crucial role of let-7a in cell division and inflammation, we investigated let-7a-mediated proliferation and NFKb translocation in J774A. 1 macrophages and MES 13 mesangial cells in vitro. In immune-stimulated cells transfected with let-7a, cell proliferation was significantly increased over time. There was a significant increase in the number of immune-stimulated cells in S and g2 phases. Immune-stimulated cells overexpressing let-7a had increased nuclear translocation of NFKb. bioinformatical analysis revealed that the E2F family, critical regulators of the g1-S transition, has potential binding sites for let-7a in their mRNA transcripts. Let-7a overexpression significantly increased the expression of the cell cycle activator E2F2 and increased retinoblastoma protein （Rb） phosphorylation in immune-stimulated cells. The cell cycle inhibitor E2F5 was significantly decreased in let-7a-transfected cells that were immune-stimulated. bioinformatical analysis revealed E2F2 and NFKb are transcription factors predicted to regulate the let-7a promoter. We analyzed transcriptional regulation of let-7a by real-time RT-PCR using chromatin immunoprecipitation with E2F2 and NFKb antibodies. There was an increase in E2F2 and NFKb binding in DNA enriched for the let-7a promoter in immune-stimulated cells. Silencing E2F2 or NFKb significantly decreased let-7a expression and IL-6 production in immune-stimulated cells. Taken together, our results suggest that overexpression of let-7a may contribute to hyperplasia and the proinflammatory response in SLE.

关键词： cell proliferation E2F microRNA-let-7a NF~:b systemic lupus erythematosus

Enzalutamide:a new indication for nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2019年第2期21卷 107-108页

作者： Logan P Rhea brinda gupta Jeanny b Aragon-Ching Department of Medicine Inova Fairfax Medical CenterFairfaxVA 22042USA Department of Medicine Virginia Common wealth UniversityRichmondVA 23219USA gU Medical Oncology Inova Schar Cancer InstituteFairfaxVA 22031USA

PROSPER is an international Phase III trial demonstrating the beneficial role of enzalutamide,an androgen receptor antagonist,in prolonging metastasisfree survival in men with nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate *** trial showed that the median metastasis-free survival was 21.9 months longer for those treated with enzalutamide(36.6 months)compared to those treated with placebo(14.7 months).Enzalutamide also showed prolonged time to PSA progression,PSA response,and time to initiating additional antineoplastic therapy although overall survival is not yet *** is the second antiandrogen(next to apalutamide)that has gained the United States Food and Drug Administration(US FDA)label indication for use in the setting of nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

关键词： PROSPER beneficial role nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer

Inflammatory bowel disease:Therapeutic limitations and prospective of the stem cell therapy

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2020年第10期12卷 1050-1066页

作者： Rangnath Mishra Punita Dhawan Anand S Srivastava Amar b Singh Institute of Stem Cell Therapy and Research San DiegoCA 92122United States Department of biochemistry and Molecular biology University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68118United States Fred and Pamela buffett Cancer Center OmahaNE 68118United States va Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System OmahaNE 68118United States

Inflammatory bowel disease(IbD),consisting primarily of ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease,is a group of debilitating auto-immune disorders,which also increases the risk of colitis-associated ***,due to the chronic nature of the disease and inconsistent treatment outcomes of current anti-IbD drugs(e.g.,approximately 30%non-responders to anti-TNFαagents),and related serious side effects,about half of all IbD patients(in millions)turn to alternative treatment *** this regard,mucosal healing is gaining acceptance as a measure of disease activity in IbD patients as recent studies have correlated the success of mucosal healing with improved ***,despite the increasing clinical realization of the significance of the concept of mucosal healing,its regulation and means of therapeutic targeting remain largely ***,stemcell therapy,which uses hematopoietic stem cells or mesenchymal stem cells,remains a promising *** cells are the pluripotent cells with ability to differentiate into the epithelial and/or immune-modulatory *** overreaching concept is that the stem cells can migrate to the damaged areas of the intestine to provide curative help in the mucosal healing ***,by differentiating into the mature intestinal epithelial cells,the stem cells also help in restoring the barrier integrity of the intestinal lining and hence prevent the immunomodulatory induction,the root cause of the *** this article,we elaborate upon the current status of the clinical management of IbD and potential role of the stem cell therapy in improving IbD therapy and patient’s quality of life.

关键词： Crohn′s disease Ulcerative colitis Mesenchymal stem cells Hematopoietic stem cells Mucosal healing

When a general morphology allows many habitat uses

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Integrative Zoology 2016年第6期11卷 483-499页

作者： María J.TULLI Félix b.CRUZ Tiana KOHLSDORF Virginia AbDALA Unidad Ejecutora Lillo(CONICET)Instituto de Herpetología Fundación Miguel LilloTucumánArgentina Instituto de Investigaciones en biodiversidad y Medioambiente(INIbIOMA)CONICET-UNCOMA BarilocheRío NegroArgentina Departamento de biologia-FFCLRP Universidade de São PauloRibeirão PretoBrazil Instituto de biodiversidad Neotropical UNT-CONICETCátedra de Biología GeneralFacultad de Ciencias Naturales e IMLTucumánArgentina

During the last decades the study of functional morphology received more attention incorporating more detailed data corresponding to the internal anatomy that together contribute for a better understanding of the functional basis in *** we focus on 2 lizard families,Tropiduridae and Liolaemidae,and use information related to muscle-tendinous and external morphology traits of hind *** investigate whether the value of the traits analyzed tend to exhibit a reduced phenotypic variation produced by stabilizing selection,and whether species showing specialization in their habitat use will also exhibit special morphological features related to *** a result,we identified that evolution of hind limb traits is mainly explained by the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck model,suggesting stabilizing *** and tropidurids show clear ecomorphological trends in the variables considered,with sand lizards presenting the most specialized morphological *** ecomorphological trends differ between the 2 lineages,and traits of internal morphology tend to be more flexible than those of external morphology,restricting the ability to identify ecomorphs shared between these 2 *** traits of external morphology likely explain such restriction,as ecomorphs have been historically defined in other lizard clades based on variation of external morphology.

关键词： external morphology Lioalemidae muscles tendon Tropiduridae

Liver resection versus chemoembolization for patients with multifocal hepatocellular carcinoma

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2019年第5期8卷 543-545页

作者： Victor M.Zaydfudim Reid b.Adams Department of Surgery Section of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic SurgeryUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVAUSA

Curative intent treatment strategies for patients withhepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)include liver resection,livertransplantation,and arguably tumor ablation.

关键词： hepatocellular patients resection

Vegetation change as related to terrain factors at two glacier forefronts, glacier National Park, Montana, U.S.A.

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第1期17卷 1-15页

作者： Callie b.LAMbERT Lynn M・RESLER Yang SHAO David R.bUTLER Department of geography Virginia Tech220 Stanger StreetBlacksburgVA24061USA Texas State University Department of GeographySan MarcosTX 78666USA

glacier recession is a globally occurring trend. Although a rich body of work has documented glacial response to climate warming, few studies have assessed vegetation cover change in recently deglaciated areas, especially using geospatial technologies. Here, vegetation change at two glacier forefronts in glacier National Park, Montana, *** quantified through remote sensing analysis,fieldwork validation, and statistical ***, we assessed the spatial and temporal patterns of landcover change at the two glacier forefronts in glacier National Park and determined the role of selected biophysical terrain factors(elevation, slope, aspect, solar radiation, flow accumulation, topographic wetness index, and surficial geology) on vegetation change(from nonvegetated to vegetated cover) at the deglaciated *** imagery of the study locations in 1991, 2003,and 2015 were classified and validated using visual interpretation. Model results revealed geographic differences in biophysical correlates of vegetation change between the study areas, suggesting that terrain variation is a key factor affecting spatialtemporal patterns of vegetation change. At Jackson glacier forefront, increases in vegetation over some portion or all of the study period were negatively associated with elevation, slope angle, and consolidated bedrock. At grinnell glacier forefront,increases in vegetation associated negatively with elevation and positively with solar *** geospatial and field approaches to the study of vegetation change in recently deglaciated terrain are recommended to understand and monitor processes and patterns of ongoing habitat change in rapidly changing mountain environments.

关键词： Land cover change Physical geography glacial forefronts Vegetation change glacier National Park Terrain factors

Ecological and habitat ranges of orchids in the northernmost regions of their distribution areas:A case study from Ural Mountains,Russia

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Plant Diversity 2023年第2期45卷 211-218页

作者： Irina A.Kirillova Yuriy A.Dubrovskiy Svetlana V.Degteva Alexander b.Novakovskiy Institute of biology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences 28 Kommunisticheskaya St.167982SyktyvkarKomi RepublicRussia

The Orchidaceae,which is one of the most interesting families of angiosperms,contains a large number of rare *** their acknowledged importance,little attention has been paid to the study of orchids distributed in northern *** this study,we determined the syntaxonomical diversity and ecological parameters of orchid habitats in two of Europe's largest protected areas,the Pechoro-Ilychsky Reserve and the Yugyd va National Park(northeastern European Russia),and then compared our findings to those in other parts of orchid distribution *** this purpose,we studied 345 descriptions of plant communities(releves) containing species from Orchidaceae and defined habitat parameters using Ellenberg indicator values with the community weight mean approach,nonmetric multidimensional scaling(NMS),and relative niche *** found that orchids were distributed in eight habitat types and 97 plant *** largest number of orchid species is found in forest *** of the orchid species under study occur in the mires and rock habitats with open *** orchids consistently occur in areas disturbed by human *** addition,our study indicates that the main drivers of orchid distribution across the vegetation types are light and soil *** analysis of the ecological parameters of orchid habitats indicates that some orchid species can be classified as habitat specialists that are confined to a relatively narrow ecological niche in the Urals(e.g.,goodyera repens,Cypripedium guttatum and Dactylorhiza maculata).Several other species(*** cordata and Dactylorhiza fuchsia) grow under diverse ecological parameters.

关键词： Orchidaceae Plant communities Nature protected areas Community weight mean Illumination Moisture

Pill or procedure?Patient preferences on beta-blockers as an alternative to endoscopic variceal screening during the COVID-19 pandemic

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gastroenterology Report 2022年第1期10卷 632-634页

作者： Zheng Che Jeremy Louissaint Ihab Kassab Elliot b.Tapper Department of Internal Medicine University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Division of gastroenterology and Hepatology University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA gastroenterology Section VA Ann Arbor Healthcare SystemAnn ArborMIUSA

Introduction Certain patients at low risk of clinically significant esophageal varices by baveno criteria can safely avoid screening esophagogastroduodenoscopy(EgD)[1,2].However,regardless of variceal status,the PREDESCI study suggests that earlier betablocker(bb)use in compensated disease with clinically significant portal hypertension by hepatic venous pressure gradient may result in benefit by delaying the time to decompensated cirrhosis[3,4].This carries significant ramifications for future clinical guidelines and decision-making for whom we decide to initiate bb.

关键词： esophageal hepatic screening