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I-Quiz:An Intelligent Assessment Tool for Non-Verbal Behaviour Detection

Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2022年第3期40卷 1007-1021页

作者： B.T.Shobana g.a.sathish kumar Department of Information Technology Sri Venkateswara College of EngineeringSriperumbudur602117India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Sri Venkateswara College of EngineeringSriperumbudur602117India

Electronic learning(e-learning)has become one of the widely used modes of pedagogy in higher education today due to the convenience and flexibility offered in comparison to traditional learning activities.Advancements in Information and Communication Technology have eased learner connectivity online and enabled access to an extensive range of learning materials on the World Wide Web.Post covid-19 pandemic,online learning has become the most essential and inevitable medium of learning in primary,secondary and higher education.In recent times,Massive Open Online Courses(MOOCs)have transformed the current education strategy by offering a technology-rich and flexible form of online learning.A key component to assess the learner’s progress and effectiveness of online teaching is the Multiple Choice Question(MCQ)assessment in most of the MOOC courses.Uncertainty exists on the reliability and validity of the assessment component as it raises a qualm whether the real knowledge acquisition level reflects upon the assessment score.This is due to the possibility of random and smart guesses,learners can attempt,as MCQ assessments are more vulnerable than essay type assessments.This paper presents the architecture,development,evaluation of the I-Quiz system,an intelligent assessment tool,which captures and analyses both the implicit and explicit non-verbal behaviour of learner and provides insights about the learner’s real knowledge acquisition level.The I-Quiz system uses an innovative way to analyse the learner non-verbal behaviour and trains the agent using machine learning techniques.The intelligent agent in the system evaluates and predicts the real knowledge acquisition level of learners.A total of 500 undergraduate engineering students were asked to attend an on-Screen MCQ assessment test using the I-Quiz system comprising 20 multiple choice questions related to advanced C programming.The non-verbal behaviour of the learner is recorded using a front-facing camera during the entire assessment period.The resultant datase

关键词： E-Learning adaptive and intelligent e-learning systems intelligent tutoring systems emotion recognition non-verbal behaviour knowledge acquisition level

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Stochastic gradient Boosting Model for Twitter Spam Detection

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2022年第5期41卷 849-859页

作者： K.Kiruthika Devi g.a.sathish kumar Information Technology Sri Venkateswara College of EngineeringSriperumbudur602117India Electronics&Communication Engineering Sri Venkateswara College of EngineeringSriperumbudur602117India

In today’s world of connectivity there is a huge amount of data than we could imagine.The number of network users are increasing day by day and there are large number of social networks which keeps the users connected all the time.These social networks give the complete independence to the user to post the data either political,commercial or entertainment value.Some data may be sensitive and have a greater impact on the society as a result.The trustworthiness of data is important when it comes to public social networking sites like facebook and twitter.Due to the large user base and its openness there is a huge possibility to spread spam messages in this network.Spam detection is a technique to identify and mark data as a false data value.There are lot of machine learning approaches proposed to detect spam in social networks.The efficiency of any spam detection algorithm is determined by its cost factor and accuracy.Aiming to improve the detection of spam in the social networks this study proposes using statistical based features that are modelled through the supervised boosting approach called Stochastic gradient boosting to evaluate the twitter data sets in the English language.The performance of the proposed model is evaluated using simulation results.

关键词： Twitter spam stochastic gradient boosting

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Efficient Hybrid Energy Optimization Method in Location Aware Unmanned WSN

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第1期35卷 705-725页

作者： M.Suresh kumar g.a.sathish kumar Department of CSE Sri Venkateswara College of EngineeringSriperumbudur602117India Department of ECE Sri Venkateswara College of EngineeringSriperumbudur602117India

The growth of Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs)has revolutionized thefield of technology and it is used in different application frameworks.Unmanned edges and other critical locations can be monitored using the navigation sensor node.The WSN required low energy consumption to provide a high network and guarantee the ultimate goal.The main objective of this work is to propose hybrid energy optimization in local aware environments.The hybrid proposed work consists of clustering,optimization,direct and indirect communication and routing.The aim of this research work is to provide and framework for reduced energy and trusted communication with the shortest path to reach source to destination in WSN and an extending lifetime of wireless sensors.The proposed Artificial Fish Swarm Optimization algorithm is used for energy optimization in military applications which is simulated using Network Simulator(NS)tool.This work optimizes the energy level and the same is compared with various genetic algorithms(gA)and also the cluster selection process was compared with thefission-fusion(FF)selection method.The results of the proposed work show,improvement in energy optimization,throughput and time delay.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks(WSNs) optimization algorithm routing algorithm military applications

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Heavy metal pollution of river water and eco-friendly remediation using potent microalgal species

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Water Science and Engineering 2024年第1期17卷 41-50页

作者： Amudham Radha Amal Raj Prabhakaran Mylsamy V.Sivasankar B.sathish kumar Kiyoshi Omine T.g.Sunitha Phycological Research Laboratory Research Department of BotanyPachaiyappa's College(Affliated to University of Madras)Chennai 600030India Research Department of Chemistry Pachaiyappa's College(Affliated to University of Madras)Chennai 600030India Department of Botany Sri Vidya Mandir Arts&Science College(Autonomous)KatteriUthangarai 636902India Department of Civil Engineering School of Engineering.Nagasaki UniversityNagasaki-Daigaku1-14 Bunkyo-machiNagasaki 8528521Japan

Pollution of rivers is mainly caused by anthropogenic activities such as discharge of effluent from industrial facilities,maintenance of sewage/effluent treatment plants,and dumping of solid waste on river banks.This study dealt with the pollution issues of the Cooum River in the well-known city of Chennai in South India.Water samples from 27 locations were collected and analyzed for 12 elements,including Ba,B,and Al,as well as heavy metals such as Pb,Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,and Cd.The samples showed levels of these elements that exceeded World Health Organization recommendations.Pearson correlation analysis revealed the inter-dependency among elements,and the contribution of each element based on factor loadings showed its percentage contribution compared to others.Water samples from six significant locations were chosen for remediation with three algae:Chlorella vulgaris,Scenedesmus dimorphus,and Phormedium sp.The uptake of pollutants led to the continuous growth of algae during the incubation period of 15 d,effectively removing heavy metals from the river water.The increasing levels of algal counts and the chlorophyll a content confirmed the algal growth during the incubation period,followed by a declining stage after the incubation period.The scanning electron microscopic images of algae before and after the remediation showed no remarkable modification of morphological patterns.This study showed that the uptake of heavy metals using algae is an effective water pollution remediation measure,making the process practicable in the field on a large scale in the near future.

关键词： Heavy metal Cooum river Phycoremediation Microalgae Factor analysis

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Lateral clavicle fracture-plating options and considerations

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第6期12卷 1039-1044页

作者： sathish Muthu Saravanan Annamalai Velmurugan Kandasamy Department of Orthopaedics Orthopaedic Research GroupCoimbatore 641045Tamil NaduIndia Department of Biotechnology Karpagam Academy of Higher EducationCoimbatore 641021Tamil NaduIndia Department of Orthopaedics Government Karur Medical CollegeKarur 639004Tamil NaduIndia Department of Orthopaedics Government Thiruvallur Medical CollegeThiruvallur 631203Tamil NaduIndia Department of Orthopaedics Government Kilpauk Medical CollegeChennai 600010Tamil NaduIndia

Clavicle fractures are among the most prevalent types of fractures with numerous treatment strategies that have evolved over time.In the realm of lateral-third clavicle fracture management,several surgical methods are available,with plate and screw constructs being one of the most frequently employed options.Within this construct,numerous choices exist for fixing the fracture.This editorial provides an overview of the common plate options utilized in the management of distal third clavicle fractures underscoring the critical considerations and approaches that guide clinicians in selecting the most appropriate fixation techniques,considering the complex landscape of clavicle fractures and their challenging management.

关键词： Clavicle fracture Surgical management Distal clavicle plating Superior plating Anterior plating

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Tenosynovitis of hand: Causes and complications

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第4期12卷 671-676页

作者： sathish Muthu Saravanan Annamalai Velmurugan Kandasamy Department of Orthopaedics Government Medical CollegeKarur 639004Tamil NaduIndia Orthopaedic Research group Coimbatore 641045Tamil NaduIndia Department of Biotechnology Faculty of EngineeringKarpagam Academy of Higher EducationCoimbatore 641021Tamil NaduIndia Department of Orthopaedics Government Thiruvallur Medical CollegeThiruvallur 631203Tamil NaduIndia Department of Orthopaedics Government Kilpauk Medical CollegeChennai 600010Tamil NaduIndia

Tenosynovitis represents a common clinical condition characterized by inflam-mation of the synovium that encases the tendon sheath.Although tenosynovities may be noted in any tendon in the body,extremities such as hand,and foot remain the sites of high predilection to acquire this condition.The predominant cause of this predilection rests in the intricate tendon arrangements in these extremities that permit fine motor actions.This editorial explores the common causes and the complications associated with this condition to improve the understanding of the readers of this common condition encountered in our everyday clinical practice.

关键词： Tenosynovitis gout Hand Complications Infection

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Does progress in microfracture techniques necessarily translate into clinical effectiveness?

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第3期15卷 266-284页

作者： sathish Muthu Vibhu Krishnan Viswanathan Manoharan Sakthivel Mohammed Thabrez Department of Orthopaedics Orthopaedic Research GroupCoimbatore 641045Tamil NaduIndia Department of Biotechnology Karpagam Academy of Higher EducationCoimbatore 641021Tamil NaduIndia Manoharan Sakthivel Department of OrthopaedicsGovernment Medical CollegeKarur 639004Tamil NaduIndia Department of Orthopaedics Devadoss Multispecialty HospitalMadurai 625007Tamil NaduIndia Department of Medical Oncology Aster Medcity HospitalKochi 682034India

BACKgROUND Multitudinous advancements have been made to the traditional microfracture(MFx)technique,which have involved delivery of various acellular 2nd generation MFx and cellular MFx-III components to the area of cartilage defect.The relative benefits and pitfalls of these diverse modifications of MFx technique are still not widely understood.AIM To comparatively analyze the functional,radiological,and histological outcomes,and complications of various generations of MFx available for the treatment of cartilage defects.METHODS A systematic review was performed using PubMed,EMBASE,Web of Science,Cochrane,and Scopus.Patients of any age and sex with cartilage defects undergoing any form of MFx were considered for analysis.We included only randomized controlled trials(RCTs)reporting functional,radiological,histological outcomes or complications of various generations of MFx for the management of cartilage defects.Network meta-analysis(NMA)was conducted in Stata and Cochrane’s Confidence in NMA approach was utilized for appraisal of evidence.RESULTS Forty-four RCTs were included in the analysis with patients of mean age of 39.40(±9.46)years.Upon comparing the results of the other generations with MFX-I as a constant comparator,we noted a trend towards better pain control and functional outcome(KOOS,IKDC,and Cincinnati scores)at the end of 1-,2-,and 5-year time points with MFx-III,although the differences were not statistically significant(P>0.05).We also noted statistically significant Magnetic resonance observation of cartilage repair tissue score in the higher generations of microfracture(weighted mean difference:17.44,95%confidence interval:0.72,34.16,P=0.025;without significant heterogeneity)at 1 year.However,the difference was not maintained at 2 years.There was a trend towards better defect filling on MRI with the second and third generation MFx,although the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).CONCLUSION The higher generations of traditional MFx technique utilizing acellular and cellular comp

关键词： Cartilage injury Microfracture Mesenchymal stem cells Platelet-rich plasma Bone marrow aspiration concentrates Clinical outcome Radiological outcome Meta-analysis Network meta-analysis

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Plant Nitrogen Metabolism: Balancing Resilience to Nutritional Stress andAbiotic Challenges

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第3期93卷 581-609页

作者： Muhammad Farhan Manda sathish Rafia Kiran Aroosa Mushtaq Alaa Baazeem Ammarah Hasnain Fahad Hakim Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi Mustansar Mubeen Yasir Iftikhar Aqleem Abbas Muhammad Zeeshan Hassan Mahmoud Moustafa Department of Plant Pathology Faculty of Agricultural Sciences&TechnologyBahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60800Pakistan Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del Maule(CIEAM) Vicerrectoría de Investigación y PostgradoUniversidad Católica del MauleTalca3460000Chile College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina Department of Biology College of ScienceTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif21944Saudi Arabia Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Biological SciencesLahore University of Biological and Applied SciencesLahorePakistan Department of Plant Pathology College of AgricultureUniversity of SargodhaSargodha40100Pakistan Department of Agriculture and Food Technology Karakorum International UniversityGilgitPakistan Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbhaSaudi Arabia

Plant growth and resilience to abiotic stresses,such as soil salinity and drought,depend intricately on nitrogen metabolism.This review explores nitrogen’s regulatory role in plant responses to these challenges,unveiling a dynamic interplay between nitrogen availability and abiotic stress.In the context of soil salinity,a nuanced rela-tionship emerges,featuring both antagonistic and synergistic interactions between salinity and nitrogen levels.Salinity-induced chlorophyll depletion in plants can be alleviated by optimal nitrogen supplementation;however,excessive nitrogen can exacerbate salinity stress.We delve into the complexities of this interaction and its agri-cultural implications.Nitrogen,a vital element within essential plant structures like chloroplasts,elicits diverse responses based on its availability.This review comprehensively examines manifestations of nitrogen deﬁciency and toxicity across various crop types,including cereals,vegetables,legumes,and fruits.Furthermore,we explore the broader consequences of nitrogen products,such as N_(2)O,NO_(2),and ammonia,on human health.Understand-ing the intricate relationship between nitrogen and salinity,especially chloride accumulation in nitrate-fed plants and sodium buildup in ammonium-fed plants,is pivotal for optimizing crop nitrogen management.However,prudent nitrogen use is essential,as overapplication can exacerbate nitrogen-related issues.Nitrogen Use Efﬁ-ciency(NUE)is of paramount importance in addressing salinity challenges and enhancing sustainable crop productivity.Achieving this goal requires advancements in crop varieties with efﬁcient nitrogen utilization,pre-cise timing and placement of nitrogen fertilizer application,and thoughtful nitrogen source selection to mitigate losses,particularly urea-based fertilizer volatilization.This review article delves into the multifaceted world of plant nitrogen metabolism and its pivotal role in enabling plant resilience to nutritional stress and abiotic challenges.It offers insights into future directions

关键词： Synthetic nitrogen nitrogen signaling sustainable agriculture eutrophication ammonium nitrate

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Non-enzymatic methods for isolation of stromal vascular fraction and adipose-derived stem cells:A systematic review

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World Journal of Methodology 2024年第2期14卷 134-144页

作者： Vamsi Krishna Mundluru MJ Naidu Ravi Teja Mundluru Naveen Jeyaraman sathish Muthu Swaminathan Ramasubramanian Madhan Jeyaraman Department of Orthopaedics MJ Naidu Super Speciality HospitalVijayawada 520002Andhra PradeshIndia Department of Regenerative Medicine StemC ClinicsVijayawada 520002Andhra PradeshIndia Department of Orthopaedics ACS Medical College and HospitalDr.MGR Educational and Research InstituteChennai 600077Tamil NaduIndia Department of Orthopaedics Orthopaedic Research GroupCoimbatore 641045Tamil NaduIndia Department of Orthopaedics Government Medical College and HospitalKarur 639004Tamil NaduIndia Department of Biotechnology Faculty of EngineeringKarpagam Academy of Higher EducationCoimbatore 641021Tamil NaduIndia Department of Orthopaedics Government Medical CollegeOmandurar Government EstateChennai 600002Tamil NaduIndia

BACKgROUND Adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs)and the stromal vascular fraction(SVF)have garnered substantial interest in regenerative medicine due to their potential to treat a wide range of conditions.Traditional enzymatic methods for isolating these cells face challenges such as high costs,lengthy processing time,and regulatory complexities.AIM This systematic review aimed to assess the efficacy and practicality of nonenzymatic,mechanical methods for isolating SVF and ADSCs,comparing these to conventional enzymatic approaches.METHODS Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines,a comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases.Studies were selected based on inclusion criteria focused on non-enzymatic isolation methods for SVF and ADSCs from adipose tissue.The risk of bias was assessed,and a qualitative synthesis of findings was performed due to the methodological heterogeneity of the included studies.RESULTS Nineteen studies met the inclusion criteria,highlighting various mechanical techniques such as centrifugation,vortexing,and ultrasonic cavitation.The review identified significant variability in cell yield and viability,and the integrity of isolated cells across different non-enzymatic methods compared to enzymatic procedures.Despite some advantages of mechanical methods,including reduced processing time and avoidance of enzymatic reagents,the evidence suggests a need for optimization to match the cell quality and therapeutic efficacy achievable with enzymatic isolation.CONCLUSION Non-enzymatic,mechanical methods offer a promising alternative to enzymatic isolation of SVF and ADSCs,potentially simplifying the isolation process and reducing regulatory hurdles.However,further research is necessary to standardize these techniques and ensure consistent,high-quality cell yields for clinical applications.The development of efficient,safe,and reproducible non-enzymatic isolation methods could significantly advance the field of regenerative medic

关键词： Adipose-derived stem cells Stromal vascular fraction Regenerative medicine Non-enzymatic isolation Mechanical separation techniques

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Opportunistic Routing with Multi-Channel Cooperative Neighbour Discovery

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第2期35卷 2367-2382页

作者： S.sathish kumar g.Ravi AVS College of Technology Salem636106India Sona College of Technology Salem636005India

Due to the scattered nature of the network,data transmission in a dis-tributed Mobile Ad-hoc Network(MANET)consumes more energy resources(ER)than in a centralized network,resulting in a shorter network lifespan(NL).As a result,we build an Enhanced Opportunistic Routing(EORP)protocol architecture in order to address the issues raised before.This proposed routing protocol goal is to manage the routing cost by employing power,load,and delay to manage the routing energy consumption based on theﬂooding of control pack-ets from the target node.According to the goal of the proposed protocol techni-que,it is possible to manage the routing cost by applying power,load,and delay.The proposed technique also manage the routing energy consumption based on theﬂooding of control packets from the destination node in order to reduce the routing cost.Control packet exchange between the target and all the nodes,on the other hand,is capable of having an inﬂuence on the overall efﬁciency of the system.The EORP protocol and the Multi-channel Cooperative Neighbour Discovery(MCCND)protocol have been designed to detect the cooperative adja-cent nodes for each node in the routing route as part of the routing path discovery process,which occurs during control packet transmission.While control packet transmission is taking place during the routing path discovery process,the EORP protocol and the Multi-channel Cooperative Neighbour Discovery(MCCND)protocol have been designed to detect the cooperative adjacent nodes for each node in the routing.Also included is a simulation of these protocols in order to evaluate their performance across a wide range of packet speeds using Constant Bit Rate(CBR).When the packet rate of the CBR is 20 packets per second,the results reveal that the EORP-MCCND is 0.6 s quicker than the state-of-the-art protocols,according to theﬁndings.Assuming that the CBR packet rate is 20 packets per second,the EORP-MCCND achieves 0.6 s of End 2 End Delay,0.05 s of Routing Overhead Delay,120 s of Network Lifetime,and 20 J of En

关键词： Macro-addressable network power-and load-aware routing deterministic and opportunistic routing gradient routing multi-channel cooperative neighbor discovery

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