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Combination treatment of inflammatory bowel disease:Present status and future perspectives

World Journal of gastroenterology 2024年第15期30卷 2068-2080页

作者： John K Triantafillidis Constantinos g Zografos manousos m Konstadoulakis Apostolos E Papalois Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unit "Metropolitan General"HospitalHolargos 15562AtticaGreece Hellenic Society for gastrointestinal Oncology 354 Iera OdosChaidari 12461AtticaGreece The 2^(nd)Department of Surgery University of AthensSchool of MedicineAretaieion HospitalAthens 11528Greece Unit of Surgical Research and Training The 2^(nd)Department of SurgeryUniversity of AthensSchool of MedicineAretaieion HospitalAthens 11528Greece

The treatment of patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),especially those with severe or refractory disease,represents an important challenge for the clinical *** seems to be no exaggeration to say that in these patients,not only the scientific background of the gastroenterologist is tested,but also the abundance of“gifts”that he should possess(insight,intuition,determ-ination,ability to take initiative,etc.)for the successful outcome of the *** daily clinical practice,depending on the severity of the attack,IBD is treated with one or a combination of two or more pharmaceutical *** combin-ations include not only the first-line drugs(e.g.,mesalazine,corticosteroids,antibiotics,etc)but also second-and third-line drugs(immunosuppressants and biologic agents).It is a fact that despite the significant therapeutic advances there is still a significant percentage of patients who do not satisfactorily respond to the treatment ***,a part of these patients are going to *** recent years,several small-size clinical studies,reviews,and case reports have been published combining not only biological agents with other drugs(e.g.,immunosuppressants or corticosteroids)but also the combination of two biologi-cal agents simultaneously,especially in severe *** our opinion,it is at least a strange(and largely unexplained)fact that we often use combinations of drugs in a given patient although studies comparing the simultaneous administration of two or more drugs with monotherapy are very *** mentioned above,there is a timid tendency in the literature to combine two biological agents in severe cases unresponsive to the applied treatment or patients with severe extraintestinal *** appropriate dosage,the duration of the administration,the suitable timing for checking the clinical and laboratory outcome,as well as the treatment side-effects,should be the subject of intense clinical research *** this

关键词： Biologics for immune-mediated conditions Dual-targeted treatment Combination treatment Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn’s

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两种测定HBeAg标记ELISA的比较

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微生物学免疫学进展 1988年第4期 64-66页

作者： Suthall g.m ,Wreghitt T.g ,张曼奇

乙型肝炎e抗原(HBeAg)是乙型肝炎病毒存在的一个重要的血清学标志,首先被magniue等人所描述(1972)。他们和其他工作人员用凝胶扩散法检查HBeAg和其抗体(抗-HBe),以后又有了更敏感的方法如血凝试验法,放射免疫测定法及酶联免疫吸附试验( ... 详细信息

乙型肝炎e抗原(HBeAg)是乙型肝炎病毒存在的一个重要的血清学标志,首先被magniue等人所描述(1972)。他们和其他工作人员用凝胶扩散法检查HBeAg和其抗体(抗-HBe),以后又有了更敏感的方法如血凝试验法,放射免疫测定法及酶联免疫吸附试验( ELISA)相继出现。通常,HBeAg可在乙肝病毒急性传染早期血清样品中查出,然而偶而在一次血样诊断试验时不一定能发现。在病毒血症多年的乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)慢性携带者体内也同样可能发现。抗-HBe是在乙型肝炎病毒传染恢复期病人中出现和在能够通过循环清除HBeAg的HBeAg携带者中出现。HBeAg和抗-HBe状况的血样检测,

关键词： HBeAg 抗原乙型肝炎病毒戴恩颗粒血清样品 ELISA

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Challenges and opportunities in the production of magnesium parts by directed energy deposition processes

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1663-1686页

作者： gürel Cama Ali günen Iskenderun Technical University Faculty of Engineering and Natural SciencesDepartment of Mechanical Engineering31200˙Iskenderun-HatayTurkey Iskenderun Technical University Faculty of Engineering and Natural SciencesDepartment of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering31200 Iskenderun-HatayTurkey

mg-alloys have gained considerable attention in recent years for their outstanding properties such as lightweight,high specific strength,and corrosion resistance,making them attractive for applications in medical,aerospace,automotive,and other transport ***,their widespread application is hindered by their low formability at room temperature due to limited slip *** mg-alloys have low mechanical properties due to the presence of casting defects such as porosity and anisotropy in addition to the high *** casting.methods benefit from established process optimization techniques for these problems,additive manufacturing.methods are increasingly replacing casting.methods in mg alloys as they provide more precise control over the microstructure and allow specific grain orientations,potentially enabling easier optimization of anisotropy properties in certain *** metal additive manufacturing.mAm)technology also results in some manufacturing defects such as inhomogeneous microstructural evolution and porosity and additively manufactured mg alloy parts exhibit lower properties than the wrought parts,they in general exhibit superior properties than the cast ***,mAm is a promising technique to produce mg alloy *** energy deposition processes,particularly wire arc directed energy deposition(WA-DED),have emerged as an advantageous additive manufacturing(Am)technique for metallic materials including.magnesium alloys,offering advantages such as high deposition rates,improved material efficiency,and reduced production costs compared to subtractive ***,the inherent challenges associated with magnesium,such as its high reactivity and susceptibility to oxidation,pose unique hurdles in the application of this *** review paper delves into the progress made in the application of DED technology to mg-alloys,its challenges,and ***,the predominant imperfections,notably inhomo

关键词： Additive manufacturing DED processes Arc-DED Wire arc additive manufacturing(WAAm) 3-D printing High deposition rate

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The initial stages of Li_(2)O_(2) formation during oxygen reduction reaction in Li-O_(2) batteries:The significance of Li_(2)O_(2) in charge-transfer reactions within devices

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 223-231,I0006页

作者： Daniela m.Josepetti Bianca P.Sousa Simone A.J.Rodrigues Renato g.Freitas gustavo Doubek Advanced Energy Storage Division LABCenter for Innovation on New EnergiesSchool of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of CampinasAv Albert Einstein 50013083-852CampinasSPBrazil Institute of Physics&Department of Chemistry Laboratory of Computational MaterialsFederal University of Mato Grosso78060-900CuiabáMTBrazil

Lithium-oxygen batteries are a promising technology because they can greatly surpass the energy density of lithium-ion ***,this theoretical characteristic has not yet been converted into a real device with high *** with air contamination,metallic lithium reactivity,and complex discharge and charge reactions are the main issues for this technology.A fast and reversible oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)is crucial for good performance of secondary batteries',but the partial knowledge of its mechanisms,especially when devices are concerned,hinders further *** this perspective,the present work uses operando Raman experiments and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)to assess the first stages of the discharge processes in porous carbon electrodes,following their changes cycle by cycle at initial operation.A growth kinetic formation of the discharge product signal(Li_(2)O_(2))was observed with operando Raman,indicating a first-order reaction and enabling an analysis by a microkinetic *** solution mechanism in the evaluated system was ascribed for an equivalent circuit with three time *** the time constant for the anode interface reveals to remain relatively constant after the first discharge,its surface seemed to be more *** model indicated that the reaction occurs at the Li_(2)O_(2) surface,decreasing the associated resistance during the initial discharge ***,the growth of Li_(2)O_(2) forms a hetero-phase between Li_(2)O_(2)/electrolyte,while creating a more compact and homogeneous on the Li_(2)O_(2)/cathode *** methodology here described thus offers a way of directly probing changes in surface chemistry evolution during cycling from a device through EIS analysis.

关键词： Li-O_(2)battery Operando Raman analysis Equivalent circuit modeling Time-constant distribution

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Achieving superior performance in powder-metallurgy near-βtitanium alloy by combining hot rolling and rapid heat treatment followed by aging

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Journal of materials Science & Technology 2024年第4期171卷 24-36页

作者： Fucheng Qiu Tuo Cheng Yuchao Song Orest m.Ivasishin Dmytro g.Savvakin guangyu ma Huiyan Xu College of materials Science and Engineering Jilin UniversityChangchun 130025China International Center of Future Science Jilin UniversityChangchun 130025China g.V.Kurdyumov Institute for metal Physics KyivUkraine College of Biological and Agricultural Jilin UniversityChangchun 130025China

Heat treatment plays an important role in tailoring the mechanical properties of powder-metallurgy(Pm)titanium ***,only limited work about the rapid heat treatment(RHT)of Pm titanium alloys has been *** this work,RHT was applied to Pm Ti-5Al-5mo-5V-1Cr-1Fe alloy after hot rolling to study the evolution of its mechanical properties and the influence of residual pores on its *** hot rolling and annealing,a fine and uniformα+βstructure with few residual pores is *** RHT,the primaryαdissolves gradually and completes in theβregion,and theβgrains then grow,resulting in the continuous decrease in elongation after ***,the tensile strength first increases and then decreases with increasing RHT temperature,owing to the increase in volume fraction of secondaryαinα+βregion and theβgrain growth inβ*** contrast to the RHT of cast-and-wrought titanium,the negative influence of residual pores lowers the RHT temperature for obtaining the highest tensile strength to a temperature below theβ-transus *** the negative influence of the residual pores,retained primaryαand fineβgrains with fine secondaryαinside contribute to achieving a good strength/ductility balance(1570 mPa and 6.1%,respectively).Addi-tionally,although at higher cycles to failure,the negative influence of residual pores increases as it affects the crack initiation zone at the subsurface,the good resistance of secondaryαto fatigue crack propaga-tion still enhances the fatigue strength considerably(about 300 mPa).This work suggests a cost-effective strategy to produce titanium alloys with high performance.

关键词： Rapid heat treatment Powder metallurgy mechanical properties Near-βtitanium Residual pores

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Recent research in mechanical properties of geopolymer-based ultrahigh-performance concrete:A review

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第2期32卷 67-88页

作者： g.murali Division of Research&Innovation Uttaranchal UniversityDehradun 248007India

Due to the growing need for sustainable and ultra-high-strength construction materials,scientists have created an innovative ultra-high-performance concrete called geopolymer based ultra-highperformance concrete(gUHPC).Besides,in the last few decades,there have been a lot of explosions and ballistic attacks around the world,which have killed many civilians and fighters in border *** this context,this article reviews the fresh state and mechanical properties of ***,the ingredients of gUHPC and fresh properties such as setting time and flowability are briefly ***,the review of compressive strength,flexure strength,tensile strength and modulus of elasticity of fibrous ***,the blast and projectile impact resistance performance was ***,the microstructural characteristics were reviewed using the scanning electron microscope and X-ray Powder *** review outcome reveals that the mechanical properties were increased when 30%silica fume was added to a higher dose of steel fibre to improve the microstructure of *** is hypothesized that the brittleness of gUHPC was mitigated by adding 1.5%steel fibre reinforcement,which played a role in the decrease of contact explosion cratering and *** the need for cement in gUHPC was a key factor in the review,indicating a promising potential for lowering carbon ***,gUHPC research is still in its early stages,so more study is required before its full potential can be utilized.

关键词： mechanical properties Blast Projectile impact Fibre geopolymer Silica fume Alkaline activators

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伯利恒钢公司雀点厂氧气转炉出钢口袖砖的改进

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本钢技术 1996年第6期 49-51页

作者： g·m 格拉德斯凯李仙遂

伯利恒钢公司的雀点厂有两座295t氧气顶吹转炉,一个钢包处理站和两台单流板坯连铸机,1995年,该厂共出钢12568炉次,产钢量为370万t,80%炉次的钢水含碳量在0.1%以下。

关键词：出钢口转炉空心管组合砖异型砖扇形砖伯利恒钢水熔融金属炉次

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利用清洁剂中某些聚磷酸盐取代物研究水下沉积物中铜和锌变动性实验

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世界地质 1986年第2期 51-55页

作者： g.müller U.Frstner 陈宗团

引言高度工业化和人口稠密地区水下沉积物中重金属的高度富集很清楚地反映了该地区目前受污染的状况(Forstner和müller)。例如,人类排入莱茵河下游(德国和荷兰边界附近)细粒沉积物中Pb、Hg和Cd的含量为这些元素自然背景值的10～50倍。

关键词：聚磷酸盐重金属重有色金属络合能力变动性清洁剂取代物

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Highly-sensitive wafer-scale transfer-free graphene mEmS condenser microphones

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microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 267-275页

作者： Roberto Pezone Sebastian Anzinger gabriele Baglioni Hutomo Suryo Wasisto Pasqualina m.Sarro Peter g.Steeneken Sten Vollebregt Laboratory of Electronic Components Technology and Materials(ECTM)Department of MicroelectronicsDelft University of TechnologyDelftThe Netherlands Infineon Technologies Ag Am Campeon 1-15Neubiberg 85579Germany Kavli Institue of Nanoscience Department of Quantum NanoscienceDelft University of TechnologyDelftthe Netherlands Department of Precision and microsystems Engineering(PmE) Delft University of TechnologyDelftThe Netherlands

Since the performance of micro-electro-mechanical system(mEmS)-based microphones is approaching fundamental physical,design,and material limits,it has become challenging to improve *** works have demonstrated graphene’s suitability as a microphone *** potential for achieving smaller,more sensitive,and scalable onchip mEmS microphones is yet to be *** address large graphene sizes,graphene-polymer heterostructures have been proposed,but they compromise performance due to added polymer mass and *** work demonstrates the first wafer-scale integrated mEmS condenser microphones with diameters of 2R=220-320μm,thickness of 7 nm multi-layer graphene,that is suspended over a back-plate with a residual gap of 5μ*** microphones are manufactured with mEmS compatible wafer-scale technologies without any transfer steps or polymer layers that are more prone to contaminate and wrinkle the *** designs,all electrically integrated are fabricated and characterized allowing us to study the effects of the introduction of a back-plate for capacitive *** devices show high mechanical compliances C_(m)=0.081-1.07μmPa^(−1)(10-100×higher than the silicon reported in the state-of-the-art diaphragms)and pull-in voltages in the range of 2-9.5 *** addition,to validate the proof of concept,we have electrically characterized the graphene microphone when subjected to sound *** estimated sensitivity of S_(1kHz)=24.3-321 mV Pa^(−1)for a V_(bias)=1.5 V was determined,which is 1.9-25.5×higher than of state-of-the-art microphone devices while having a~9×smaller area.

关键词： transfer plate approaching

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经阴道矫正重度盆腔脏器脱垂可在局部麻醉加镇静的条件下进行

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（妇产科学分册） 2006年第5期2卷 12-13页

作者： Buchsbaum g.m Duecy E.E 朱国栋 epartment of Obstetrics and gynecology University of RochesterMedical Center Box 668 601 ElmwoodAvenue Rochester NY 14642 United States

The purpose of this study was to evaluate local anesthesia with sedation for vaginal surgery for advanced genital prolapse. Study design: Five sacrospinous lig.ment suspensions and 12 vaginal paravaginal defect repairs performed under local anesthesia in 2004 were identified. medical records and patient satisfaction questionnaire were reviewed. Patient demographics, degree of prolapse, duration of surgery, hospital stay, and responses to an anesthesia satisfaction questionnaires were recorded. Results: All repairs incorporated placement of dermal allograft. Concomitant procedures included: 6 tension-free vaginal tape (TVTs), 12 posterior and 4 enterocele repairs. mean patient age was 66.1 years. All patients had prolapse of apex or anterior wall ≥ grade 3. mean OR time was 132 minutes. Average hospital stay was 1.2 days. No patient was converted to general anesthesia. All 17 patients were “ very satisfied” with their surgical experience. Conclusion: Local anesthesia with sedation can be successfully employed for most vaginal reconstructive surgeries with advanced genital prolapse. Patients report a high level of satisfaction.

关键词：局部麻醉盆腔脏器脱垂麻醉满意度骶棘韧带生殖器脱垂肠疝修补尿道悬吊带修补手术应答情况

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