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Trends and Age-Period-Cohort Effect on Acute Hepatitis B Incidence - China, 2005-2021

CHINA CDC WEEKLY 2024年第30期6卷 727-733页

作者： wang, Lei Liu, Na Miao, Ning Zhang, Guomin wang, fuzhen wang, Huaqing Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Natl Immunizat Program Beijing Peoples R China

Introduction: : This study analyzed long-term trends in the incidence of acute hepatitis B (AHB) in China, focusing on age, period, and cohort effects on incidence. Methods: : Data on AHB from 2005 to 2021 were extracted from the National Notifiable Disease Reporting System (NNDRS) of China for analysis. Incidences of AHB were calculated by gender and age group using population denominators from the 2000, 2010, and 2020 censuses. Joinpoint regression was employed to evaluate trends, and an age-period-cohort model was used to assess the age, period, and cohort effects. Results: : The annual average incidence of reported AHB in children aged 14 years and below in low, intermediate, and high endemic areas decreased from 1.65, 2.33, and 2.56 per 100,000 in 2005-2010 to 0.56, 0.58, and 0.48 per 100,000 in the 2016-2021 period. The 15-39-year age group in high endemic areas exhibited the most significant decline in incidence, dropping from 23.14 per 100,000 in 2005 to 4.59 per 100,000 in 2021 among males and from 10.62 per 100,000 to 3.21 per 100,000 among females. Age-period-cohort analysis indicated decreasing age, period, and cohort effects for reported AHB incidence in each endemic area, except for a slight upward trend in the 15-19-year age group and in the cohort born between 1951 and 1955. Conclusions: : This study demonstrated a rapid decline in AHB incidence across various endemic areas since 2005. Children aged 14 years and below exhibited very low AHB incidences, while the incidence among individuals over 15 years was higher. To further reduce AHB incidence, hepatitis B vaccine (HepB) coverage should be enhanced among adolescents and adults.

关键词： Hepatitis B Age-period-cohort analysis Reported incidence Trends

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Effects of Three Major Immunization Interventions on Measles Control—China,1952–2021

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China CDC weekly 2023年第17期5卷 385-390页

作者： Quanwei Song Chao Ma Lixin Hao fuzhen wang Zhijie An Zundong Yin Huaqing wang National Immunization Program Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina

Measles,an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by the measles virus,was responsible for millions of deaths annually before the introduction of the measles vaccine(MV)(1).Widespread availability of measles vaccines and the initiation of the Expanded Program on Immunization,approved at the 27th World Health Assembly in 1974(2),have significantly improved global measles *** China,measles has been a statutorily notifiable disease since the establishment of the National Notifiable Diseases Reporting System(NNDRS)in 1950(3).

关键词： annually Measles Major

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A Scoping Review of Real-World Study in Vaccine Evaluation

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China CDC weekly 2024年第16期6卷 357-362页

作者： Lei wang Hong Yang Lanfang Xia Quanwei Song Na Liu Guomin Zhang fuzhen wang Huaqing wang National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases(NITFID) BeijingChina National Immunization Program Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina

Real-world study(RWS)gained prominence starting with a significant investigation on ramipril’s impact on hypertension in 1993(1).A key advancement for the Food and Drug Administration(FDA)occurred with the enactment of the 21st Century Cures Act in 2016,emphasizing RWS(2).The FDA’s Real-world Evidence Program establishes real-world data(RWD)as“data relating to patient health status and/or the delivery of health care routinely collected from a variety of sources”,while real-world evidence(RWE)is“clinical evidence about the usage and potential benefits or risks of a medical product derived from analysis of RWD”(3).The proliferation of big data,electronic medical records(EMR),electronic health records(EHR),and medical claims data offers vast information resources facilitating *** access to RWD allows for worldwide monitoring of the impacts of various public health initiatives like vaccination *** randomized clinical trials(RCTs)traditionally gauge vaccine efficacy and shortterm safety,RWS can assess vaccine performance and safety across larger,more diverse populations and are adept at identifying rare events not easily discernible in RCTs due to their infrequency.

关键词： routine gained traditionally

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Acute Hepatitis B--China,2005−2019

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China CDC weekly 2020年第30期2卷 559-563页

作者： Ning Miao Hui Zheng Xiaojin Sun fuzhen wang Guomin Zhang Zundong Yin National Immunization Program Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina

Introduction:Hepatitis B is a major public health threat in *** subtyping of acute hepatitis B(AHB)has been reported to China’s National Notifiable Disease Reporting System(NNDRS)since *** divided the years since NNDRS reporting started into three stages:a“primary stage”(2005−2008),a“catch-up stage”(2009−2012),and an“AHB surveillance pilot stage”(2013−2019).We evaluated characteristics of AHB and progress towards AHB control in these three ***:We obtained data on cases reported to NNDRS between January 1,2005 and December 31,2019 and compared the annual incidence of reported AHB in each of the three stages by region,age,and ***:The incidence of reported AHB declined from 7.52 per 100,000 in 2005 to 3.21 per 100,000 in 2019—a decrease of 57.31%.The annual incidences of AHB in the primary stage,the catch-up stage,and the AHB surveillance pilot stage were 7.45 per 100,000,5.78 per 100,000,and 4.26 per 100,000,respectively;7 provincial-level administrative divisions(PLADs)had an annual incidence of more than 10 per 100,000 in the primary stage,5 PLADs in the catch-up stage,and 1 in the AHB surveillance pilot *** group aged 20−29 years old had the highest annual rate of reported AHB in the primary stage(14.35 per 100,000)and in the catch-up stage(10.42 per 100,000),and the group aged 30−39 years old had the highest annual rate in the surveillance pilot stage(5.89 per 100,000).AHB affected males and females in all age *** and Implications for Public Health Practice:The incidence of AHB had decreased significantly since the start of the NNDRS reporting in 2005,but additional action is needed to eliminate AHB in *** B vaccine(HepB)coverage in adults should be increased to reduce new AHB cases among people over 20 years old,epidemiological investigations of AHB cases should be conducted to identify risk factors for infection,and prevention of mother-to-child transmission needs to be strengthened.

关键词： prevention mother eliminate

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Progress Towards Hepatitis A Control and Prevention Through 2019:the National Immunization Program of China

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China CDC weekly 2020年第31期2卷 591-595页

作者： Xiaojin Sun fuzhen wang Guomin Zhang Hui Zheng Ning Miao Zundong Yin Zhijie An National Immunization Program Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina

Hepatitis A is an infectious liver disease caused by hepatitis A virus(HAV)that results in mild to severe *** is spread to immunologically naïve persons who ingest food or water contaminated with feces from HAV-infected individuals(1).Hepatitis A is often seen in sporadic cases,but is also seen in large outbreaks,such as the 1988 outbreak in Shanghai that caused over 300,000 cases and huge economic losses(2).

关键词： cases infected illness

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Estimation of Incidence of Herpes Zoster in Three Cities of China,2019-2020

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期37卷 1091-1094页

作者： Qian Zhang Wei Qin Zhenshui Huang Lilin Liang Qianqian Hu Yao wang Fan Pan Feng Cui Xinli Liu Lin Tang Xiaoqi wang Chao Ma fuzhen wang Zundong Yin National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease Beijing 102206China National Immunization Program Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 100050China Lu’an Center for Disease Control and Prevention Lu’an 23700Anhui China Zibo Center for Disease Control and Prevention Zibo 255026ShandongChina Tongchuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention Tongchuan 727031ShaanxiChina

Herpes zoster(HZ)is a painful condition resulting from reactivation of dormant varicella-zoster virus(VZV)in a previously VZV-infected person[1].Typical clinical manifestation of HZ are unilateral radicular pain and a vesicular rash limited to one side of the body in the distribution of a nerve[2].The most common complication of HZ postherpetic neuralgia(PHN).

关键词： zoster Herpes clinical

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Impact of National Immunization Strategies on Vaccine- Preventable Diseases — China, 1950–2021

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China CDC weekly 2024年第16期6卷 339-343页

作者： Quanwei Song Yixing Li Lei Cao Lixin Hao Ning Wen fuzhen wang Chao Ma Guomin Zhang Hui Zheng Wenzhou Yu Zhijie An Zundong Yin Huaqing wang National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases(NITFID) BeijingChina National Immunization Program Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina

What is already known about this topic?The incidences of vaccine-preventable diseases(VPDs)included in the Expanded Program on Immunization in China have decreased significantly in recent *** is added by this report?This study summarizes the national incidences of nine VPDs and the seroprevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)under different immunization strategies from 1950 through 2021 in *** sharpest decreases in VPD incidence and under-5-year HBsAg seroprevalence occurred during the latest stage of the National Immunization *** decreases in VPD incidence were most prominent among children under five years of *** are the implications for public health practice?These findings provide valuable insights for vaccine value assessment and emphasize the importance of implementing immunization strategies in targeted populations.

关键词： vaccine diseases Impact

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Thirty Years of Experience of Acute Flaccid Paralysis Surveillance for Polio — China, 1993–2022

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China CDC weekly 2024年第16期6卷 344-349页

作者： Hong Yang Ning Wen Chunxiang Fan fuzhen wang Yong Zhang Lei Cao Shuangli Zhu Lixin Hao Dongmei Yan Lei wang Quanwei Song Miao wang Yifan Song Chao Ma Zhijie An Lance ERodewald Huaqing wang Zundong Yin National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases(NITFID) BeijingChina National Immunization Program Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina

Introduction:Detecting poliovirus infections proves to be highly challenging due to their asymptomatic nature and infectious potential,highlighting the crucial importance of effective detection methods in the context of polio eradication *** many countries,including China,the primary approach for identifying polio outbreaks has been through acute flaccid paralysis(AFP)*** this study,we conducted an evaluation spanning three decades(1993–2022)to assess the effectiveness of AFP surveillance in ***:Data on all AFP cases identified since 1993 and national-level AFP surveillance system quality indicators aligned with the World Health Organization(WHO)standards were collected for *** quality indicators assess surveillance sensitivity,completeness,timeliness of detection notification,case investigation,and laboratory *** sensitivity is determined by the non-polio AFP(NPAFP)detection rate among children under 15 years of ***:Between 1993 and 2022,a total of 150,779 AFP cases were identified and *** this pool,surveillance identified 95 cases of wild poliovirus(WPV)and 24 cases due to vaccinederived *** 1995 onwards,the detection rate of NPAFP cases consistently adhered to the WHO and national standards of≥1 case per 100,000,falling between 1.38 and *** in 1997,all timeliness indicators consistently achieved the criteria of 80%,apart from the consistency in meeting standards set for the rate of positive specimens sent to the national ***:AFP surveillance has been instrumental in China’s accomplishment of maintaining a polio-free *** ongoing adherence to key performance indicators,ensuring sensitivity and prompt specimen collection,demonstrates that AFP surveillance is proficient in detecting poliovirus in *** we move into the post-eradication phase,AFP surveillance remains crucial for the sustained absence of polioviruses in the long term.

关键词： sustained prompt surveillance

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Association of COVID-19 Vaccination and Clinical Severity of Patients Infected with Delta or Omicron Variants——China,May 21,2021-February 28,2022

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China CDC weekly 2022年第14期4卷 293-297页

作者： Mingshuang Li Qianqian Liu Dan Wu Lin Tang Xiaoqi wang Tingting Yan Zhijie An Zundong Yin Geroge F.Gao fuzhen wang Hui Zheng Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention BeijingChina

Summary What is already known about this topic?Compared with the international mRNA and adenovirus-vectored coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)vaccines,there is less real-world research data about breakthrough cases in people vaccinated with China-made COVID-19 *** of clinical outcomes of breakthrough cases will be an important supplement to the clinical trial efficacy and observational effectiveness data of China-made COVID-19 vaccines.

关键词： clinical breakthrough Infect

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The Epidemiological Characteristics and Spatiotemporal Clustering of Measles—China,2005-2022

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China CDC weekly 2024年第27期6卷 665-669页

作者： Qianqian Liu Jiuhong Li Siyu Liu Lin Tang Xiaoqi wang Aodi Huang Xia Xu Yuexin Xiu Hong Yang Ning Wen Lance Rodewald fuzhen wang Zundong Yin National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases National Immunization ProgramChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina

Introduction:In recent years,the incidence of measles in China has consistently remained below 1 per 100,000 population,yet the disease has not been *** study aims to comprehensively analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles from 2005 to 2022,identify high-risk populations and areas,and propose targeted ***:We utilized data from the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System for our comprehensive *** autocorrelation was employed to examine the spatial clustering of measles,while spatiotemporal scanning analysis was used to detect spatiotemporal clustering to describe measles epidemiology during the study ***:Between 2005 and 2022,732,218 measles cases were reported in ***,the incidence of measles exhibited a downward trend,particularly during the periods of 2008-2011 and *** 2022,the incidence rate reached its historical low at 0.039 per 100,000 *** predominantly affects young *** 2017,global spatial clustering has diminished,although hotspot areas persist in the western ***-temporal scanning identified a high-incidence cluster from 2005 to 2008,comprising 15 provinces in the western,central,and northern regions of ***,from 2016 to 2022,a low-incidence cluster was detected in the southern and central ***:China has made significant progress in measles prevention and *** recent low incidence and absence of substantial spatiotemporal clustering indicate that China is nearing measles ***,there is a continuing need to enhance prevention and control efforts among very young children and in historic incidence hotspots in western ***,improving the diagnosis of vaccine-associated rash illnesses is essential.

关键词： prevention Spatial utilized

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