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Can fecal microbiota transplantation cure irritable bowel syndrome?

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2017年第22期23卷 4112-4120页

作者： Sofie Ingdam Halkjar Anders Watt Boolsen Stig günther Alice Hojer Christensen Andreas Munk Petersen Department of gastroenterology Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre Department of gastroenterology Aleris-Hamlet Hospitals Copenhagen Department of Clinical Microbiology Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen

To verify the utility of treatment with fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).METHODSWe searched EMBASE, Cochrane Library and PubMed in March, 2017. The reviewed literature was based on two systematic searches in each of the databases. The MeSH terms used were IBS and fecal microbiota transplantation and the abbreviations IBS and FMT. Reference lists from the articles were reviewed to identify additional pertinent *** total of six conference abstracts, one case report, one letter to the editor, and one clinical review were included. In the final analysis, treatment of 48 patients was evaluated. Treatment revealed an improvement in 58% of cases. The varying structure of the nine included studies must be taken into *** on FMT and IBS are too limited to draw sufficient conclusions. Standardized double blinded randomized clinical trials need to be carried out to evaluate the effect of FMT on IBS.

关键词： Fecal microbiota transplantation Microbiota Irritable bowel syndrome

Xiamen after 20 Years of Ecological Transformation

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China Today 2025年第1期74卷 66-68页

作者： ZACHARY g.LUNDQUIST 不详

The efforts Xiamen has made in ecological protection over the last 20 years have helped it become a beautiful and clean *** years ago,I had the opportunity to travel to the city of Xiamen in southeastern China’s Fujian ***,due to the fact that I was in a rush,I did not have the chance to see the whole *** memory of Xiamen was its pleasant climate and unforgettable beauty-I knew if I ever got the opportunity,I would revisit this *** years went by until I was able to return to this city *** emerging from the airport,I realized that I had grown older,while Xiamen was becoming increasingly youthful and *** exactly had given this city such vitality?

关键词： Ecological Xiamen Transformation

Uniform categorization of biocommunication in bacteria,fungi and plants

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World Journal of Biological Chemistry 2010年第5期1卷 160-180页

作者： günther Witzany Telos-Philosophische Praxis Vogelsangstrasse 18cA-5111-BuermoosAustria

This article describes a coherent biocommunication categorization for the kingdoms of bacteria,fungi and plants. The investigation further shows that,besides biotic sign use in trans-,inter-and intraorganismic communication processes,a common trait is interpretation of abiotic influences as indicators to generate an appropriate adaptive *** from being mechanistic interactions,communication processes within organisms and between organisms are sign-mediated ***-mediated interactions are the precondition for every cooperation and coordination between at least two biological agents such as cells,tissues,organs and *** of biocommunicative processes are chemical molecules in most *** signs that are used in a great variety of signaling processes follow syntactic(combinatorial) ,pragmatic(context-dependent) and semantic(contentspecific) *** three levels of semiotic rules are helpful tools to investigate communication processes throughout all organismic *** is not the aim to present the latest empirical data concerning communication in these three kingdoms but to present a unifying perspective that is able to interconnect transdisciplinary research on bacteria,fungi and plants.

关键词： Trans-organismic communicative competence Bacteria Fungi Plants

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: Risk factors, screening, and early detection

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2014年第32期20卷 11182-11198页

作者： Andrew E becker Yasmin g Hernandez Harold Frucht Aimee L Lucas Henry D. Janowitz Division of gastroenterology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY 10029 United States Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases Columbia University College New York NY 10032 United States

Pancreatic cancer is the fourth most common cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States, with over 38000 deaths in 2013. The opportunity to detect pancreatic cancer while it is still curable is dependent on our ability to identify and screen high-risk populations before their symptoms arise. Risk factors for developing pancreatic cancer include multiple genetic syndromes as well as modifiable risk factors. genetic conditions include hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome, Lynch Syndrome, familial adenomatous polyposis, Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome, familial atypical multiple mole melanoma syndrome, hereditary pancreatitis, cystic fibrosis, and ataxia-telangiectasia; having a genetic predisposition can raise the risk of developing pancreatic cancer up to 132-fold over the general population. Modifiable risk factors, which include tobacco exposure, alcohol use, chronic pancreatitis, diet, obesity, diabetes mellitus, as well as certain abdominal surgeries and infections, have also been shown to increase the risk of pancreatic cancer development. Several largevolume centers have initiated such screening protocols, and consensus-based guidelines for screening high-riskgroups have recently been published. The focus of this review will be both the genetic and modifiable risk factors implicated in pancreatic cancer, as well as a review of screening strategies and their diagnostic yields.

关键词： Pancreatic neoplasms Pancreas cancer screening genetic predisposition to disease Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome Lynch syndrome Peutz-Jeghers BRCA PALB2 p16 Pancreatitis

FRAMINg THE FINANCIAL THOUgHTS OF AENEAS TACTICUS: NEW APPROACHES OF THEORY TO ECONOMIC DISCOURSES IN ANTIQUITY

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Journal of Ancient Civilizations 2014年第1期29卷 77-86页

作者： Sven günther IHAC NENU Changchun

The recent and ongoing debate about the character of(not only)ancient economies reveals that the traditional rivalry between‘primitivist-substantivist’and‘modernist-formalist’views has defi nitely come to an end a... 详细信息

关键词： conscious shaping debate ancient institutions fram

Temperature Difference and Stack Plate Spacing Effects on Thermodynamic Performances of Standing-Wave Thermoacoustic Engines Driven by Cryogenic Liquids and Waste Heat

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Journal of Thermal Science 2022年第5期31卷 1434-1451页

作者： gUO Lixian ZHAO Dan becker Sid Department of Mechanical Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of CanterburyPrivate Bag 4800Christchurch8041New Zealand

The standing-wave thermoacoustic engines(TAE)are applied in practice to convert thermal power into acoustic one to generate electricity or to drive cooling *** there is a number of existing numerical researches that provides a design tool for predicting standing-wave TAE performances,few existing works that compare TAE driven by cryogenic liquids and waste heat,and optimize its performance by varying the stack plate *** present work is primarily concerned with the numerical investigation of the performance of TAEs driven by cryogenic liquids and waste *** this,three-dimensional(3-D)standing-wave TAE models are ***-and time-independence studies are conducted *** validations are then performed by comparing with the numerical results available in the *** validated model is then applied to simulate the standing-wave TAEs driven by the cryogenic liquids and the waste heat,as the temperature gradientΔT is *** is found that limit cycle oscillations in both systems are successfully generated and the oscillations amplitude is increased with increasedΔ*** is identified with acoustic streaming and the flow reversal occurring through the *** studied are then conducted between the cryogenic liquid-driven TAE and that driven by waste heat in the presence of the same temperature gradientΔ*** is shown that the limit cycle frequency of the cryogenic liquid system is 4.72%smaller and the critical temperatureΔT_(cri)=131 K is lower than that of the waste heat system(ΔT_(cri)=187 K).Furthermore,the acoustic power is increased by 31%and the energy conversion efficiency is found to increase by 0.42%.Finally,optimization studies on the stack plate spacing are conducted in TAE system driven by cryogenic *** is found that the limit cycle oscillation frequency is increased with the decreased ratio between the stack plate spacing and the heat penetration *** the ratio is set to between 2 and

关键词： thermoacoustic engine standing-wave cryogenic thermodynamics acoustical energy plate spacing heat transfer acoustic streaming

Bridging the gap between resonance and adiabaticity:a compact and highly tolerant vertical coupling structure

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Photonics Research 2022年第9期10卷 2081-2090页

作者： CHUNHUI YAO QIXIANg CHENg günther ROELKENS RICHARD PENTY Centre for Photonic Systems Electrical Engineering DivisionDepartment of EngineeringUniversity of CambridgeCambridge CB3 OFAUK Department of Information Technology(INTEC) Photonics Research GroupGhent University-imec9052 Ghent Belgium

We present a compact,highly tolerant vertical coupling structure,which can be a generic design that bridges the gap between conventional resonant couplers and adiabatic couplers for heterogeneously integrated *** show insights on relaxing the coupler alignment tolerance and provide a detailed design *** the use of a multisegmented inverse taper structure,our design allows a certain proportion of the odd supermode to be excited during the coupling process,which simultaneously facilitates high tolerance and *** a total length of 87μm,our coupler is almost threefold shorter than the state-of-the-art alignment-tolerant adiabatic couplers and outperforms them by demonstrating a more than 94%coupling efficiency(forg loss)with±1μm misalignment tolerance,which,to our best knowledge,is a new record for III-V-on-silicon vertical ***,our design has high tolerance to fabrication-induced structural deformation and ultrabroad *** features make it particularly suitable for building densely integrated III-V-onsilicon photonic circuits with commercially available microtransfer printing assembly *** proposed design can be widely adopted in various integration platforms.

关键词： coupling adiabatic structure

印尼新几内亚巴布亚省豕蛙属4新种(两栖纲:姬蛙科)(英文)

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动物学报 2008年第4期54卷 653-674页

作者： Rainer gnther Museum fr Naturkunde Humboldt-Universitt zu Berlin

姬蛙科豕蛙属(Choerophryne)已知5种,几乎都分布于新几内亚岛东部地区,已有物种的描述多基于较少数量的标本,由于标本贫乏,迄今无后续研究。本文针对采集于1998-2003年的50号标本,对该属进行了再研究,并描述了分布于新几内亚岛的巴布亚... 详细信息

姬蛙科豕蛙属(Choerophryne)已知5种,几乎都分布于新几内亚岛东部地区,已有物种的描述多基于较少数量的标本,由于标本贫乏,迄今无后续研究。本文针对采集于1998-2003年的50号标本,对该属进行了再研究,并描述了分布于新几内亚岛的巴布亚西北地区鲜为人知的4新种。与同属已知物种比较,新种的有效性得到来自形态、声谱以及分子数据的综合分析结果的支持。在新几内亚岛西部地区豕蛙属4新种中,至少有3种的种群密度很高,从而极大增加了对该属的了解。

关键词：两栖类无尾目姬蛙科豕蛙属新种形态生态声谱 mtDNA 新几内亚巴布亚

Mucin and phospholipids determine viscosity of gallbladder bile in patients with gallstones

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2001年第2期7卷 203-207页

作者： Dieter Jüngst Anna Niemeyer Iris Müller Benedikta Zündt günther Meyer Martin Wilhelmi Reginalddel Pozo Departments of Medicine II and Surgery Klinikum GrosshadernLudwig Maximilians-University MunichMunichGermany and Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Católica de la Santísima ConcepciónConcepciónChile

AIM: An increased viscosity of gallbladder bile has been considered an important factor in the pathogenesis of gallstone disease. Besides lipids and proteins, mucin has been suggested to affect the viscosity of bile. To further clarify these issues we compared mucin, protein and the lipid componEnts of hepatic and gallbladder bile and its viscosity in patients with gallstones. METHODS: Viscosity of bile (mPa.s) was measured using rotation viscosimetry in regard to the non Newtonian property of bile at low shear rates. RESULTS: Biliary viscosity was markedly higher in gallbladder bile of patients with cholesterol (5.00 +/- 0.60 mPa.s, mean +/- SEM, r= 28) and mixed stones (3.50 +/- 0.68 mPa.s; r= 8) compared to hepatic bile (0.92 +/- 0.06 mPa.s, r= 6). A positive correlation between mucin and viscosity was found in gallbladder biles (r = 0.65; P gic and supraphysiologic amounts of mucin to gallbladder bile resulted in a dose dependent non linear increase of its viscosity. A positive correlation was determined between phospholipid concentration and viscosity (r = 0.34, P gallbladder biles. However, no correlation was found between total protein or the other lipid concentrations and viscosity in both gallbladder and hepatic biles. CONCLUSION: The viscosity of gallbladder bile is markedly higher than that of hepatic bile in patients with gallstones. The concentration of mucin is the major determinant of biliary viscosity and may contribute by this mechanism to the role of mucin in the pathogenesis of gallstones.

关键词： Adult Bile Cholelithiasis Female Humans Male Middle Aged Mucins Phospholipids Research Support, Non-U.S. gov't Viscosity