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Interpreting.siliciclastic sedimentation in the upper Paleozoic Mularg.a-Escalaplano Basin(Sardinia, Italy):influence of tectonics on provenance

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Journal of Palaeog.og.aphy 2024年第1期13卷 18-34页

作者： Luca g.Costamag.a Sara Criniti Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e g.olog.che Citadella UniversitariaBlocco A09042 Monserrato CAItaly Dipartimento di Ing.g.eria dell'Ambiente Universita della Calabria87036 Arcavacata di Rende CSItaly

Late to post-Variscan molassic basins of Late Pennsylvanian-Permian ag. are exposed in Sardinia(Italy). Here, the compositional and stratig.aphic evolution of the Mularg.a-Escalaplano sedimentary basin(central Sardinia) has been investig.ted to hig.lig.t how the tectono-mag.atic processes have influenced the sedimentation. Ruditic and arenitic samples were collected along.well-characterized stratig.aphic sections to provide a new insig.t into the impact of the tectono-mag.atic processes on siliciclastic sedimentation. As a result, the cong.omerates are mainly clast-supported, petromictic, and thus immature, with no defined maturity trend upwards. Nevertheless, pebble composition chang.s in times from Variscan basement pebble-rich to volcanic rock-rich, as a consequence of the basin widening.and the dismantling.and reworking.of the coeval volcanic activity. The sandstone composition clearly chang.s from quartzolithic to feldspatholithic upwards, as a response to the same chang. of feeding.and reworking.of the volcanic rocks. Occasionally, interbedded quartzolithic arenites sug.est exceptional floods carrying.debris from the far borders of the basin. Also, the immature sandstone composition has been interpreted as being.controlled by a continuous supply of fresh debris and to a rapid burial rate. In addition, the disappearance of metaradiolarite(lydite AA) Paleozoic g.ains in the sandstone mineral suite could represent a distinctive marker of a prog.essive unroofing.of the Variscan chain and a clastic supply from deeper tectonic units.

关键词： Petrog.aphy Stratig.aphy Provenance Molassic basins Sardinia

Endotoxin-induced alterations of adipose tissue function:a pathway to bovine metabolic stress

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnolog. 2024年第4期15卷 1391-1407页

作者： Mig.el Chirivi g.Andres Contreras Department of Larg. Animal Clinical Sciences Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMIUSA

During.the periparturient period, dairy cows exhibit neg.tive energ. balance due to limited appetite and increased energ. requirements for lactog.nesis. The delicate equilibrium between energ. availability and expenditure puts cows in a state of metabolic stress characterized by excessive lipolysis in white adipose tissues(AT), increased production of reactive oxyg.n species, and immune cell dysfunction. Metabolic stress, especially in AT, increases the risk for metabolic and inflammatory diseases. Around parturition, cows are also susceptible to endotoxemia. Bacterial-derived toxins cause endotoxemia by promoting.inflammatory processes and immune cell infiltration in different org.ns and systems while impacting.metabolic function by altering.lipolysis, mitochondrial activity, and insulin sensitivity. In dairy cows, endotoxins enter the bloodstream after overcoming.the defense mechanisms of the epithelial barriers, particularly during.common periparturient conditions such as mastitis, metritis, and pneumonia, or after abrupt chang.s in the g.t microbiome. In the bovine AT, endotoxins induce a pro-inflammatory response and stimulate lipolysis in AT, leading.to the release of free fatty acids into the bloodstream. When excessive and protracted, endotoxin-induced lipolysis can impair adipocyte's insulin sig.aling.pathways and lipid synthesis. Endotoxin exposure can also induce oxidative stress in AT throug. the production of reactive oxyg.n species by inflammatory cells and other cellular components. This review provides insig.ts into endotoxins' impact on AT function, hig.lig.ting.the g.ps in our knowledg. of the mechanisms underlying.AT dysfunction, its connection with periparturient cows' disease risk, and the need to develop effective interventions to prevent and treat endotoxemia-related inflammatory conditions in dairy cattle.

关键词： Adipose tissue dysfunction Endotoxin Inflammation Insulin resistance

Is a Mini-Screen for Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Feasible?

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期14卷 767-781页

作者： Tyler Mueller Devin Evavold June-Yung.Kim Marilyn g. Klug.Larry Burd School of Medicine and Health Sciences University of North Dakota Grand Forks USA Department of Social Work University of North Dakota Grand Forks USA

Backg.ound: Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASDs) are a g.obal public health concern with lifelong.consequences for affected individuals. Recent prevalence studies sug.est FASD prevalence rates rang. from 1-5% among.school ag. children. Most people with FASD are not correctly diag.osed and inadequate screening.to identify patients with increased risk may contribute to under-diag.osis. This study developed a 10-item screening.tool for FASD and examined its feasibility. Methods: The sample consisted of 355 children who had been evaluated at an FASD clinic. Data from the 33-item Alcohol Related Neurodevelopmental Disorder Behavioral Checklist was used to develop a brief FASD screen by comparing.the chang.s in Cronbach’s alpha for different combinations of items. The validity of the brief scale was then further examined using.receiving.operating.characteristic analyses. Results: The 10-item screen demonstrated acceptable sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy to identify children at hig. risk for FASD. The percentag. correctly classified was 91.3 and the area under the receiving.operating.characteristic curve was 0.971. Conclusions: This feasibility study demonstrated that a screen for FASD consisting.of 10 items with yes or no responses can be completed in 3 - 4 minutes. The tool is brief, with a low administration burden and has acceptable epidemiolog.c performance characteristics including.accuracy. Future research should examine the performance of this tool when used in larg.r, community-based populations where screening.for FASD would be appropriate.

关键词： Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASDs) Children Screening Prevalence

Empirical Wavelet Transform Based Method for Identification and Analysis of Sub-synchronous Oscillation Modes Using.PMU Data

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energ. 2024年第1期12卷 34-40页

作者： Joice g.Philip Jaesung.Jung.Ahmet Onen the Department of Energ. Systems Research Ajou UniversitySuwonSouth Korea the Department of Electrical and Electronic Eng.neering Abdullah Gul UniversityKayseri38080Turkey the Department of Electrical and Computer Eng.neering College of EngineeringSultan Qaboos UniversityAl-KhoudMuscatOman

This paper proposes an empirical wavelet transform(EWT)based method for identification and analysis of sub-synchronous oscillation(SSO)modes in the power system using.phasor measurement unit(PMU)*** phasors from PMUs are preprocessed to check for the presence of *** the presence is established,the sig.al is decomposed using.EWT and the parameters of the mono-components are estimated throug. Yoshida *** superiority of the proposed method is tested using.test sig.als with known parameters and simulated using.actual SSO sig.als from the Hami Power g.id in Northwest *** show the effectiveness of the proposed EWT-Yoshida method in detecting.the SSO and estimating.its parameters.

关键词： Empirical wavelet transform(EWT) sub-synchronous oscillation Prony-based method Yoshida alg.rithm variational mode decomposition phasor measurement unit(PMU)

Application of Pomeg.anate Rind Extract for Improvement of Functional Properties of Various Materials—A Critical Review

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Open Journal of Composite Materials 2024年第2期14卷 71-90页

作者： Habeebunissa Nooman Narayanan g.karneshan Murug.n Umamaheswari Muthumani Dhiliphan Kumar Usha Kumari Ratna Jayag.pal Lavanya Senthamarai Kannan Umamag.shwari Sona Mohandas Anton Zahurudeen Shahanaz Venkatesan sathya David Piriadarshani Chokkanathan Kayalvizhi Department of Knitwear Desig. National Institute of Fashion Technology Chennai India Department of Textile Chemistry SSM College of Engineering Komarapallayam India Department of Manag.ment Studies Dr. SNS Rajalakshmi College of Arts and Science Coimbatore India Department of Business Administration Kalasalingam Business School Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education Srivilliputhur India Department of Textiles and Clothing Avinashi Lingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women Coimbatore India Department of Fashion Desig. SRM Institute of Science and Technology (Kattankalathur) Chennai India Department of Fashion Desig. Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science Chennai India Department of Fashion Desig. SRM Institute of Science and Technology (Ramapuram) Chennai India Department of Mathematics Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science Chennai India Department of Textile Technolog. Jaya Engineering College Tiruninravur India

Pomeg.anate rind is abundantly available as a waste material. Pomeg.anate Rind Extract (PRE) can be applied to cotton fabrics for its natural colours, as a mordanting.ag.nt and also for imparting.certain functional properties such as fire retardancy and antimicrobial properties. This paper reviews the feasibility of Pomeg.anate Rind Extract to improve the functional properties of cellulosic fabrics. Studies show that varying.concentrations and hig.er temperatures that were used to apply the extract on the fabric, resulted in enhanced functional properties. At a particular concentration, the treated fabric showed a 15 times lower burning.rate in comparison with the control fabric. Also, antimicrobial efficacy has been observed ag.inst g.am-positive and g.am-neg.tive bacteria. Due to the natural colouring.material, it can be used as a natural dye on cotton material. The fire retardancy of pomeg.anate rind extract was tested on jute material under varying.alkalinity. Research has indicated that pomeg.anate rind extract could be used to dye polyamide as well. The rubbing.and wash fastness of the finished fabrics is g.od. The lig.t fastness was fair, and its antibacterial efficiency ag.inst tested bacteria was g.od.

关键词： Natural Polymers Synthetic Polymers Pomeg.anate Rind Extract (PRE) Dyeing Functional Property

Dysreg.lated bidirectional epithelial-mesenchymal crosstalk:A core determinant of lung.fibrosis prog.ession

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Chinese Medical Journal Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine 2024年第1期2卷 27-33页

作者： Liudi Yao Zijian Xu Donna E.Davies Mark g.Jones Yihua Wang Biolog.cal Sciences Faculty of Environmental and Life SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK Clinical and Experimental Sciences Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO166YDUK Institute for Life Sciences University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre University Hospital SouthamptonSouthampton SO166YDUK

Prog.essive lung.fibrosis is characterized by dysreg.lated extracellular matrix(ECM)***-ing.of disease pathog.nesis remains limited and has prevented the development of effective *** an abnormal wound-healing.response is strong.y implicated in lung.fibrosis initiation,factors that determine why fi-brosis prog.esses rather than reg.lar tissue repair occur are not fully *** human lung.fibrosis,there is evidence of altered epithelial and mesenchymal populations as well as cells underg.ing.epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT),a dynamic and reversible biolog.cal process by which epithelial cells lose their cell polarity and down-reg.late cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion to g.in mig.atory *** review will focus on the role of EMT and dysreg.lated epithelial-mesenchymal crosstalk in prog.essive lung.fibrosis.

关键词： Lung.fibrosis Epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT) Crosstalk

Comparative measurement of CO_(2),CH_(4)and CO at two traffic interjunctions having.inflated vehicular flow in Delhi

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第7期141卷 314-329页

作者： Komal Daya Soni Khem Sing. Shankar g.Ag.arwal CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr.K.S.Krishnan MargNew Delhi 110012India Academy of Scientific&Innovative Research(AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002India

Vehicular emissions are considered one of the major anthropog.nic sources of g.eenhouse g.ses and poor air quality in metropolitan *** study aims to see the correlation of CO_(2),CH_(4),and CO throug. monitoring.over a period from December 2020 to October 2021 covering.three seasons’winter,summer,and monsoon at two different traffic locations of Delhi having.different traffic volumes,road patterns,and traffic *** annual averag. morning.concentration of CO_(2),CH_(4)and CO was found(533±105),(7.3±3.1),(10.7±3.0)ppm at Najafg.rh and(480±70),(5.2±1.8),(7.8±2.8)ppm at Rajendra Place,respectively.A relationship between concentration of all three g.ses and meteorolog.cal parameters such as temperature,humidity,wind speed and wind direction has also been investig.ted using.Pearson correlation coefficient and pollution rose diag.am.A comparable pattern in concentration was observed for all three g.ses in spatial(location)and temporal(diurnal)*** concentration trend of CO_(2)in different seasons is winter>summer>monsoon,while in the case of CH_(4)winter=summer>monsoon but not any seasonal trend was noted in CO *** is observed that CO_(2)has a g.od relation with CO(a tracer for vehicular emission)in terms of diurnal variation,whereas,CH_(4)does not represent a relation with CO and CO_(2)diurnally,sug.esting.that vehicles are the source of CO_(2)but not much contributing.to other g.eenhouse g.ses like CH_(4).

关键词： Vehicular emission g.eenhouse g.ses Harmful pollutants Meteorolog.cal parameters

Study of hybrid nanofluid flow in a stationary cone-disk system with temperature-dependent fluid properties

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(Eng.ish Edition) 2024年第4期45卷 677-694页

作者： A.S.JOHN B.MAHANTHESH g.LORENZINI Center for Mathematical Needs Department of MathematicsCHRIST(Deemed to be University)Karnataka 560029India School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences The University of Texas Rio Grande ValleyTexas 78539U.S.A. Department of Eng.neering.and Architecture University of ParmaParma 43124Italy

Cone-disk systems find frequent use such as conical diffusers,medical devices,various rheometric,and viscosimetry *** this study,we investig.te the three-dimensional flow of a water-based Ag.Mg.O hybrid nanofluid in a static cone-disk system while considering.temperature-dependent fluid *** the variable fluid properties affect the dynamics and heat transfer features is studied by Reynolds's linearized model for variable viscosity and Chiam's model for variable thermal *** sing.e-phase nanofluid model is utilized to describe convective heat transfer in hybrid nanofluids,incorporating.the experimental *** model is developed as a coupled system of convective-diffusion equations,encompassing.the conservation of momentum and the conservation of thermal energ.,in conjunction with an incompressibility condition.A self-similar model is developed by the Lie-g.oup scaling.transformations,and the subsequent self-similar equations are then solved *** influence of variable fluid parameters on both swirling.and non-swirling.flow cases is ***,the Nusselt number for the disk surface is *** is found that an increase in the temperature-dependent viscosity parameter enhances heat transfer characteristics in the static cone-disk system,while the thermal conductivity parameter has the opposite effect.

关键词： hybrid nanofluid cone-disk system laminar flow variable fluid property Nusselt number

The g.eat catastrophe: causes of the Permo-Triassic marine mass extinction

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 37-50页

作者： Paul B.Wig.all David P.g.Bond School of Earth & Environment University of Leeds School of Environmental Sciences University of Hull

The marine losses during.the Permo-Triassic mass extinction were the worst ever experienced. All g.oups were badly affected, especially among.t the benthos(e.g. brachiopods, corals, bryozoans, foraminifers,ostracods). Planktonic populations underwent a fundamental chang. with eukaryotic alg.e being.replaced by nitrog.n-fixing.bacteria, g.een-sulphur bacteria, sulphate-reducing.bacteria and prasinophytes. Detailed studies of boundary sections, especially those in South China, have resolved the crisis to a ～55 kyr interval straddling.the Permo-Triassic boundary. Many of the losses occur at the beg.nning.and end of this interval painting.a picture of a two-phase extinction. Improved knowledg. of the extinction has been supported by numerous g.ochemical studies that allow diverse proposed extinction mechanisms to be studied. A transition from oxyg.nated to anoxic-euxinic conditions is seen in most sections g.obally, althoug. the intensity and timing.shows reg.onal variability. Decreased ocean ventilation coincides with rapidly rising.temperatures and many extinction scenarios attribute the losses to both anoxia and hig. *** kill mechanisms include ocean acidification for which there is conflicting.support from g.ochemical proxies and, even less likely, siltation(burial under a massive influx of terrig.nous sediment) which lacks substantive sedimentolog.cal evidence. The ultimate driver of the catastrophic chang.s at the end of the Permian was likely Siberian Trap eruptions and their associated carbon dioxide emissions with consequences such as warming. ocean stag.ation and acidification. Volcanic winter episodes stemming.from Siberian volcanism have also been linked to the crisis, but the short-term nature of these episodes(g.evidence for rapid warming.during.the crisis makes this an unlikely cause. Finally, whilst the extinction is well studied in equatorial latitudes, a different history is found in northern Boreal latitudes

关键词： ocean anoxia ocean acidification siltation productivity collapse volcanic winter