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Dynamics of major air pollutants from crop residue burning in China's Mainland,2000–2014

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第8期30卷 190-205页

作者： Quanfeng Jin Xiangqing Ma Guangyu Wang Xiajie Yang futao guo College of Forestry Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China Co-innovation Center for Soil and Water Conservation in the Red Soil Region of the Cross-straits Fuzhou 350002China Li Shui Vocational Technical College Lishui 323000China Asia-Pacific Forest Research Centre Faculty of ForestryUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBC V6T 1Z4Canada

Based on satellite image data and China＇s Statistical Yearbooks（2000 to 2014）, we estimated the total mass of crop residue burned, and the proportion of residue burned in the field *** as domestic fuel. The total emissions of various pollutants from the burning of crop residue were estimated for 2000-2014 using the emission factor method. The results indicate that the total amount of crop residue and average burned mass were 8690.9 Tg and4914.6 Tg, respectively. The total amount of emitted pollutants including CO2, CO, NOx,VOCs, PM（2.5）, OC（organic carbon）, EC（element carbon） and TC（total carbon） were 4212.4–8440.9 Tg, 192.8–579.4 Tg, 4.8–19.4 Tg, 18.6–61.3 Tg, 18.8–49.7 Tg, 6.7–31.3 Tg, 2.3–4.7 Tg, and8.5–34.1 Tg, respectively. The emissions of pollutants released from crop residue burning were found to be spatially variable, with the burning of crop residue mainly occurring in Northeast, North and South China. In addition, pollutant emissions per unit area（10 km ×10 km） were mostly concentrated in the central and eastern regions of China. Emissions of CO2, NOx, VOCs, OC and TC were mainly from rice straw burning, while burning of corn and wheat residues contributed most to emissions of CO, PM（2.5） and EC. The increased ratio of PM（2.5） emissions from crop residue burning to the total emitted from industry during the study period is attributed to the implementation of strict emissions management policies in Chinese industry. This study also provides baseline data for assessment of the regional atmospheric environment.

关键词： Agricultural pollutants Crop residue Straw burning Air pollution Temporal and spatial variations

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Forest succession trajectories after fi res in valleys and on slopes in the Greater Khingan Mountains,China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第3期34卷 623-640页

作者： Chao Zhong Meng guo Fenfen Zhou Jianuo Li Fangbing Yu futao guo Wenshan Li Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains Ministry of EducationSchool of Geographical SciencesNortheast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024People’s Republic of China College of Forestry Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002People’s Republic of China Huzhong Nature Reserve Administration of Heilongjiang Province Huzhong 165033People’s Republic of China

Accurate assessment of postfire vegetation recovery is important for forest management and the conservation of species *** is an important factor aff ecting vegetation recovery but whether species composition varies with diff erent recovery stages and between valleys and slopes is *** fi eld data and a space-for-time substitution method,we quantifi ed species richness and diversity to obtain the successional trajectories of valleys and *** surveyed the species of 10 burned areas from 1986 to 2010 in the Greater Khingan Mountains in northeastern China,and found that with increasing postfi re recovery time,species richness in both valleys and slopes gradually ***,species richness in valleys was relatively *** recovered rapidly in the valleys,and species diversity maximized approximately 11 years after fi ***,it maximized 17–18 years after fi re on the *** shade-tolerant species were present in the valleys 11 years after fi re but not until after 18 years on *** appeared earlier than 11 years after fi re and its recovery was slow in the valleys but appeared quickly on slopes and established dominance *** study provides some new insights into vegetation succession after fi re at local *** fi re,the vegetation recovery processes diff er with topography and it aff ects the initial rate of recovery and species composition at diff erent successional stages.

关键词： Vegetation recovery Valleys and slopes Space-for-time substitution Species richness/diversity/composition Greater Khingan Mountains

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Estimation of gases emitted by forest fires based on remote sensing data

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Journal of Forestry Research 2016年第2期27卷 369-378页

作者： Qiang Wang futao guo Haiqing Hu Sen Jin Zhangwen Su Forestry College Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People's Republic of China Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou 350002People's Republic of China

Forest fire, an important agent for change in many forest ecosystems, plays an important role in atmo- spheric chemical cycles and the carbon cycle. The primary emissions from forest fire, CO2, CO, CH4, long-chained hydrocarbons and volatile organic oxides, however, have not been well quantified. Quantifying the carbonaceous gas emissions of forest fires is a critical part to better under- stand the significance of forest fire in calculating carbon balance and forecasting climate change. This study uses images from Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus （ETM＋） on the Earth-observing satellite LANDSAT-7 for the year 2005 to estimate the total gases emitted by the 2006 Kanduhe forest fire in the Daxing＇an Mountains. Our results suggest that the fire emitted approximately 149,187.66 t CO2, 21,187.70 t CO, 1925.41 t CxHy, 470.76 t NO and 658.77 t SO2. In addition, the gases emitted from larch forests were significantly higher than from both broadleaf-needle leaf mixed forests and broadleaf mixed forests.

关键词： Forest fire Gases estimation Daxing'anMountains China Fuel load estimation Fuel loadconsumption Greenhouse gases Carbon

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The effect of fire disturbance on short-term soil respiration in typical forest of Greater Xing'an Range, China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2014年第3期25卷 613-620页

作者： Long Sun Tongxin Hu Ji Hong Kim futao guo Hong Song Xinshuang Lv Haiqing Hu College of Forestry Northeast Forestry University Department of Forest Management Kangwon National University College of Forestry Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University

We investigated the effect of fire disturbance on short-term soil respiration in birch （Betula platyphylla Suk.） and larch （Larix gmelinii Rupr.） forests in Greater Xing’an range, northeastern China for further understanding of its effect on the carbon cycle in ecosystems. Our study show that post-fire soil respiration rates in B. platyphylla and L. gmelinii forests were reduced by 14%and 10%, respectively. In contrast, the soil heterotrophic respiration rates in the two types of forest were similar in post-fire and control plots. After fire, the contribution of root respiration to total soil respiration was dramatically reduced. Variation in soil respiration rates was explained by soil moisture （W） and soil tem-perature （T） at a depth of 5 cm. Exponential regression fitted T and W models explained Rs rates in B. platyphylla control and post-fire plots （83.1% and 86.2%） and L. gmelinii control and post-fire plots （83.7%and 88.7%）. In addition, the short-term temperature coefficients in B.

关键词： fire disturbance short-term soil respiration environmentfactors Q10

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Gamma generalized linear model to investigate the effects of climate variables on the area burned by forest fire in northeast China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2015年第3期26卷 545-555页

作者： futao guo Guangyu Wang John L. Innes Xiangqing Ma Long Sun Haiqing Hu Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Sustainable Forest Management Laboratory Faculty of Forestry University of British Columbia VancouverBC V6T 1Z4 Canada Faculty of Forestry Northeast Forestry University

The purpose of this study was to determine a suitable model for investigating the effects of climate factors on the area burned by forest fire in the Tahe forest region, Daxing＇an Mountains, in northeast China. The response variables were the area burned by lightning- caused fire, human-caused fire, and total burned area. The predictor variables were nine climate variables collected from the local weather station. Three regression models were utilized, including multiple linear regression, log- linear model （log-transformation on both response and predictor variables）, and gamma-generalized linear model. The goodness-of-fit of the models were compared based on model fitting statistics such as R2, AIC, and RMSE. The results revealed that the gamma-generalized linear model was generally superior to both multiple linear regressionmodel and log-linear model for fitting the fire data. Further, the best models were selected based on the criteria that the climate variables were statistically significant at at = 0.05. The gamma best models indicated that maximum wind speed, precipitation, and days that rainfall greater than 0.1 mm had significant impacts on the area burned by the lightning-caused fire, while the mean temperature and minimum relative humidity were the .main drivers of the burned area caused by human activities. Overall, the total burned area by forest fire was significantly influenced by days that rainfall greater than 0.1 mm and minimum rela- tive humidity, indicating that the moisture condition of forest stands determine the burned area by forest fire.

关键词： Lightning-caused fire Human-caused fire Multiple linear regression Log-linear model Daxing'anmountains

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Comparison of six generalized linear models for occurrence of lightning-induced fires in northern Daxing'an Mountains,China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2016年第2期27卷 379-388页

作者： futao guo Guangyu Wang John L. Innes Zhihai Ma Aiqin Liu Yurui Lin College of Forestry Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Sustainable Forest Management Laboratory Faculty of Forestry University of British Columbia Department of Medicine University of Calgary College of Computer and Information Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University

The occurrence of lightning-induced forest fires during a time period is count data featuring over-dispersion （i.e., variance is larger than mean） and a high frequency of zero counts. In this study, we used six generalized linear models to examine the relationship between the occurrence of lightning-induced forest fires and meteorological factors in the Northern Daxing＇an Mountains of China. The six models included Poisson, negative binomial （NB）, zero- inflated Poisson （ZIP）, zero-inflated negative binomial （ZINB）, Poisson hurdle （PH）, and negative binomial hurdle （NBH） models. Goodness-of-fit was compared and tested among the six models using Akaike information criterion （AIC）, sum of squared errors, likelihood ratio test, and Vuong test. The predictive performance of the models was assessed and compared using independent validation data by the data-splitting method. Based on the model AIC, the ZINB model best fitted the fire occurrence data, followed by （in order of smaller AIC） NBH, ZIP, NB, PH, and Poisson models. The ZINB model was also best for pre- dicting either zero counts or positive counts （〉1）. The two Hurdle models （PH and NBH） were better than ZIP, Poisson, and NB models for predicting positive counts, but worse than these three models for predicting zero counts. Thus, the ZINB model was the first choice for modeling the occurrence of lightning-induced forest fires in this study, which implied that the excessive zero counts of lightning- induced fires came from both structure and sampling zeros.

关键词： Poisson Negative binomial (NB) Zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP) Zero-inflated negative binomial(ZINB) Poisson hurdle (PH) Negative binomial hurdle(NBH) Likelihood ratio test (LRT) Vuong test

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Historic distribution and driving factors of human-caused fires in the Chinese boreal forest between 1972 and 2005

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2015年第5期8卷 480-490页

作者： futao guo John L.Innes Guangyu Wang Xiangqing Ma Long Sun Haiqing Hu Zhangwen Su Faculty of Forestry Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityNo.15 Shangxiadian RoadFuzhou 350002China Sustainable Forest Management Laboratory Faculty of ForestryUniversity of British Columbia2424 Main MallVancouverBritish Columbia V6T 1Z4Canada Faculty of Forestry Northeast Forestry UniversityNo.26 Hexing RoadHarbinHeilongjiang Province 150040China

Aims The pattern and driving factors of forest fires are of interest for fire occurrence prediction and forest fire *** aims of the study were:(i)to describe the history of human-caused fires by season and size of burned area over time;(ii)to identify the spatial patterns of human-caused fires and test for the existence of‘hotspots’to determine their exact locations in the Daxing’an mountains;(iii)to determine the driving factors that determine the spatial distribution and the possibility of human-caused fire *** In this study,K-function and Kernel density estimation were used to analyze the spatial pattern of human-caused *** analysis was conducted in s-plus and arcgIs environments,*** analysis of driving factors was performed in SPSS 19.0 based on a logistic regression *** variables used to identify factors that influence fire occurrence included vegetation types,meteorological conditions,socioeconomic factors,topography and infrastructure factors,which were extracted and collected through the spatial analysis mode of arcgIs and from official statistics,*** Findings The annual number of human-caused fires and the area burnt have declined since 1987 due to the implementation of a forest fire protection *** were significant spatial heterogeneity and seasonal variations in the distribution of human-caused fires in the Daxing’an *** heterogeneity was caused by elevation,distance to the nearest railway,forest type and temperature.a logistic regression model was developed to predict the likelihood of human-caused fire occurrence in the Daxing’an mountains;its global accuracy attained 64.8%.The model was thus comparable to other relevant studies.

关键词： anthropogenic fire spatial distribution K-function Kernel intensity estimation boreal forest logistic regression

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Adaptation of Asia-Pacific forests to climate change

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Journal of Forestry Research 2016年第3期27卷 469-488页

作者： Guangyu Wang Tongli Wang Haijun Kang Shari Mang Brianne Riehl Brad Seely Shirong Liu futao guo Qinglin Li John L.Innes Faculty of Forestry University of British Columbia 2424Main Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada College of Forestry Fujian Agriculture and ForestryUniversity Fuzhou 35002 China Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing 100091 China

Climate change is a threat to the stability and productivity of forest ecosystems throughout the AsiaPacific region. The loss of forests due to climate-induced stress will have extensive adverse impacts on biodiversity and an array of ecosystem services that are essential for the maintenance of local economies and public health. Despite their importance, there is a lack of decision-support tools required to evaluate the potential effects of climate change on Asia-Pacific ecosystems and economies and to aid in the development of regionally appropriate adaptation and mitigation strategies. The project Adaptation of AsiaPacific Forests to Climate Change, summarized herein,aims to address this lack of knowledge and tools and to provide support for regional managers to develop effective policy to increase the adaptive capacity of Asia-Pacific forest ecosystems. This objective has been achieved through the following activities：（1） development of a highresolution climate downscaling model, Climate AP, applicable to any location in the region;（2） development of climate niche models to evaluate how climate change might affect the distribution of suitable climatic conditions for regionally important tree species;（3） development and application of forest models to assess alternative management strategies in the context of management objectives and the projected impacts of climate change;（4） evaluation of models to assess forest fire risk and the relationship between forest fire and climate change;（5） development of a technique to assess ecosystem carbon storage using Li DAR; and（6） evaluation of how vegetation dynamics respond to climate change using remote sensing technology. All project outputs were developed with a focus on communication and extension to facilitate the dissemination of results to regional forest resource managers to support the development of effective mitigation and adaptation policy.

关键词： Adaptation Asia-Pacific Climate change Climate model Ecological model

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Erratum to: Adaptation of Asia-Pacific forests to climate change

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Journal of Forestry Research 2017年第5期28卷 1103-1104页

作者： Guangyu Wang Tongli Wang Haijun Kang Shari Mang Brianne Riehl Brad Seely Shirong Liu futao guo Qinglin Li Craig R. Nitschke John L. Innes Faculty of Forestry University of British Columbia 2424 Main Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada College of Forestry Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou 35002 China Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing 100091 China School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Melbourne 500 Yarra Blvd RichmondVIC 3121 Australia

During the final preparation of this manuscript, Craig ***'s name was inadvertently omitted from the list of authors. The corresponding author and all co-authors acknowledge that this was an error and that his name sh... 详细信息

关键词： Craig R.Nitschke's manuscript

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林火对森林虫害发生影响的研究

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林业科学 2006年第12期42卷 77-82页

作者：胡海清郭福涛东北林业大学哈尔滨150040

对黑龙江省的大兴安岭、黑河、伊春、牡丹江等林区近5年的火灾过火林地进行森林虫害调查分析。结果表明:大兴安岭及黑河林区森林过火后主要虫害为天牛和小蠹类;伊春林区食叶害虫种类较多,但危害较轻;牡丹江林区落叶松毛虫发生程度严重... 详细信息

对黑龙江省的大兴安岭、黑河、伊春、牡丹江等林区近5年的火灾过火林地进行森林虫害调查分析。结果表明:大兴安岭及黑河林区森林过火后主要虫害为天牛和小蠹类;伊春林区食叶害虫种类较多,但危害较轻;牡丹江林区落叶松毛虫发生程度严重。森林火灾后林内蛀干害虫大量发生,树干熏黑高度是影响虫害发生数量的一个重要因子。火烧强度与虫害发生数量呈正相关性;天牛及小蠹类虫害发生数量与树干熏黑高度线性关系明显;兴安落叶松林、樟子松林、白桦林的虫害发生数量与树干熏黑高度相关性较高,兴安落叶松和樟子松林尤为明显。

关键词：森林虫害林火相关性

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