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Diversity,population structure and regeneration status of arboreal species in the four sacred groves of Kushalnagar,Karnataka

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Journal of Forestry Research 2017年第2期28卷 357-370页

作者： Shwetha Bharathi A.g.Devi prasad Department of Studies in Environmental Science Universityof MysoreManasagangotriMysoreKamataka 70 006India

Assessment of tree species diversity, structure and regeneration status of four sacred groves of Kushalnagar,southern Karnataka was carried out. The random quadrat method was employed in each grove for enumeration of tree diversity and regeneration status. A total of 98 tree species belonging to 38 families were found from the sampled *** groves possess higher diversity and basal area. Some67 % of species have shown regeneration, while 17 % of species had no regeneration. Another 15 % of species were reappearing or immigrating. It is observed that increased disturbance was directly proportional to number of reappearing or immigrating species and inversely proportional to the diversity in all the sacred groves. Significant impact on diversity, species richness and regeneration status of the flora due to manifold anthropogenic activities have been recorded.

关键词： regeneration grove disturbance anthropogenic quadrat Regeneration forests sampled manifold Family

Crustal structure and sedimentation history over the Alleppey platform, southwest continental margin of India:Constraints from multichannel seismic and gravity data

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geoscience Frontiers 2018年第2期9卷 549-558页

作者： P.Unnikrishnan M.Radhakrishna g.K.prasad Department of Earth Sciences Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Flat 3 "Muruga Kripa"

The Alleppey Platform is an important morphological feature located in the Kerala-Konkan basin off the southwest coast of India. In the present study, seismic reflection data available in the basin were used to understand the sedimentation history and also to carry out integrated gravity interpretation. Detailed seismic reflection data in the basin reveals that:(1) the Alleppey Platform is associated with a basement high in the west of its present-day geometry(as observed in the time-structure map of the Trap Top(K/T boundary)),(2) the platform subsequently started developing during the Eocene period and attained the present geometry by the Miocene and,(3) both the Alleppey platform and the Vishnu fracture zone have had significant impact on the sedimentation patterns(as shown by the time-structure and the isochron maps of the major sedimentary horizons in the region). The 3-D sediment gravity effect computed from the sedimentary layer geometry was used to construct the crustal Bouguer anomaly map of the *** 3-D gravity inversion of crustal Bouguer anomaly exhibits a Moho depression below the western border of the platform and a minor rise towards the east which then deepens again below the Indian shield. The 2-D gravity modelling across the Alleppey platform reveals the geometry of crustal extension,in which there are patches of thin and thick crust. The Vishnu Fracture Zone appears as a crustal-scale feature at the western boundary of the Alleppey platform. Based on the gravity model and the seismic reflection data, we suggest that the basement high to the west of the present day Alleppey platform remained as a piece of continental block very close to the mainland with the intervening depression filling up with sediments during the rifting. In order to place the Alleppey platform in the overall perspective of tectonic evolution of the Kerala-Konkan basin, we propose its candidature as a continental fragment.

关键词： gravity Seismic reflection Alleppey platform Rifting Continental fragments Western continental margin of India

Recent advances in new-onset diabetes mellitus after kidney transplantation

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World Journal of Diabetes 2021年第5期12卷 541-555页

作者： Tess Montada-Atin g V Ramesh prasad Kidney Transplant Program St.Michael's HospitalToronto M5C 2T2OntarioCanada Department of Medicine University of TorontoToronto M5C 2T2Canada

A common challenge in managing kidney transplant recipients(KTR)is posttransplant diabetes mellitus(PTDM)or diabetes mellitus(DM)newly diagnosed after transplantation,in addition to known pre-existing *** is an important risk factor for post-transplant cardiovascular(CV)disease,which adversely affects patient survival and quality of *** disease in KTR may manifest as ischemic heart disease,heart failure,and/or left ventricular *** therapies for PTDM include most agents currently used to treat type 2 *** recently,the use of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors(SgLT2i),glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists(gLP-1 RA),and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors(DPP4i)has cautiously extended to KTR with PTDM,even though KTR are typically excluded from large general population clinical *** evidence from observational studies seems to indicate that SgLT2i,gLP-1 RA,and DPP4i may be safe and effective for glycemic control in KTR,but their benefit in reducing CV events in this otherwise high-risk population remains *** newer drugs must still be used with care due to the increased propensity of KTR for intravascular volume depletion and acute kidney injury due to diarrhea and their single-kidney status,pre-existing burden of peripheral vascular disease,urinary tract infections due to immunosuppression and a surgically altered urinary tract,erythrocytosis from calcineurin inhibitors,and reduced kidney function from acute or chronic rejection.

关键词： Cardiovascular disease glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists Kidney transplantation Oral antihyperglycemic drugs Post-transplant diabetes mellitus Sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors

Numerical investigations on HCCI engine with increased induction induced swirl and engine speed

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Journal of Central South University 2015年第10期22卷 3837-3848页

作者： T.Karthikeya Sharma g.Amba prasad Rao K.Madhu Murthy Department of Mechanical Engineering NIT

Homogeneous charge compression ignition(HCCI) mode of combustion is popularly known for achieving simultaneous reduction of NOx as well as soot emissions as it combines the compression ignition(CI) and spark ignition(SI) engine features. In this work, a CI engine was simulated to work in HCCI mode and was analyzed to study the effect of induction induced swirl under varying speeds using three-zone extended coherent flame combustion model(ECFM-3Z, compression ignition) of STAR-CD. The analysis was done considering speed ranging from 800 to 1600 r/min and swirl ratios from 1 to 4. The present study reveals that ECFM-3Z model has well predicted the performance and emissions of CI engine in HCCI mode. The simulation predicts reduced in-cylinder pressures, temperatures, wall heat transfer losses, and piston work with increase in swirl ratio irrespective of engine speed. Also, simultaneous reduction in CO2 and NOx emissions is realized with higher engine speeds and swirl ratios. Low speeds and swirl ratios are favorable for low CO2 emissions. It is observed that increase in engine speed causes a marginal reduction in in-cylinder pressures and temperatures. Also, higher turbulent energy and velocity magnitude levels are obtained with increase in swirl ratio, indicating efficient combustion necessitating no modifications in combustion chamber design. The investigations reveal a total decrease of 38.68% in CO2 emissions and 12.93% in NOx emissions when the engine speed increases from 800 to 1600 r/min at swirl ratio of 4. Also an increase of 14.16% in net work done is obtained with engine speed increasing from 800 to 1600 r/min at swirl ratio of 1. The simulation indicates that there is a tradeoff observed between the emissions and piston work. It is finally concluded that the HCCI combustion can be regarded as low temperature combustion as there is significant decrease in in-cylinder temperatures and pressures at higher speeds and higher swirl ratios.

关键词： HCCI engine ECFM-3Z swirl ratio emissions and performance

Control of peak pressures of an HCCI engine under varying swirl and operating parameters

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Frontiers in Energy 2016年第3期10卷 337-346页

作者： T. KARTHIKEYA SHARMA g. AMBA prasad RAO K. MADHU MURTHY Department of Mechanical Engineering NIT Warangal Warangal506004 India

The major advantages of homogeneous charge compression ignition （HCCI） are high efficiency in combination with low NOx-emissions. However, one of the major challenges with HCCI is the control of higher peak pressures which may damage the engine, limiting the HCCI engine life period. In this paper, an attempt is made to analyze computationally the effect of induction swirl in controlling the peak pressures of an HCCI engine under various operating parameters. A single cylinder 1.6 L reentrant piston bowl diesel engine is chosen. For computational analysis, the ECFM-3Z model of STAR - CD is considered because it is suitable for analyzing the combustion processes in SI and CI engines. As an HCCI engine is a hybrid version of SI and CI engines, the ECFM- 3Z model with necessary modifications is used to analyze the peak pressures inside the combustion chamber. The ECFM-3Z model for HCCI mode of combustion is validated with the existing literature to make sure that the results obtained are accurate. Numerical experiments are performed to study the effect of varying properties like speed of the engine, piston bowl geometry, exhaust gas recirculation （EgR） and equivalence ratio under different swirl ratios in controlling the peak pressures inside the combustion chamber. The results show that the swirl ratio has a considerable impact on controlling the peak pressures of HCCI engine. A reduction in peak pressures are observed with a swirl ratio of 4 because of reduced in cylinder temperatures. The combined effect of four operating parameters, i.e., the speed of the engine, piston bowl geometry, EgR, and equivalence ratio with swirl ratios suggest that lower intake temperatures, reentrant piston bowl, higher engine speeds and higher swirl ratios are favorable in controlling the peak pressures.

关键词： HCCI engine ECFM-3Z Swirl ratio peak pressures engine speed piston bowl geometry

Managing cardiovascular disease risk in South Asian kidney transplant recipients

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World Journal of Transplantation 2021年第6期11卷 147-160页

作者： g V Ramesh prasad Vaishnavi Bhamidi Kidney Transplant Program St.Michael's HospitalToronto M5C 2T2ONCanada

South Asians(SA)are at higher cardiovascular risk than other ethnic groups,and SA kidney transplant recipients(SA KTR)are no *** KTR experience increased major adverse cardiovascular events both early and late *** risk management should therefore begin well before *** candidates may require aggressive screening for pretransplant cardiovascular disease(CVD)due to their ethnicity and *** SA ethnicity during the pre-transplant evaluation may enable programs to better assess cardiovascular risk,thus allowing for earlier targeted periand post-transplant intervention to improve cardiovascular *** remains the most prominent post-transplant cardiovascular risk factor in SA *** also clusters with other metabolic syndrome components including lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,higher triglycerides,hypertension,and central obesity in this ***,metabolic syndrome,and obesity are all significant CVD risk factors in SA KTR,and contribute to increased insulin *** biomarkers such as adiponectin,apolipoprotein B,and lipoprotein(a)may be especially important to study in SA *** interventions to improve health behaviors involving diet and exercise may especially benefit SA ***,there are few interventional clinical trials specific to the SA population,and none are specific to SA *** all cases,understanding the nuances of managing SA KTR as a distinct post-transplant group,while still screening for and managing each CVD risk factor individually in all patients may help improve the long-term success of all kidney transplant programs catering to multi-ethnic populations.

关键词： Cardiovascular risk South Asians Diabetes Dyslipidemia Metabolic syndrome Health behavior Novel cardiovascular risk factors

Berger code based concurrent online self-testing of embedded processors

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Journal of Semiconductors 2018年第11期39卷 68-73页

作者： g.prasad Acharya M.Asha Rani Department of ECE Sree Nidhi Institute of Science and Technology Department of ECE JNTUH College of Engineering JNTUH University

We propose an approach to detect the temporary faults induced by an environmental phenomenon called single event upset(SEU). Berger code based self-checking checkers provides an online detection of faults in digital circuits as well as in memory arrays. In this work, a concurrent Berger code based online self-testable architecture is proposed and integrated in 32-bit DLX reduced instruction set computer(RISC) processor on a single silicon chip. The proposed concurrent test methodology is implemented and verified for various arithmetic and logical operations of the DLX processor. The FPgA implementation of the proposed design shows that a meager increase in hardware utilization facilitates online self-testing to detect temporary faults.

关键词： single event upset Berger code DLX RISC online testing

Mosaicing of multiplanar regions through autonomous navigation of off-the-shelf quadcopter

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IET Cyber-Systems and Robotics 2019年第3期1卷 81-92页

作者： Meghshyam g.prasad Sona Praneeth Akula Anirudh Vemula Sharat Chandran Department of Computer Science and Engineering IIT BombayIndia Robotics Institute Carnegie Mellon UniversityPA 15213USA

The real world is made up of multiplanar and curved *** such surfaces with an orthographic view using a handheld camera is tiring if the scene encompasses a view larger than the camera field of *** the scene is geographically beyond the reach of humans,or access to the scene is denied,it is not possible to take such a frontal view of the scene from handheld *** advent of inexpensive flying vehicles such as quadcopters enables the orthographic imaging of large surfaces for later analysis either for leisure or serious scientific ***,manual navigation of the quadcopter around such surfaces is tedious and results are not *** this paper,the authors present a method for autonomous navigation of a quadcopter for imaging multiplanar *** proposed method builds on the existing parallel tracking and mapping based approach to create an approximate sparse three-dimensional map of the input ***,the authors determine precise locations for obtaining videos for each bounded plane,and then autonomously manoeuver the quadcopter at these *** results in an end-to-end application for visualising scenes with an off-the-shelf quadcopter.

关键词： Mosaic autonomous shelf

Brazilin from Caesalpinia sappan heartwood and its pharmacological activities:A review

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2015年第6期8卷 421-430页

作者： Nilesh P Nirmal Mithun S Rajput Rangabhatla g.S.V.prasad Mehraj Ahmad Center for Nutrition and Food Sciences Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationUniversity of QueenslandHealth and Food Sciences PrecinctBlock 1039 Kessels RoadCoopers PlainsAcheifield Brisbane QLD 4108Australia Department of Medical Biochemistry.MgM Medical College Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technology Research group Nano Research for Advanced Materials Institute of Nutrition.Mahidol University 999 Phutthamonthon 4 Rd.SalayaNakhon Pathom-73170Thailand

Caesalpinia sappan L.(CS) is a plant of Leguminosae family,commonly known as Brazil or Sappan *** is distributed in Southeast Asia and its dried heartwood has been used as traditional ingredient of food or beverages and has a wide variety of medicinal *** extraction yield of CS wood was achieved with 95% ethanol for 2 *** constituent's investigation of sappan wood resulled in the isolation of various structural types of phenolic components including one xanihone,one coumarin,three chalcones,two flavones three homoisoflavonoids and ***[(6a S-cis)-7,11b-dihydrobcnz[b]indeno[1.2-d]pyran-3.6a.9.10(6H)- tetroll.a major and active compound found in CS *** of the folkloric uses of brazilin were validated by the scientific studies such as antioxidant,antibacterial,anti-inflammatory,***,vasorelaxant,hepatoproteetive and anti-acne *** heartwood extract is safe and did not produce any acute or subacute toxicity in both male and female *** is the safe natural compound having potential to develop as a medicinal compound with application in food,beverage,cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries to screen its clinical use in modern *** information gained could provide the important and potential approach for pharmaceutical researcher to implicate the knowledge of brazilin in the formulation of new drug and to reveal therapeutic and gaps requiring future research *** studies are needed to evaluate the potential application of brazilin as preservative and coloring agent in food processing industries.

关键词： Brazilin Caesalpinia sappan Extraction Heartwood Pharamcological activities