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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第5期80卷 23-31,I0002页

作者： Jie Tang Jiawang Zhou Xingyu Duan Yujie Yang Xinyi Dai Fuzhong Wu Guizhou High-level Institution Key Laboratory of High-Performance Battery Materials Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025GuizhouChina

Silicon(Si)anode has been considered a promising candidate due to its remarkable theoretical capacity but it was plagued by severe pulverization because of the inherent huge volume variation.Enhancing electrode stability is an effective approach to improve electrochemical performance.Herein,a stable Si anode was established by an innovative construction of the bonding between conductive agents and active materials/binders.As a result,the strong interaction of electrode components not only effectively alleviates the volume expansion of Si but also achieves a stable interface by generating the beneficial solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)composition.Attributed to the deliberate scheme of the electrode,the Si anode exhibits sterling electrochemical performance.Besides,the device of the electrode is not only effective for other binders but also for other anode materials with high volume variation,thus shedding light on the rational design of electrodes for high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries.

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries Si MXene SEI Structural stability

Changes in soil faunal density and microbial community under altered litter input in forests and grasslands

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Fundamental Research 2022年第6期2卷 954-963页

作者： Xinyu Wei Fuzhong Wu Petr Heděnec Kai Yue Yan Peng Jing Yang Xiaoyue Zhang Xiangyin Ni Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education School of Geographical SciencesFujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350007China Agritec Plant Research Ltd. Zemědělská16Šumperk 78701Czech Republic Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development University Malaysia TerengganuKuala NerusTerengganu 21030Malaysia

Root and foliar litter inputs are the primary sources of carbon and nutrients for soil fauna and microorganisms,yet we still lack a quantitative assessment to evaluate the effects of root and foliar litter on various groups of soil organisms across terrestrial ecosystems.Here,we compiled 978 paired observations from 68 experimental sites to assess the directions and magnitudes of adding and removing foliar and root litter on the soil faunal density and microbial biomass that was evaluated by phospholipid fatty acids(PLFAs)across forests and grasslands worldwide.We found that litter addition had only a marginal effect on soil faunal density but significantly increased the soil total microbial-,fungal-and bacterial-PLFAs by 13%,14%,and 10%,respectively,across ecosystems,suggesting that the soil microbial community is more sensitive to carbon source addition than soil fauna,particularly in soils with low carbon to nitrogen ratios.In contrast,removing litter significantly decreased the soil faunal density by 17%but had few effects on soil microorganisms.Compared with foliar litter,root litter input had a more positive effect on the development of soil fungal taxa.The effect of both litter addition and removal on soil faunal density and microbial biomass did not differ between humid and arid regions,but a greater influence was observed in grasslands than in forests for soil microbial community.Our results highlight that the increasing litter production under a global greening scenario would stimulate microbial activity in grasslands more than in forests,and this stimulation would be greater for soil microbes than soil fauna.

关键词： Detritus input and removal treatment Soil fauna Bacteria Fungi Phospholipid fatty acids

Effects of litter quality and climate change along an elevational gradient on litter decomposition of subalpine forests, Eastern Tibetan Plateau, China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2016年第3期27卷 505-511页

作者： Zhenfeng Xu Jianxiao Zhu Fuzhong Wu Yang Liu Bo Tan Wanqin Yang Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering of Sichuan Province Institute of Ecology & Forest Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 China Long-term Research Station of Alpine Forest Ecosystems and Monitoring Station for Eco-environments in the Rainy Zone of SW China Chengdu China Department of Ecology College of Environmental SciencesKey Laboratory for Earth Surface of Ministry of EducationPeking University Beijing 10087 China

Temperature and freeze-thaw events are two key factors controlling litter decomposition in cold biomes.Predicted global warming and changes in freeze-thaw cycles therefore may directly or indirectly impact litter decomposition in those ecosystems. Here, we conducted a2-year-long litter decomposition experiment along an elevational gradient from 3000 to 3600 m to determine the potential effects of litter quality, climate warming and freeze-thaw on the mass losses of three litter types [dragon spruce（Picea asperata Mast.）, red birch（Betula albosinensis Burk.）, and minjiang fir（Abies faxoniana Rehd. et Wild）]. Marked differences in mass loss were observed among the litter types and sampling dates. Decay constant（k） values of red birch were significantly higher than those of the needle litters. However, mass losses between elevations did not differ significantly for any litter type.During the winter, lost mass contributed 18.3-28.8 % of the net loss rates of the first year. Statistical analysis showed that the relationships between mass loss and litter chemistry or their ratios varied with decomposition periods. Our results indicated that short-term field incubations could overestimate the k value of litter decomposition.Considerable mass was lost from subalpine forest litters during the wintertime. Potential future warming may not affect the litter decomposition in the subalpine forest ecosystems of eastern Tibetan Plateau.

关键词： Alpine forest Elevational gradient Freeze-thaw Global warming Mass losses

Gap edge canopy buffering of throughfall deposition in a subalpine natural forest

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第4期9卷 503-510页

作者： Siyi Tan Qing Dong Xiangyin Ni Kai Yue Shu Liao Fuzhong Wu Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education School of Geographical SciencesFujian Normal UniversityFuzhou350007China Ecological Security and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Mianyang Teachers'CollegeMianyang621000China

Base cation loads are rarely considered in forest gap edge canopies,but they can play critical roles in capturing or buffering atmospheric deposition in forests with frequent gap disturbances,such as subalpine forests.We selected an expanded gap edge canopy and a closed canopy in a subalpine natural forest on the eastern Tibetan Plateau.The throughfall deposition and canopy exchange processes of common base cations(K^(+),Ca^(2+),Na^(+),and Mg^(2+))were continuously studied over two years.The results showed that the enrichment ratio and fluxes had lower levels of base cations in the gap-edge canopy than in the closed canopy,which indicated that base cations were concentrated more in the closed canopy than in the gap-edge canopy.Although Ca^(2+)in the gap-edge canopy showed a higher net throughfall flux,the annual net throughfall fluxes of K^(+),Na^(+) and Mg^(2+) within the gap-edge canopy were 1.83,6.75 and 2.95 times lower than those in the closed canopy,respectively.Moreover,dry deposition fluxes of base cations significantly decreased in the gap edge canopy compared to those in the closed canopy,and the decreasing tendency was more significant during the snowy season than during the rainy season.Overall,these results suggest that the amount of base cations in subalpine natural forest ecosystems may be overestimated when the throughfall deposition of ions in gap edge canopies is ignored.

关键词： Canopy exchange Dry deposition Throughfall Subalpine forest Precipitation deposition

Increased microbial sequestration of soil organic carbon under nitrogen deposition over China’s terrestrial ecosystems

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Ecological Processes 2020年第1期9卷 602-614页

作者： Shu Liao Siyi Tan Yan Peng Dingyi Wang Xiangyin Ni Kai Yue Fuzhong Wu Yusheng Yang Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education School of Geographical SciencesFujian Normal University8 Shangshan RdFuzhou 350007CangshanChina Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management University of CopenhagenRolighedsvej 23DK-1958 Frederiksberg CDenmark Center for Biodiversity Dynamics in a Changing Word(BIOCHANGE) Section for Ecoinformatics and BiodiversityDepartment of BiologyAarhus UniversityNy Munkegade 114DK-8000 Aarhus CDenmark

Background:China’s terrestrial ecosystems have been receiving increasing amounts of reactive nitrogen(N)over recent decades.External N inputs profoundly change microbially mediated soil carbon(C)dynamics,but how elevated N affects the soil organic C that is derived from microbial residues is not fully understood.Here,we evaluated the changes in soil microbial necromass C under N addition at 11 forest,grassland,and cropland sites over China’s terrestrial ecosystems through a meta-analysis based on available data from published articles.Results:Microbial necromass C accounted for an average of 49.5%of the total soil organic C across the studied sites,with higher values observed in croplands(53.0%)and lower values in forests(38.6%).Microbial necromass C was significantly increased by 9.5%after N addition,regardless of N forms,with greater stimulation observed for fungal(+11.2%)than bacterial(+4.5%)necromass C.This increase in microbial necromass C under elevated N was greater under longer experimental periods but showed little variation among different N application rates.The stimulation of soil microbial necromass C under elevated N was proportional to the change in soil organic C.Conclusions:The stimulation of microbial residues after biomass turnover is an important pathway for the observed increase in soil organic C under N deposition across China’s terrestrial ecosystems.

关键词： Microbial necromass carbon Nitrogen deposition Amino sugars Soil organic carbon

Impacts of soil fauna on nitrogen and phosphorus release during litter decomposition were differently controlled by plant species and ecosystem type

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第3期30卷 921-930页

作者： Yan Peng Wanqin Yang Kai Yue Bo Tan Fuzhong Wu Long-term Research Station of Alpine Forest Ecosystems Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry EngineeringInstitute of Ecology and ForestrySichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130SichuanPeople’s Republic of China Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management University of CopenhagenRolighedsvej 231958 Frederiksberg CDenmark Collaborative Innovation Center for Ecological Security in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Chengdu 611130 People’s Republic of China

The dynamics of litter nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) release could be affected by soil fauna and environmental conditions. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of soil fauna on the dynamics of N and P during foliar litter decomposition in three types of ecosystems (i.e., montane forest, ecotone, and dry valley) along an elevation gradient. A field experiment using litterbags with two different mesh sizes (0.04 and 3 mm) was conducted from November 2013 to October 2014. Nitrogen and P release rates in decomposing foliar litter from fir (Abies faxoniana) and birch (Betula albosinensis) in montane forest, oak (Quercus baronii) and cypress (Cupressus chengiana) in ecotone, and cypress and clovershrub (Campylotropis macrocarpa) in dry valley were investigated in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. Soil fauna strongly affected N and P release across different decomposition periods and ecosystem types. The average release rate of N mediated by soil fauna across the entire year was higher in the dry valley (15.6–37.3%) than in the montane forest (0.5–6.4%) and the ecotone (- 3.7–4.9%). The effects of soil fauna on P release rate were manifest in both the montane forest and the dry valley. Moreover, the impacts of soil fauna can vary substantially among different decomposition periods. Our results indicated that soil fauna can significantly affect N and P release during litter decomposition. The N release rate mediated by fauna was likely to be more sensitive to the effects of plant species (i.e., initial litter chemical traits), while the P release rate mediated by soil fauna might be subject to the effects of local-scale environmental factors (e.g., temperature) to a greater extent.

关键词： Dry valley Ecotone Environmental factors Litterbag Montane forest Release rate

全球尺度上氮添加影响植物生物量分配但不影响不同器官间的异速生长关系

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2021年第3期14卷 361-371页

作者： Kai Yue Dario A.Fomara Wang Li Xiangyin Ni Yan Peng Shu Liao Siyi Tan Dingyi Wang Fuzhong Wu Yusheng Yang Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education School of Geographical SciencesFujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350007China Sustainable Agri-Food Science Division Agri-Food and Bioscience Institute(AFBI)BelfastUK State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Aerospace Information Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management University of CopenhagenRolighcdsvej 23DK-1958 Frederiksberg CDenmark

生物量在不同器官间的分配是植物对环境变化响应的一个关键生态生理学过程。然而,在全球尺度上有关不同陆地生态系统植物生物量分配对氮沉降响应的认识还比较欠缺。本文通过整合分析333篇己发表文章的5474个观测值,基于“最优分配假说... 详细信息

生物量在不同器官间的分配是植物对环境变化响应的一个关键生态生理学过程。然而,在全球尺度上有关不同陆地生态系统植物生物量分配对氮沉降响应的认识还比较欠缺。本文通过整合分析333篇己发表文章的5474个观测值,基于“最优分配假说”和“异速分配假说”,评估了全球尺度上氮添加对植物生物量及其在不同器官间分配的影响。结果表明:(1)氮添加显著增加了整株植物或不同器官的生物量,降低了根冠比和根质量分数,但对叶质量分数和茎质量分数无显著影响;(2)氮添加对不同器官质量分数的影响受实验条件、植物功能性状、纬度、氮添加率等因子单独或交互作用的调控;(3)氮添加对生物量在不同器官间的异速分配率无显著影响,表明氮添加导致的根冠比和根质量分数减少是在异速分配模式下由整株植物生物量增加而致。虽然氮添加改变了地上和地下部分的质量分数,但不同器官生物量间异速分配模式的稳定性表明“异速分配假说”能更好地描述植物生物量分配对氮添加的响应规律。该研究结果将有助于深入认识氮沉降环境下植物生物量的分配规律,同时表明将生物量分配纳入有关氮沉降对陆地生态系统影响的预测模型中的重要性。

关键词：整合分析异速生长质量分数生态系统植物功能性状全球尺度

Variations in root chemistry of three common forest species,southwestern China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第3期30卷 827-834页

作者： Qun Liu Wanqin Yang Fuzhong Wu Bo Tan Li Zhang Zhenfeng Xu Long-term Research Station of Alpine Forest Ecosystems Institute of Forest and Ecology Sichuan Agricultural University

Root chemistry varies with tree species and root diameter but little information is available about Tibetan forest species. The root chemistry of three root diameter classes (fine: 0–2 mm, medium: 2–5 mm, coarse: 5–10 mm) of three subalpine species (Abies faxoniana Rehd. and Wild, Picea asperata Mast., and Betula albosinensis Burkill) were investigated. Carbon concentrations, and carbon/nitrogen and carbon/phosphorus ratios increased but nitrogen, phosphorus and nitrogen/phosphorus ratios decreased with increasing root diameter. The roots of the conifers had higher carbon levels, and higher carbon/nitrogen and carbon/phosphorus ratios than birch roots. The opposite was found with nitrogen and phosphorus levels and nitrogen/phosphorus ratios. Lignin concentrations decreased but cellulose concentrations increased with greater root diameters. The results indicate that diameter-associated variations in root chemistry may regulate their contribution to detrital pools which has important implications for below-ground carbon and nutrient cycles in these subalpine forests.

关键词： Root diameter Lignin Cellulose Stoichiometry Subalpine forest

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马铃薯机械操作与维修技术

农机使用与维修 2023年第4期 109-111页

作者：吴福中新乡职业技术学院河南新乡453000

马铃薯机械的正确操作、安全使用和定期保养是提高马铃薯机械田间工作效率、延长机器使用寿命和保障操作人员身体健康的重要技术保障与前提,因此,系统论述了马铃薯不同机械的基本结构、技术参数、操作技术和保养要求,研究结果旨在为形... 详细信息

马铃薯机械的正确操作、安全使用和定期保养是提高马铃薯机械田间工作效率、延长机器使用寿命和保障操作人员身体健康的重要技术保障与前提,因此,系统论述了马铃薯不同机械的基本结构、技术参数、操作技术和保养要求,研究结果旨在为形成完善的马铃薯机械规范操作和保养体系提供参考,对于提高农户的专业知识具有重要意义。

关键词：马铃薯种植机械中耕施肥收获机械规范操作

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基于支持向量机的点云曲面刀具路径规划

中国机械工程 2014年第6期25卷 766-770页

作者：吴福忠绍兴文理学院绍兴312000

针对单值散乱点云曲面刀具路径规划问题,提出了一种基于最小二乘支持向量机的计算方法。在计算过程中,将点云数据向平面投影,得到二维点集。应用网格划分和边界网格内测量点高斯映射技术,提取平面区域内的边界特征点。用边界特征点定义... 详细信息

针对单值散乱点云曲面刀具路径规划问题,提出了一种基于最小二乘支持向量机的计算方法。在计算过程中,将点云数据向平面投影,得到二维点集。应用网格划分和边界网格内测量点高斯映射技术,提取平面区域内的边界特征点。用边界特征点定义点云曲面的实际加工区域,在此区域内规划平行等间距刀具路径。应用最小二乘支持向量机拟合点云数据,求得被加工曲面的连续表达模型,经此模型将二维刀具路径数据向三维空间映射,求出刀触点数据。将刀触点经法向偏置计算,求得刀位点。实例验证证明,该方法能较好地解决信息不完备散乱点云曲面刀具路径生成问题。

关键词：最小二乘支持向量机点云曲面刀具路径数控加工