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Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry 2015年第2期5卷 67-86页

作者： I. Z. Mukasa-Tebandeke P. J. M. Ssebuw.fu S. A. Nyanzi A. Schumann g. w. A. nyakairu M. Ntale F. Lug.lobi Department of Chemistry Makerere University Kampala Uganda Department of g.olog. Makerere University Kampala Uganda Department of Earth Sciences Wesleyan University Middletown CT USA

The results on the elemental and mineralog.cal compositions of clays from Central Ug.nda differed from those from the volcanic sediments of the Mt. Elg.n in Eastern Ug.nda. Utilisation of the tw. types of clays should be strict after understanding.their structural differences. w.ereas elemental, mineralog.cal, DTA, IR, XRD and pH data on selected clays from Kumi, Nakaw., Seeta, Kajansi, Kaw.ku, Lw.nda, Chodah and Umateng.h indicated that they w.re kaolinites. Similar data on clays from Mutufu, Budadiri, Chelel and Siron indicated that they w.re larg.ly smectites. The IR data accumulated on Kaw.ku, Kajansi, Lw.da, Seeta, Chodah, Umateng.h, Kumi and Nakaw. clays revealed they w.re larg.ly kaolinites yet that on Mutufu, Chelel, Budadiri and Siron clays indicated they w.re smectite-rich.

关键词： Mineralog. Structures Differential Thermal Analysis Chemical Composition X-Ray Diffraction Kaolinite Diag.nesis Smectite

Adsorption Behavior of Acid-Leached Clays in Bleaching.of Oil

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2015年第6期6卷 495-512页

作者： I. Z. Mukasa-Tebandeke P. J. M. Ssebuw.fu S. A. Nyanzi g. w. nyakairu M. Ntale F. Lug.lobi Schumann Andreas Department of Chemistry Makerere University Kampala Uganda Department of Earth Sciences Wesleyan University Middletown USA Department of g.olog. Makerere University Kampala Uganda

The available data have show. that acid-leached clays had sites for adsorption of impurities in oils. Data obtained on residual impurities in cotton and sunflow.r-seed oils bleached w.th the same clay materials produced linear Lang.uir and Freundlich isotherms. The increase in constant, k w.th increase in both temperature of thermal activation and concentration of acid used to leach the clay, sug.ests that bleaching.efficiency increased. The value of n decreased w.th increase in temperature of activation and concentration of acid used to leach the clay sug.esting.that bleaching.capacity increased. The mineral compositions of the clays influenced their surface, structural and bleaching.properties.

关键词： Adsorption Isotherms Bleaching Acid Activation Clays

Disting.ishing.Kaolinites and Smectite Clays from Central and Eastern Ug.nda Using.Acidity, pH, Colour and Composition

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2015年第1期6卷 58-70页

作者： I. Z. Mukasa-Tebandeke P. J. M. Ssebuw.fu S. A. Nyanzi A. Schumann M. Ntale g. w. nyakairu F. Lug.lobi Department of Chemistry Makerere University Kampala Uganda Department of g.olog. Makerere University Kampala Uganda Department of Earth Sciences Wesleyan University Middletown USA

The Lang.uir isotherms of 1-aminobutane in isohexane slurries show.d increase in clay acidity w.th increase in concentration of mineral acid used to leach the clay as w.ll as the temperature at w.ich the clay w.s thermally activated prior to experimentation involving.adsorption of 1-aminobutane. The values of acidity for Central Ug.nda w.re low.rang.ng.from 0.07 mol/g.to 0.32 mol/g.yet those for clays from Eastern Ug.nda w.re hig. rang.ng.from 0.1 mol/g.to 1.85 mol/g. Based on acidity, pH, elemental and mineral compositions, the clays from Central Ug.nda w.re found to be kaolinites or halloysites, yet Eastern Ug.nda clays w.re resolved to contain nontronite and kaolinite.

关键词： Surface Acidity Adsorption 1-Aminobutane pH Isotherms Kaolinite Smectite

Using.Trace Metals, Peroxide, Acid and Iodine Values to Characterize Oils Bleached Using.Clays from Central and Eastern Ug.nda

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2014年第17期5卷 1302-1312页

作者： Is’harq-Zubair Mukasa-Tebandeke Pancras John Mukasa Ssebuw.fu Steven A. Nyanzi Andreas Schumann g.org. w. nyakairu Festo Lug.lobi Department of Chemistry Makerere University Kampala Uganda Department of g.olog. Makerere University Kampala Uganda Department of Earth Sciences Wesleyan University Middletown CT USA

Bleaching.of edible oils is know. to alter the composition of oils as it removes impurities and certain food nutrients. The characteristics of bleached oil are strong.y related to type bleaching.medium, temperature at w.ich bleaching.is done and other factors. In this study, w. compare peroxide, free fatty acid, acid and iodine values, copper and iron content of bleached and crude oils to establish the characteristics of edible oils bleached using.smectite and kaolinite-rich clays. Oil industries spend larg. sums of money purchasing.bleaching.earths yet no country lacks natural clays w.ich can be developed to bleach oils. In Ug.nda alone more than US$ 700,000 is spent every month yet many clay deposits are unexploited. In this study, w. have documented trace metal composition, peroxide values, acid values, iodine values and free fatty acid content of bleached and unbleached cotton-seed and sunflow.r seed oils. The bleached oils w.re found to be fit for human use. Clays are either kaolinites or smectites, but the clays used to bleach edible oils are montmorillonites or bentonites. The decrease in content of iron in the bleached oils w.s hig.est for all oils bleached. The content of copper show.d the smallest chang.. The content of copper in cotton oils decreased from 0.5 ppm to 0.15 ppm using.Kajansi clay leached in 20% acid yet w.en Chelel clay leached under similar conditions w.s used decrease w.s from 0.5 to 0.1 ppm. The content of iron in sunflow.r oils bleached using.Kajansi clay leached in 20% acid decreased from 1.6 to 0.2 ppm yet that bleached w.th Chelel clay under similar conditions decreased to 0.1 ppm. The acid values show.d that the acidity in sunflow.r oils is larg.ly due to oleic acid as the averag. value for acids is in the rang. close to oleic acid, cotton-seed oil corresponded to linoleic acid. The levels of free fatty acid w.re found to lie in rang. from 3.8 - 3.2 for all clays used show.ng.no sig.ificant rise. The peroxide values of bleached oils

关键词： Bleached Oil Clays Trace Metals Peroxide Iodine