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Estimating the subsolar magnetopause position from soft X-ray images using a low-pass image filter

Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 173-183页

作者： Hyangpyo Kim Hyunju K.Connor Jaewoong Jung Brian M.Walsh David Sibeck Kip D.Kuntz Frederick S.Porter Catriana K.Paw U rousseau A.Nutter Ramiz Qudsi Rumi Nakamura Michael Collier Space Research Institute Austrian Academy of Sciences8042 GrazAustria geophysical Institute University of Alaska FairbanksFairbanksAlaska 99775USA National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA)goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMaryland 20771USA Astronomy Department University of Maryland College ParkCollege ParkMaryland 20742USA Center for Space Physics Boston UniversityBostonMassachusetts 02215USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMaryland 21218USA Howard University WashingtonDC 20059USA

The Lunar Environment heliospheric X-ray Imager(LEXI)and Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)missions will image the Earth’s dayside magneto pause and cusps in soft X-rays after their respective launches in the near future,to specify glo bal magnetic reconnection modes for varying solar wind conditions.To suppo rt the success of these scientific missions,it is critical to develop techniques that extract the magnetopause locations from the observed soft X-ray images.In this research,we introduce a new geometric equation that calculates the subsolar magnetopause position(RS)from a satellite position,the look direction of the instrument,and the angle at which the X-ray emission is maximized.Two assumptions are used in this method:(1)The look direction where soft X-ray emissions are maximized lies tangent to the magnetopause,and(2)the magnetopause surface near the subsolar point is almost spherical and thus RSis nea rly equal to the radius of the magneto pause curvature.We create synthetic soft X-ray images by using the Open geospace general Circulation Model(OpenggCM)global magnetohydrodynamic model,the galactic background,the instrument point spread function,and Poisson noise.We then apply the fast Fourier transform and gaussian low-pass filte rs to the synthetic images to re move noise and obtain accurate look angles for the soft X-ray pea ks.From the filte red images,we calculate RS and its accuracy for different LEXI locations,look directions,and solar wind densities by using the OpenggCM subsolar magnetopause location as ground truth.Our method estimates RS with an accuracy of10 cm-3.The accuracy improves for greater solar wind densities and during southward interplanetary magnetic fields.The method ca ptures the magnetopause motion during southwa rd interplaneta ry magnetic field turnings.Consequently,the technique will enable quantitative analysis of the magnetopause motion and help reveal the dayside reconnection modes for dynamic solar wind con

关键词： soft X-ray magnetopause reconnection low-pass filter LEXI SMILE

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Anti-hepatitis C virus potency of a new autophagy inhibitor using human liver slices model

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World Journal of Hepatology 2016年第21期8卷 902-914页

作者： Sylvie Lagaye Sonia Brun Jesintha gaston Hong Shen Ruzena Stranska Claire Camus Clarisse Dubray géraldine rousseau Pierre-Philippe Massault Jerome Courcambeck Firas Bassisi Philippe Halfon Stanislas Pol Institut Pasteur INSERM Institut Cochin INSERM U1016CNRS UMR8104Universite Paris Descartes(UMR S1016) genoscience Pharma KU Leuven Rega Institute Laboratoire Alphabio APHP Groupe Hospitalier La Pitie Salpe-triereService de Chirurgie digestive et Hepato bilio pancreatique APHP Groupe Hospitalier CochinService de Chirurgie digestiveHepato-biliaire et Endocrinienne Universite Paris Descartes APHP Groupe Hospitalier CochinUnite d’Hepatologie Institut Pasteur Departement de Recherche TranslationnelleINSERM

AIM: To evaluate the antiviral potency of a new antihepatitis C virus(HCV) antiviral agent targeting the cellular autophagy machinery. METHODS: Non-infected liver slices, obtained from human liver resection and cut in 350 μm-thick slices(2.7 × 106 cells per slice) were infected with cell culture-grown HCV Con1b/C3 supernatant(multiplicity of infection = 0.1) cultivated for up to ten days. HCV infected slices were treated at day 4 post-infection with gNS-396 for 6 d at different concentrations. HCV replication was evaluated by strand-specific real-time quantitative reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction. The infectivity titers of supernatants were evaluated by foci formation upon inoculation into naive Huh-7.5.1 cells. The cytotoxic effect of the drugs was evaluated by lactate dehydrogenase leakage assays. RESULTS: The antiviral efficacy of a new antiviral drug, gNS-396, an autophagy inhibitor, on HCV infection of adult human liver slices was evidenced in a dosedependent manner. At day 6 post-treatment, gNS-396 EC50 was 158 nmol/L without cytotoxic effect(compared to hydroxychloroquine EC50 = 1.17 μmol/L).CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrated that our ex vivo model is efficient for evaluation the potency of autophagy inhibitors, in particular a new quinoline derivative gNS-396 as antiviral could inhibit HCV infection in a dosedependent manner without cytotoxic effect.

关键词： Host antiviral therapy Hepatitis C virus Tissue culture Autophagy Quinoline derivative

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The notion of dominant terminology in bibliometric research

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Journal of Data and Information Science 2023年第4期8卷 1-7页

作者： Yves Fassin Ronald rousseau Department of Marketing Innovationand OrganisationFaculty of Economics and Business AdministrationGhent UniversityB-9000 GentBelgium University of Antwerp Middelheimlaan 1Faculty of Social SciencesB-2020 Antwerp KU Leuven MSIFacultair Onderzoekscentrum ECOOMNaamsestraat 61Leuven B-3000Belgium

In this opinion paper, we introduce the expressions of dominant terminology and dominant term in the quantitative studies of science in analogy to the notion of dominant design in product development and innovation.

关键词： Dominant design Dominant terminology Science of science Bibliometrics Scientometrics

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genoDrawing:An Autoencoder Framework for Image Prediction from SNP Markers

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Plant Phenomics 2023年第4期5卷 816-824页

作者： Federico Jurado-Ruiz David rousseau Juan A.Botía Maria José Aranzana Center for Research in Agricultural genomics(CRAg) 08193 BarcelonaCerdanyolaSpain Universitéd'Angers LARISINRAe UMR IRHS49000 AngersFrance Department of Information and Communication Engineering University of Murcia30071 MurciaSpain IRTA(Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries) BarcelonaSpain

Advancements in genome sequencing have facilitated whole-genome characterization of numerous plant species,providing an abundance of genotypic data for genomic analysis.genomic selection and neural networks(NNs),particularly deep learning,have been developed to predict complex traits from dense genotypic data.Autoencoders,an NN model to extract features from images in an unsupervised manner,has proven to be useful for plant phenotyping.This study introduces an autoencoder framework,genoDrawing,for predicting and retrieving apple images from a low-depth single-nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)array,potentially useful in predicting traits that are difficult to define.genoDrawing demonstrates proficiency in its task using a small dataset of shape-related SNPs.Results indicate that the use of SNPs associated with visual traits has substantial impact on the generated images,consistent with biological interpretation.While using substantial SNPs is crucial,incorporating additional,unrelated SNPs results in performance degradation for simple NN architectures that cannot easily identify the most important inputs.The proposed genoDrawing method is a practical framework for exploring genomic prediction in fruit tree phenotyping,particularly beneficial for small to medium breeding companies to predict economically substantial heritable traits.Although genoDrawing has limitations,it sets the groundwork for future research in image prediction from genomic markers.Future studies should focus on using stronger models for image reproduction,SNP information extraction,and dataset balance in terms of phenotypes for more precise outcomes.

关键词： Auto Drawing prediction

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Confidence Intervals for Relative Intensity of Collaboration(RIC)Indicators

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Journal of Data and Information Science 2022年第4期7卷 5-15页

作者： Joel Emanuel Fuchs Lawrence Smolinsky Ronald rousseau University of Wuppertal Gaußstr.20D-42119 WuppertalGermany Louisiana State University Department of MathematicsBaton RougeLos AngelesUSA University of Antwerp Faculty of Social SciencesMiddelheimlaan 1B-2020 AntwerpBelgium KU Leuven Facultair Onderzoekscentrum ECOOMNaamsestraat 61B-3000 LeuvenBelgium

Purpose:We aim to extend our investigations related to the Relative Intensity of Collaboration(RIC)indicator,by constructing a confidence interval for the obtained values.Design/methodology/approach:We use Mantel-Haenszel statistics as applied recently by Smolinsky,Klingenberg,and Marx.Findings:We obtain confidence intervals for the RIC indicatorResearch limitations:It is not obvious that data obtained from the Web of Science(or any other database)can be considered a random sample.Practical implications:We explain how to calculate confidence intervals.Bibliometric indicators are more often than not presented as precise values instead of an approximation depending on the database and the time of measurement.Our approach presents a suggestion to solve this problem.Originality/value:Our approach combines the statistics of binary categorical data and bibliometric studies of collaboration.

关键词： Contingency tables Confidence intervals Relative intensity of collaboration(RIC) Mantel-Haenszel statistics Science of science

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Predictive factors for survival and score application in liver retransplantation for hepatitis C recurrence

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2016年第18期22卷 4547-4558页

作者： Alice Tung Wan Song Rodolphe Sobesky Carmen Vinaixa Jérome Dumortier Sylvie Radenne Francois Durand Yvon Calmus géraldine rousseau Marianne Latournerie Cyrille Feray Valérie Delvart Bruno Roche Stéphanie Haim-Boukobza Anne-Marie Roque-Afonso Denis Castaing Edson Abdala Luiz Augusto Carneiro D’Albuquerque Jean-Charles Duclos-Vallée Marina Berenguer Didier Samuel INSERM Unit 785 Villejuif 94800France Liver and Digestive Organ Transplantation Division Gastroenterology DepartmentUniversity of Sao Paulo Medical SchoolSao Paulo 05403-900Brazil Universite Paris-Sud Villejuif 94800France Liver Transplantation Laboratory LIM-37 Sao Paulo 01246-903Brazil AP-HP Hopital Paul Brousse Villejuif 94800France La Fe Hospital University of Valencia and CiberehdValencia 46026Spain Hopital Edouard Herriot Lyon 69003France Hopital Croix Rousse Lyon 69004France AP-HP Hopital Beaujon Clichy 92110France AP-HP Hopital St Antoine Paris 75011France AP-HP Hopital Salpetriere Paris 75013France CHU Pontchaillou Rennes 35000France AP-HP Hopital Henri Mondor Creteil 94010France Viral Hepatitis Laboratory LIM-47 Sao Paulo 01246-903Brazil

AIM: To identify risk factors associated with survival in patients retransplanted for hepatitis C virus(HCV) recurrence and to apply a survival score to this population.METHODS: We retrospectively identified 108 patients retransplanted for HCV recurrence in eight European liver transplantation centers(seven in France, one in Spain). Data collection comprised clinical and laboratory variables, including virological and antiviral treatment data. We then analyzed the factors associated with survival in this population. A recently published score that predicts survival in retransplantation in patients with hepatitis C was applied. Because there are currently no uniform recommendations regarding selection of the best candidates for retransplantation in this setting, we also described the clinical characteristics of 164 patients not retransplanted, with F3, F4, or fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis(FCH) post-first graft presenting with hepatic decompensation. RESULTS: Overall retransplantation patient survival rates were 55%, 47%, and 43% at 3, 5, and 10 years, respectively. Patients who were retransplanted for advanced cirrhosis had survival rates of 59%, 52%, and 49% at 3, 5, and 10 years, while those retransplanted for FCH had survival rates of 34%, 29%, and 11%, respectively. Under multivariate analysis, and adjusting for the center effect and the occurrence of FCH, factors associated with better survival after retransplantation were: negative HCV viremia before retransplantation, antiviral therapy after retransplantation, non-genotype 1, a Model for End-stage Liver Disease(MELD) score g list, and a retransplantation donor age gh the numbers were small, in the context of the new antivirals era, we showed that outcomes in patientswho underwent retransplantation with undetectable HCV viremia did not depend on donor age and MELD score. The Andrés score was applied to 102 patients for whom all score variables were available, producing a mean score of 43.4(SD = 6.6). Surviv

关键词： Antivirals Hepatitis C Mortality Prognosis Retransplantation Risk factors

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The formation of orthogonal joint systems and cuboidal blocks:New insights gained from flat-lying limestone beds in the region of Havre-Saint-Pierre(Quebec,Canada)

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and geotechnical Engineering 2023年第12期15卷 3079-3093页

作者： Shaocheng Ji Yvéric rousseau Denis Marcotte Noah John Phillips Département des génies Civil Géologique et des MinesÉcole Polytechnique de MontréalMontréalQuébecH3C 3A7Canada Department of geology Lakehead UniversityThunder BayOntarioP7B 5E1Canada

Vertical orthogonal joints are a common feature in shallow crustal rocks.There are several competing theories for their formation despite the ubiquity.We examined the exceptional exposures of orthogonal joints in flat-lying Ordovician limestone beds from the Havre-Saint-Pierre Region in Quebec,Canada(north shore of Saint-Lawrence River)to test conceptual models of joint formation in a natural setting.In the region,the spacing of cross-joints is consistently larger than the spacing of systematic joints by a factor of 1.5 approximately.The joint-spacing-to-bed-thickness ratios(s/t)are much larger in these beds(s/t=4.3 for systematic joints,and 6.4 for cross-joints)than those in higher strained strata along the south shore of the Saint-Lawrence River(s/t=1),highlighting the effect of tectonic strain in decreasing fracture spacing and block size.The high values of s/t indicate that cross-joint formation was unlikely caused by a switch from compression to tension once a critical s/t ratio for systematic joints was reached(as hypothesized in previous studies).We proposed a new model for the formation of orthogonal joint systems where the principal stress axes locally switch during the formation of systematic fractures.The presence of ladder-shaped orthogonal joints suggests a state of effective stress withσ_(1)^(∗)≫0>σ_(2)^(∗)>σ_(3)^(∗)and whereσ_(2)^(∗)-σ_(3)^(∗)is within the range of fracture strength variability at the time of fracture.This research provides a new mechanical model for the formation of orthogonal joint systems and cuboidal blocks.

关键词： Plato's cuboids Orthogonal joints Fracture spacing Limestone Layered rock mechanics Appalachian geology

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Dynamic aspects of domination networks

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2020年第4期21卷 635-648页

作者： Yu-xian LIU Ronald rousseau Tongji University Library Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China School of History and Archives Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China Faculty of Social Sciences University of AntwerpAntwerpen 2020Belgium ECOOM KU LeuvenLeuven 3000Belgium

A dynamic quantitative theory and measurement of power or dominance structures are proposed.Such power structures are represented as directed networks.A graph somewhat similar to the Lorenz curve for inequality measurement is introduced.The changes in the graph resulting from network dynamics are studied.Dynamics are operationalized in terms of added nodes and links.Study of dynamic aspects of networks is essential for potential applications in many fields such as business management,politics,and social interactions.As such,we provide examples of a dominance structure in a directed,acyclic network.We calculate the change in the D-measure,which is a measure expressing the degree of dominance in a network when nodes are added to an existing simple network.

关键词： Domination Power structure Digraphs Network dynamics

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Multichannel imaging for monitoring chemical composition and germination capacity of cowpea(Vigna unguiculata) seeds during development and maturation

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The Crop Journal 2022年第5期10卷 1399-1411页

作者： gamal ElMasry Nasser Mandour Yahya Ejeez Didier Demilly Salim Al-Rejaie Jerome Verdier Etienne Belin David rousseau Agricultural Engineering Department Faculty of AgricultureSuez Canal UniversityIsmailiaEgypt groupe d’Etude et de Controle des Variétés et des Semences(gEVES) Station Nationale d’Essais de Semences(SNES)Beaucouze49071AngersFrance Department of Pharmacology&Toxicology College of PharmacyKing Saud UniversitySaudi Arabia Laboratoire Angevin de Recherche en Ingenierie des Systemes(LARIS) Universited’AngersAngersFrance Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique(INRA) UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et SemencesBeaucouzéF-49071AngersFrance

This study aimed to set a computer-integrated multichannel spectral imaging system as a high-throughput phenotyping tool for the analysis of individual cowpea seeds harvested at different developmental stages. The changes in germination capacity and variations in moisture, protein and different sugars during twelve stages of seed development from 10 to 32 days after anthesis were nondestructively monitored. Multispectral data at 20 discrete wavelengths in the ultraviolet, visible and near infrared regions were extracted from individual seeds and then modelled using partial least squares regression and linear discriminant analysis(LDA) models. The developed multivariate models were accurate enough for monitoring all possible changes occurred in moisture, protein and sugar contents with coefficients of determination in prediction R^(2) of 0.93, 0.80 and 0.78 and root mean square errors in prediction(RMSEP) of 6.045%, 2.236% and 0.890%, respectively. The accuracy of PLS models in predicting individual sugars such as verbascose and stachyose was reasonable with R~2 of 0.87 and 0.87 and RMSEP of 0.071%and 0.485%, respectively;but for the prediction of sucrose and raffinose the accuracy was relatively limited with R^(2) of 0.24 and 0.66 and RMSEP of 0.567% and 0.045%, respectively. The developed LDA model was robust in classifying the seeds based on their germination capacity with overall correct classification of96.33% and 95.67% in the training and validation datasets, respectively. With these levels of accuracy,the proposed multichannel spectral imaging system designed for single seeds could be an effective choice as a rapid screening and non-destructive technique for identifying the ideal harvesting time of cowpea seeds based on their chemical composition and germination capacity. Moreover, the development of chemical images of the major constituents along with classification images confirmed the usefulness of the proposed technique as a non-destructive tool for estimating the concentrations and spatial distributio

关键词： Multispectral imaging Multichannel imaging Chemical imaging Spectral analysis Seeds Cowpea

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Unnormalized and normalized forms of gefura measures in directed and undirected networks

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2015年第4期16卷 311-320页

作者： Raf gUNS Ronald rousseau Institute for Education and lnformation Sciences University of Antwerp Venusstraat 35 Antwerp B-2000 Belgium Department of Mathematics KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200B Leuven B-3001 Belgium

In some networks nodes belong to predefined groups(e.g.,authors belong to institutions).Common network centrality measures do not take this structure into account.gefura measures are designed as indicators of a node's brokerage role between such groups.They are defined as variants of betweenness centrality and consider to what extent a node belongs to shortest paths between nodes from different groups.In this article we make the following new contributions to their study:(1) We systematically study unnormalized gefura measures and show that,next to the ‘structural' normalization that has hitherto been applied,a ‘basic' normalization procedure is possible.While the former normalizes at the level of groups,the latter normalizes at the level of nodes.(2) Treating undirected networks as equivalent to symmetric directed networks,we expand the definition of gefura measures to the directed case.(3) It is shown how Brandes' algorithm for betweenness centrality can be adjusted to cover these cases.

关键词：细分为组的网络分割桥接(gefura)测度 Q-测度中介角色有向网络和无向网络 Brandes算法

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