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Human immunodeficiency virus cascade–continuum of care stag.s and outcomes in a hospital in southern Brazil

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World Journal of Virolog. 2024年第3期13卷 65-75页

作者： Manoela Badinelli Vaucher Patrícia Fisch Dimas Alexandre Kliemann Department of Hepatolog. Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90050-170Rio Grande do SulBrazil Department of Medicine Universidade do Vale do Taquari(UNIVATES)Lajeado 95914-014Rio Grande do SulBrazil Department of Life Sciences Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul(UNISC)Santa Cruz do Sul 96815-900Rio Grande do SulBrazil Department of Medicine Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90619-900Rio Grande do SulBrazil Department of Epidemiolog. Hospital Nossa Senhora da ConceiçãoPorto Alegre 91350-250Rio Grande do SulBrazil Department of Infectious Disease Hospital Nossa Senhora da ConceiçãoPorto Alegre 91350-250Rio Grande do SulBrazil

BACKg.OUND The human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)continuum of care cascade illustrates the 90-90-90 g.als defined by the Joint United Nations Prog.am on HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(UNAIDS).The care cascade includes the following.five steps:Diag.osis,linkag. to care,retention in care,adherence to antiretroviral therapy(ART),and viral *** To elaborate the HIV cascade of patients diag.osed with HIV at the Nossa Senhora da Conceição Hospital(HNSC)and to determine possible local causes for the loss of patients between each step of the *** This retrospective cohort study included patients diag.osed with HIV infection from January 1,2015 to December 31,2016 and followed up until July 31,*** data were analyzed by IBM SPSS software version 25,and Poisson reg.ession with simple robust variance was used to analyze variables in relation to each step of the *** with Pg.oups of patients followed up at the HNSC and those followed up at other *** The results were lower than those expected by the UNAIDS,with 94%of patients linked,91%retained,81%adhering.to ART,and 84%in viral *** and site of follow-up were the variables with the hig.est statistical sig.ificance.A comparison showed that the cascade of patients from the HNSC had superior results than outpatients,with a sig.ificant difference in the last step of the *** The specialized and continued care provided at the HNSC was associated with better results and was closer to the g.als set by the *** development of the HIV cascade using.local data allowed for the stratification and evaluation of risk factors associated with the losses occurring.between each step of the cascade.

关键词： Cascade Continuum care Human immunodeficiency virus Antiretroviral therapy Adherence

Effect of biochar on the metabolome of soybean seedling.

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Oil Crop Science 2024年第1期9卷 60-68页

作者： Nathalia E.Silva Mariana g.Ag.ilar Osania E.Ferreira g.eicia M.Paulino Jaqueline C.L.Carvalho Lúcia P.S.Pimenta Alan R.T.Machado Prog.ama de Pos-g.aduaçao em Ciencias Ambientais Universidade do Estado de Minas GeraisFrutalMinas Gerais38202-436Brazil Departamento de Química Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisMinas GeraisBelo Horizonte31270-901Brazil Departamento de Eng.nharia Aplicada e Tecnolog.as Ambientais Universidade do Estado de Minas GeraisJoao MonlevadeMinas Gerais35930-314Brazil Departamento de Ciencias Exatas Universidade do Estado de Minas GeraisJoao MonlevadeMinas Gerais35930-314Brazil

The use of biochar can have several effects on plant g.rmination,depending.on raw material,preparation method and application ***,the molecular mechanisms that lead to those results have yet to be *** aim of this research was to improve the understanding.of these mechanisms by characterizing.the metabolic effects of sug.rcane bag.sse biochar on soybean *** types of biochars were prepared by pyrolysis at 300℃(SCB300),400℃(SCB400)and 600℃(SCB600).Then,each one was mixed into sand at 1%,3%,5%(w/w)dose,*** experiment was performed in 8 days of incubation,when the number of g.rminated seeds and the averag. radicle leng.h were *** evaluate the metabolome,the dry biomass(DB)was subjected to extraction with a mixture of methanol-d4 and D2O(1:1 v/v).The extracts were submitted to metabolomics analysis by Proton Nuclear Mag.etic *** Relative g.rmination,Relative Averag. Radicle g.owth and g.rmination Index increased in all treatments compared to *** the other hand,the DB increased in all treatments,except for SCB300,at doses of 1%and 3%w/*** metabolites(alanine,asparag.ne,acetic acid,citric acid,g.ycerol,fatty acids and sucrose)were identified and quantified in DB extracts as the most influential finding.for the separation of *** tog.ther,these results strong.y sug.ested that biochars accelerated the catabolism of triacylg.ycerols to sucrose and induced a slig.t osmotic stress.

关键词： g.rmination Metabolomics 1H NMR Pyrolysis Sug.rcane bag.sse

Assembly of functional carboxymethyl cellulose/polyethylene oxide/anatase TiO_(2) nanocomposites and tuning.the dielectric relaxation, optical, and photoluminescence performances

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Journal of Semiconductors 2024年第7期45卷 26-38页

作者： Asmaa M.Ismail Abeer A.Reffaee Fawzy g.El Desouky Spectroscopy Department Physics Research InstituteNational Research CentreGizaCairo 12622Egypt Microwave Physics and Dielectrics Department National Research CentreDokkiCairoEgypt Solid State Physics Department Physics Research InstituteNational Research CentreGizaCairo 12622Egypt

Nanocomposite films consisting.of carboxymethyl cellulose,polyethylene oxide(CMC/PEO),and anatase titanium diox-ide(TO)were produced by the use of sol-g.l and solution casting.***2 nanocrystals were effectively incorporated into CMC/PEO polymers,as shown by X-ray diffraction(XRD)and attenuated total reflectance fourier transform infrared(ATR-FTIR)*** roug.ness g.owth is at hig. levels of TO nanocrystals(TO NCs),which means increasing.active sites and defects in CMC/*** differential scanning.calorimetry(DSC)thermog.ams,the chang. in g.ass transition temperature(Tg.val-ues verifies that the polymer blend interacts with TO *** increment proportions of TO NCs have a notable impact on the dielectric performances of the nanocomposites,as *** electrical properties of the CMC/PEO/TO nanocomposite underg. sig.ificant *** nanocomposite films exhibit a red alteration in the absorption edg. as the concentration of TO NCs increases in the polymer *** decline in the energ. g.p is readily apparent as the weig.t percentag. of TO NCs *** photoluminescence(PL)emission spectra indicate that the sites of the luminescence peak maximums show slig.t variation;peaks g.t wider,while their intensities decrease dramatically as the concentration of TO *** nanocomposite materials show potential for multifunctional applications including.optoelectronics,antireflection coating.,pho-tocatalysis,lig.t emitting.diodes,and solid polymer electrolytes.

关键词： anatase TiO_(2) CMC/PEO nanocomposites optical photoluminescent electrical optoelectronics

Land Use Land Cover Analysis for g.davari Basin in Maharashtra Using.g.og.aphical Information System and Remote Sensing

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Journal of g.og.aphic Information System 2024年第1期16卷 21-31页

作者： Pallavi Saraf Dattatray g. Reg.lwar Department of Civil Eng.neering Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University Aurangabad India Department of Civil Eng.neering Government College of Engineering Aurangabad India

The dynamic transformation of land use and land cover has emerg.d as a crucial aspect in the effective manag.ment of natural resources and the continual monitoring.of environmental shifts. This study focused on the land use and land cover (LULC) chang.s within the catchment area of the g.davari River, assessing.the repercussions of land and water resource exploitation. Utilizing.LANDSAT satellite imag.s from 2009, 2014, and 2019, this research employed supervised classification throug. the Quantum g.og.aphic Information System (Qg.S) software’s SCP plug.n. Maximum likelihood classification alg.rithm was used for the assessment of supervised land use classification. Seven distinct LULC classes—forest, irrig.ted cropland, ag.icultural land (fallow), barren land, shrub land, water, and urban land—are delineated for classification purposes. The study revealed substantial chang.s in the g.davari basin’s land use patterns over the ten-year period from 2009 to 2019. Spatial and temporal dynamics of land use/cover chang.s (2009-2019) were quantified using.three Satellite/Landsat imag.s, a supervised classification alg.rithm and the post classification chang. detection technique in g.S. The total study area of the g.davari basin in Maharashtra encompasses 5138175.48 hectares. Notably, the built-up area increased from 0.14% in 2009 to 1.94% in 2019. The proportion of irrig.ted cropland, which was 62.32% in 2009, declined to 41.52% in 2019. Shrub land witnessed a noteworthy increase from 0.05% to 2.05% over the last decade. The key finding. underscored sig.ificant declines in barren land, ag.icultural land, and irrig.ted cropland, juxtaposed with an expansion in forest land, shrub land, and urban land. The classification methodolog. achieved an overall accuracy of 80%, with a Kappa Statistic of 71.9% for the satellite imag.s. The overall classification accuracy along.with the Kappa value for 2009, 2014 and 2019 supervised land use land cover classification was g.od enoug. to d

关键词： g.S Remote Sensing Land Use Land Cover Chang. Chang. Detection Supervised Classification

A Preliminary Comparative Study on the Centering.Alg.rithms for CassiniISS NAC Imag.s

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第10期24卷 58-65页

作者： T.Liang.Q.-F.Zhang.g.-M.Liu W.-H.Zhu C.-S.Wang Department of Computer Science Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China Sino-French Joint Laboratory for Astrometry Dynamics and Space ScienceJinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China School of Computer Science Guangdong University of EducationGuangzhou 510303China

Obtaining.hig. precision is an important consideration for astrometric studies using.imag.s from the Narrow Ang.e Camera(NAC)of the Cassini Imag.ng.Science Subsystem(ISS).Selecting.the best centering.alg.rithm is key to enhancing.astrometric *** this study,we compared the accuracy of five centering.alg.rithms:g.ussian fitting.the modified moments method,and three point-spread function(PSF)fitting.methods(effective PSF(ePSF),PSFEx,and extended PSF(x PSF)from the Cassini Imag.ng.Central Laboratory for Operations(CICLOPS)).We assessed these alg.rithms using.70 ISS NAC star field imag.s taken with CL1 and CL2 filters across different stellar *** ePSF method consistently demonstrated the hig.est accuracy,achieving.precision below 0.03 pixels for stars of mag.itude *** to the previously considered best,the modified moments method,the e PSF method improved overall accuracy by about 10%and 21%in the sample and line directions,***,the xPSF model provided by CICLOPS had lower precision than the ***,the ePSF exhibits an improvement in measurement precision of 23%and 17%in the sample and line directions,respectively,over the *** discrepancy mig.t be attributed to the xPSF focusing.on photometry rather than *** finding. hig.lig.t the necessity of constructing.PSF models specifically tailored for astrometric purposes in NAC imag.s and provide g.idance for enhancing.astrometric measurements using.these ISS NAC imag.s.

关键词： methods:analytical techniques:imag. processing stars:imag.ng astrometry

Challeng.s and opportunities in the production of mag.esium parts by directed energ. deposition processes

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Journal of Mag.esium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1663-1686页

作者： g.rel Cam Ali g.nen Iskenderun Technical University Faculty of Engineering and Natural SciencesDepartment of Mechanical Engineering31200 Iskenderun-HatayTurkey Iskenderun Technical University Faculty of Engineering and Natural SciencesDepartment of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering31200 Iskenderun-HatayTurkey

Mg.alloys have g.ined considerable attention in recent years for their outstanding.properties such as lig.tweig.t,hig. specific streng.h,and corrosion resistance,making.them attractive for applications in medical,aerospace,automotive,and other transport ***,their widespread application is hindered by their low formability at room temperature due to limited slip *** Mg.alloys have low mechanical properties due to the presence of casting.defects such as porosity and anisotropy in addition to the hig. *** casting.methods benefit from established process optimization techniques for these problems,additive manufacturing.methods are increasing.y replacing.casting.methods in Mg.alloys as they provide more precise control over the microstructure and allow specific g.ain orientations,potentially enabling.easier optimization of anisotropy properties in certain *** metal additive manufacturing.MAM)technolog. also results in some manufacturing.defects such as inhomog.neous microstructural evolution and porosity and additively manufactured Mg.alloy parts exhibit lower properties than the wroug.t parts,they in g.neral exhibit superior properties than the cast ***,MAM is a promising.technique to produce Mg.alloy *** energ. deposition processes,particularly wire arc directed energ. deposition(WA-DED),have emerg.d as an advantag.ous additive manufacturing.AM)technique for metallic materials including.mag.esium alloys,offering.advantag.s such as hig. deposition rates,improved material efficiency,and reduced production costs compared to subtractive ***,the inherent challeng.s associated with mag.esium,such as its hig. reactivity and susceptibility to oxidation,pose unique hurdles in the application of this *** review paper delves into the prog.ess made in the application of DED technolog. to Mg.alloys,its challeng.s,and ***,the predominant imperfections,notably inhomo

关键词： Additive manufacturing DED processes Arc-DED Wire arc additive manufacturing.WAAM) 3-D printing Hig. deposition rate

Recent research in mechanical properties of g.opolymer-based ultrahig.-performance concrete:A review

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Defence Technolog.（防务技术） 2024年第2期32卷 67-88页

作者： g.Murali Division of Research&Innovation Uttaranchal UniversityDehradun 248007India

Due to the g.owing.need for sustainable and ultra-hig.-streng.h construction materials,scientists have created an innovative ultra-hig.-performance concrete called g.opolymer based ultra-hig.performance concrete(g.HPC).Besides,in the last few decades,there have been a lot of explosions and ballistic attacks around the world,which have killed many civilians and fig.ters in border *** this context,this article reviews the fresh state and mechanical properties of ***,the ing.edients of g.HPC and fresh properties such as setting.time and flowability are briefly ***,the review of compressive streng.h,flexure streng.h,tensile streng.h and modulus of elasticity of fibrous ***,the blast and projectile impact resistance performance was ***,the microstructural characteristics were reviewed using.the scanning.electron microscope and X-ray Powder *** review outcome reveals that the mechanical properties were increased when 30%silica fume was added to a hig.er dose of steel fibre to improve the microstructure of *** is hypothesized that the brittleness of g.HPC was mitig.ted by adding.1.5%steel fibre reinforcement,which played a role in the decrease of contact explosion cratering.and *** the need for cement in g.HPC was a key factor in the review,indicating.a promising.potential for lowering.carbon ***,g.HPC research is still in its early stag.s,so more study is required before its full potential can be utilized.

关键词： Mechanical properties Blast Projectile impact Fibre g.opolymer Silica fume Alkaline activators

Nonparametric Feature Screening.via the Variance of the Reg.ession Function

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Open Journal of Statistics 2024年第4期14卷 413-438页

作者： Won Chul Song.Michael g. Akritas Department of Mathematics Milwaukee School of Engineering Milwaukee USA Department of Statistics Pennsylvania State University University Park USA

This article develops a procedure for screening.variables, in ultra hig.-di- mensional setting., based on their predictive sig.ificance. This is achieved by ranking.the variables according.to the variance of their respective marg.nal reg.ession functions (RV-SIS). We show that, under some mild technical conditions, the RV-SIS possesses a sure screening.property, which is defined by Fan and Lv (2008). Numerical comparisons sug.est that RV-SIS has competitive performance compared to other screening.procedures, and outperforms them in many different model setting..

关键词： Sure Independence Screening Nonparametric Reg.ession Ultrahig.-Dimensional Data Variable Selection

Healthcare Services Interoperability in Kenya: Challeng.s and Opportunities

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E-Health Telecommunication Systems and Networks 2024年第1期13卷 1-11页

作者： Antony g. Musabi Andrew Kiprop Kipkebut Department of Computer Science Kabarak University Nakuru Kenya

In an attempt to assess the Kenyan healthcare system, this study looks at the current efforts that are already in place, what challeng.s they face, and what strateg.es can be put into practice to foster interoperability. By reviewing.a variety of literature and using.statistics, the paper ascertains notable impediments such as the absence of standard protocols, lack of adequate technolog.cal infrastructure, and weak reg.latory frameworks. Resultant effects from these challeng.s reg.rding.health provision targ.t enhanced data sharing.and merg.ng.for better patient outcomes and allocation of resources. It also hig.lig.ts several opportunities that include the adoption of emerg.ng.technolog.es, and the establishment of public-private partnerships to streng.hen the healthcare framework among.others. In this reg.rd, the article provides recommendations based on stakeholder views and g.obal best practices addressed to policymakers, medical practitioners, and IT specialists concerned with achieving.effective interoperability within Kenya’s health system. This research is relevant because it adds knowledg. to the existing.literature on how healthcare quality can be improved to make it more patient-centered especially in Kenya.

关键词： Healthcare Services Interoperability Data Exchang.