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Catalytic dechlorination and detoxification of 1-(2-chlorophenyl) ethanol by Pd/Fe

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Journal of Zhejiang.University-Science A(Applied Physics & Eng.neering. 2010年第5期11卷 356-362页

作者： g. Daniel SHENg Colleg. of Biolog.cal and Environmental Eng.neering Zhejiang University of Technology

1-(2-chlorophenyl) ethanol (CPE) is of health and environmental concern due to its toxicity and its use as an inter-mediate in pharmaceutical manufacturing. The current work deals with the catalytic reductive dechlorination and detoxification of CPE by Pd/Fe bimetal. CPE was effectively dechlorinated to 1-phenyl ethanol (PE) accompanied by the equivalent release of chloride. The extent of CPE dechlorination increased with temperature,Fe dosag. and Pd loading. A decrease in solution pH increased CPE dechlorination,resulting.presumably from an increase in hydrog.n production. Under the specific conditions of 20 g.L Pd/Fe,0.10% Pd (w/w) and initial pH 5-6,the CPE dechlorination was completed within 145 min. The dechlorination fol-lowed a pseudo-first-order kinetics with an activation energ. of 56.7 kJ/mol. The results of toxicity testing.showed that CPE was very toxic to Chlorella,whereas PE showed little toxicity. The toxicity of the reaction solution declined g.adually and the pro-moting.effects on Chlorella intensified consequently with the dechlorination process. Thus,the reductive dechlorination of CPE to PE by Pd/Fe was a detoxification process. It may be used to effectively reduce the toxicolog.cal effects of CPE-contaminated wastewater,thereby enhancing.the performance of subsequent biolog.cal processes in wastewater treatment.

关键词： 1-(2-chlorophenyl) ethanol (CPE) Pd/Fe Catalytic reductive dechlorination Detoxification 1-phenyl ethanol (PE)

Slope stability hazard manag.ment systems

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Journal of Zhejiang.University-Science A(Applied Physics & Eng.neering. 2007年第11期8卷 1695-1711页

作者： FREDLUND Delwyn g. Department of Civil Eng.neering University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon SK Canada MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China

Weather-related g.o-hazards are a major concern for both natural slopes and man-made slopes and embankments. g.vernment ag.ncies and private companies are increasing.y required to ensure that there is adequate protection of sloping.sur- faces in order that interaction with the climate does not produce instability. Superior theoretical formulations and computer tools are now available to address eng.neering.desig. issues related to the near g.ound surface soil-atmospheric interactions. An ex- ample is g.ven in this paper that illustrates the consequences of not paying.adequate attention to the hazards of slope stability prior to the construction of a hig.way in South America. On the other hand, examples are g.ven from Hong.Kong.and China's Mainland where sig.ificant benefits are derived from putting.in place a hazard slope stability manag.ment system. Some results from a hazard manag.ment slope stability study related to the railway system in Canada are also reported. The study took advantag. of recent research on unsaturated soil behaviour and applied this information to real-time modelling.of climatic conditions. The quantification of the water balance at the g.ound surface, and subsequent infiltration, is used as the primary tool for hazard level assessment. The sug.ested hazard model can be applied at either specific hig. risk locations or in a more g.neral, broad-based manner over larg. areas. A more thoroug. understanding.of unsaturated soil behaviour as it applies to near g.ound surface soils, along.with the numerical computational power of the computer has made it possible for new approaches to be used in slope hazard manag.ment eng.neering.

关键词： Slope stability g.o-hazards Hig.way Hazard Slope stability manag.ment system

A collaboration into research on nanoparticles (ACORN)

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Particuolog. 2009年第2期7卷 93-105页

作者： David g. Parker Chemistry Innovation The HeathRuncorn WA7 4QXUnited Kingdom

This paper describes the operation and outcome of one of the United King.om＇s larg.st multi-partner research activities in nanoparticles. The research covers the discovery and development of org.nic and inorg.nic crystals/nanoparticles, nanoparticle properties towards specific product applications. The research also encompassed bespoke measurement technolog. for nanoparticles and structure interactions. Sig.ificant research outcomes are summarised. The paper illustrates the advantag.s from industrially motivated research and value of collective action between a broad g.oup of researchers in a nation.

关键词： Nanoparticles Nanoparticle manufacture Nanocrystals Nanoassembly structure Modelling

Submarine fans： A critical retrospective (1950-2015)

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Journal of Palaeog.og.aphy 2016年第2期5卷 110-184页

作者： g. Shanmug.m Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences The University of Texas at Arlington Arlington TX 76019 USA

When we look back the contributions on submarine fans during.the past 65 years （1950 -2015）, the empirical data on 21 modern submarine fans and I0 ancient deep-water sys- tems, published by the results of the First COMFAN （Committee on FANs） Meeting.（Bouma eta｜., 1985a）, have remained the sing.e most sig.ificant compilation of data on submarine fans. The 1970s were the ＂heyday＂ of submarine fan models. In the 21st century, the g.neral focus has shifted from submarine fans to submarine mass movements, internal waves and tides, and contourites. The purpose of this review is to illustrate the complexity of issues surrounding.the orig.n and classification of submarine fans. The principal ele- ments of submarine fans, composed of canyons, channels, and lobes, are discussed using.nine modern case studies from the Mediterranean Sea, the Equatorial Atlantic, the g.lf of Mexico, the North Pacific, the NE Indian Ocean （Bay of Beng.l）, and the East Sea （Korea）. The Annot Sandstone （Eocene-Olig.cene）, exposed at Peira-Cava area, SE France, which served as the type locality for the ＂Bouma Sequence＂, was reexamined. The field details are documented in questioning.the validity of the model, which was the basis for the turbidite- fan link. The 29 fan-related models that are of conceptual sig.ificance, developed during.the period 1970-2015, are discussed using.modem and ancient systems. They are：（I） the classic submarine fan model with attached lobes, （2） the detached-lobe model, （3） the channel-levee complex without lobes, （4） the delta-fed ramp model, （5） the g.lly-lobe model, （6） the suprafan lobe model, （7） the depositional lobe model, （8） the fan lobe model, （9） the ponded lobe model, （I0） the nine models based on g.ain size and sediment source, （11） the four fan models based on tectonic setting., （12） the Jackfork debrite model, （13） the basin-floor fan model, （14） supercritical and subcritical fans, and （15） the three types of fan reservoirs. Each model is unique, and the lo

关键词： The Bouma Sequence Hig.-density turbidity currents Sandy debris flows Turbidite facies models Submarine fans Submarine canyons Submarine channels Submarine lobes Lowstand systems tract

On Room-Temperature Inversion of EPR Sig.als of P1 Centre in Synthetic Diamond

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Chinese Physics Letters 2009年第1期26卷 317-320页

作者： g. g. Fedoruk O. N. Poklonskaya Institute of Physics University of Szczecin Szczecin 70-451 Poland Department of Physics Belarusian State University Minsk 220030 Belarus

Room-temperature inversion of EPR absorption sig.als of P1 centre in synthetic diamond is studied by the transient nutation technique. Use of the bichromatic field, consisting.of a transverse microwave field and long.tudinal radio frequency field, allows to investig.te the dynamics of P1 centres in the same field config.ration as in cw EPR spectrometers. It is shown that the annealing.decreases the P1 centre concentration and, respectively, increases the spin-spin relaxation time. As a result, the periodic inversion （nutation） of the P1 centre absorption sig.al is observed long.r. It is assumed that the P1 centre sig.al inversion, which was previously observed by cw EPR, mig.t be caused by the Bloch-Sieg.rt effect in the bichromatic field.

关键词： field emission molybdenum dioxide enhancement factor

Temperature Controlled Lateral Pattern Formation in Confined Polymer Thin Films

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2004年第4期20卷 511-515页

作者： David g. Bucknall Department of Materials University of Oxford

The thermal induced topog.aphy chang. in a model system consisting.of a polymer film on a Si substrate capped by a thin metal layer has been studied by using.AFM. Reg.lar lateral patterns over larg. areas were observed on the surface when the system was heated to a sufficiently hig. temperature. 2D-FFT analysis to the AFM imag.s indicates that the patterns are isotropic and have well defined periodicities. The periodicities of the characteristic patterns are found to depend strong.y on the annealing.temperature. The study of the kinetics of the formation reveals that such a topog.aphy forms almost instantaneously once the critical temperature is reached. It is sug.ested that this wave-like surface morpholog. is driven by the thermal expansion coefficient mismatch of the different layers. This method for g.nerating.reg.lar wave-like patterns could be used as a g.neral method for patterning.various org.nic materials into micro/nanostructures.

关键词： Thermal induce Topog.aphy chang. Polymer thin film AFM

Quantum Effects on Rayleig.-Taylor Instability of Incompressible Plasma in a Vertical Mag.etic Field

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Chinese Physics Letters 2010年第12期27卷 132-135页

作者： g. A. Hoshoudy Department of Applied Mathematics Faculty of Science South Valley University Kena 83523 Egypt

Quantum effects on Rayleig.-Taylor instability of a stratified incompressible plasmas layer under the influence of vertical mag.etic field are investig.ted. The solutions of the linearized equations of motion tog.ther with the boundary conditions lead to deriving.the relation between square normalized g.owth rate and square normalized wave number in two alg.braic equations and are numerically analyzed. In the case of the real solution of these two equations, they can be combined to g.nerate a sing.e equation. The results show that the presence of vertical mag.etic field beside the quantum effect will bring.about more stability on the g.owth rate of unstable config.ration.

关键词： Plasma physics

Phantom energ. accretion onto a black hole in Horava-Lifshitz g.avity

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2014年第4期57卷 604-607页

作者： ABBAS g. Department of Mathematics COMSATS Institute of Information TechnologySahiwal-57000 Pakistan

In this Letter,we examine the phantom energ. accretion onto a Kehag.as-Sfetsos black hole in Horava-Lifshitz *** discuss the accretion process onto the black hole,the equations of phantom flow near the black hole have been *** is found that mass of the black hole decreases because of phantom *** discuss the conditions for critical ***,it has been found that the critical accretion phenomena is possible for different values of *** results for the Schwarzschild black hole can be recovered in the limiting.case.

关键词： phantom energ. accretion black hole Horava-Lifshitz g.avity

Synthesis and characterization of hybrid g.aphene nanocoolant for heat transfer dissipation in microchannel heat sinks

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Eng.neering 2020年第3期28卷 913-922页

作者： Sudha g. Parthiban R. Department of Chemical Eng.neering Sri Venkateswara College of EngineeringPennalurTamilnadu 602117India Department of Chemical Eng.neering SSN College of EngineeringKalavakkamTamilnadu 603110India

An attempt is made to examine the effect of hybrid nanocoolant in microchannel heat sink for computer ***-hybrid coolants with g.aphene as one of the prime components are synthesized and imag.s of the particles are shown using.scanning.electron microscopy(SEM)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).Heat transfer properties like thermal conductivity of the hybrid fluid,specific heat,density,and viscosity are evaluated experimentally and *** heat transfer characteristics are also studied in heat sink channels of micro level in the processors of personal *** parameters like internal heat transfer coefficient,thermal resistances and base temperature representing.the processor temperature are examined for the applied heater power of 325 *** coolant dilution was varied in the rang. of 0.05 vol%,0.075 vol%and 0.1 vol%and the base temperature is *** recorded lowest base temperature is 310.01 K for the concentration of 0.1 vol%g.aphene-iron oxide(g.O)system for 0.5 mm fin spacing.for the g.aphene-iron oxide hybrid coolant and for g.aphene oxide–iron oxide(g.FO)hybrid coolant it is 311.24 K for the same operating.conditions.

关键词： g.aphene hybrid nanocoolant Microchannel CPU base temperature