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The Social Determinants of Health and the Role of the Health Care System: A Case Study of the Significance of Good Governance in Public Hospitals in South Africa

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Health 2016年第12期8卷 1288-1306页

作者： Adam fusheini John Eyles Jane Goudge Centre for Health Policy/MRC Health Policy Research Group School of Public Health Faculty of Health Sciences University of the Witwa-tersrand Johannesburg South Africa Department of Health Policy Planning and Management School of Public Health University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho Ghana School of Geography and Earth Sciences McMaster University Hamilton Canada

Increasingly international and national policies are being directed at actions for the social determinants of health and for an integrated approach to health care provision, not only in terms of institutional cooperation but also stakeholder involvement. A key component of both these policies is the development of good governance principles in all health care agencies and organizations. A neglected dimension in these debates has been the role of the public hospital which remains a vital and expensive dimension of service provision. In a case study of a public hospital in South Africa, this paper charts the readiness of its management principles and activities to provide quality health care linked to population health and to contribute to the non-medical determinant of health. Using Taylor’s principles of good governance, we conclude that there is a mixture of good and not so good governance activity. The paper concludes by examining the external constraints on the public hospital and by providing suggestions for future activities.

关键词： Social Determinants of Health Healthcare System Public Hospitals Governance and Governance Principles South Africa

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Potential Risks to the Environment as a Result of Pesticide Handling in the Nanumba-North Municipality, Ghana

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2023年第2期12卷 65-83页

作者： fusheini yakub. Kenneth B. Pelig-Ba Samson A. Abagale Lateef Adebayo Oseni Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences Navrongo Ghana

The present study deduced the potential risks to the environment as a result of pesticide handling in the Nanumba-North Municipality of the Northern Region of Ghana. Cluster sampling was used to select 30 communities from Nanumba-North Municipality. Simple random sampling and purposive sampling were used respectively to select 7 households from each community and one farmer from each household, giving a sample size of 210 farmers. The instrument used for the study was a questionnaire of respondents. The quantitative data obtained were analyzed using frequencies and percentages. The study concluded that 11 types of pesticides are commonly used by the farmers on their fields, with atrazine (22%) being the most commonly used pesticide which is an herbicide, and deltamethrin (1%) was the least used pesticide which is an insecticide. The study, therefore, recommends that appropriate authorities in the area should inculcate means to enlighten farmers on the best way of pesticide utilization that can beef up the ambition of sustainable agricultural production and desirable environmental conditions.

关键词： Pesticide Risk Nanumba-North Municipality Environment

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