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Evaluation of biogas production from co-digestion of pig dung,water hyacinth and poultry droppings

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2019年第4期1卷 271-277页

作者： Akindele O.Okewale Olusola a.adesina Department of Chemical Engineering Federal University of Petroleum ResourcesEffurunDelta StateNigeria Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Afe Babalola UniversityAdo EkitiEkiti StateNigeria

In this study,biogas production from co-digestion of pig dung,water hyacinth,and poultry droppings was investigated.500 ml bio-digesters were connected in series and water displacement method was used to estimate the amount of biogas *** ratio of the percentage weight distribution of pig dung to water hyacinth to poultry dropping was varied as:(0:40:60),(30:40:30),(15:40:45),(45:40:15),and(60:40:0)in digesters A1,B2,C3,D4 and E5,*** highest biogas cumulative yield of 307 cm^(3) CH_(4)/g was obtained in Digester *** gas chromatography analysis showed 22.50 wt%(CO_(2)),64.92 wt%(CH_(4))and 4.83 wt%(N_(2))which implied that the biogas produced can be used for cooking and heating of homes in rural and urban communities.

关键词： Biogas Co-digestion Digester

Reaction of nitrous oxide with methane to synthesis gas:A thermodynamic and catalytic study

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2017年第1期26卷 155-162页

作者： Naseer A.Khan Eric M.Kennedy Bogdan Z.Dlugogorski Adesoji a.adesina Michael Stockenhuber Priority Research Centre for Energy(PRCfE) The University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia Department of Chemical Engineering UETPeshawarKPKPakistan School of Engineering and Information Technology Murdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150Australia ATODATECH LLC BrentwoodCA 94513USA

The aim of the present study is to explore the coherence of thermodynamic equilibrium predictions with the actual catalytic reaction of CH4 with N2O,particularly at higher CH4 *** this purpose,key process variables,such as temperature(300℃-550℃) and a molar feed ratio(N2O/CH4 = 1,3,and 5),were altered to establish the conditions for maximized *** experimental study was conducted over the Co-ZSM-5 catalyst in a fixed bed tubular reactor and then compared with the thermodynamic equilibrium compositions,where the equilibrium composition was calculated via total Gibbs free energy minimization *** results suggest that molar feed ratio plays an important role in the overall reaction products *** for N2O conversions,and irrespective of N2O/CH4feed ratio,the thermodynamic predictions coincide with experimental data obtained at approximately 475℃-550℃,indicating that the reactions are kinetically limited at lower range of *** example,theoretical calculations show that the H2 yield is zero in presence of excess N2O(N2O/CH4= 5).However over a Co-ZSM-5 catalyst,and with a same molar feed ratio(N2O/CH4) of 5,the H2yield is initially 10%at 425℃,while above450℃ it drops to ***,H2yield steadily increases with temperature and with the level of CH4 conversion for reactions limited by N2O concentration in a reactant *** maximum attainable(from thermodynamic calculations and at a feed ratio of N2O/CH4=3) H2yield at 550℃ is 38%,whereas at same temperature and over Co-ZSM-5,the experimentally observed yield is about 19%.Carbon deposition on Co-ZSM-5 at lower temperatures and CH4 conversion(less than 50%) was also *** higher temperatures and levels of CH4conversion(above 90%),the deposited carbon is suggested to react with N2O to form CO2.

关键词： Gibbs free energy minimization N2O CH4 Synthesis gas

Performance and sustainability overview of alkali-activated self-compacting concrete

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2020年第3期2卷 165-175页

作者： Adeyemi adesina Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of WindsorWindsorCanada

Self-compacting concrete(SCC)has gained huge attention recently due to its high workability which eliminates the need for vibration and makes its placement easier compared to conventional ***,the production of Portland cement(PC)which is the main binder in SCC is energy-intensive and one of the major contributors to the world’s carbon dioxide *** the other hand,the use of alkali-activated binders(AABs)in concrete has been reported to reduce the energy consumption and carbon emission of concrete by more than 50%.Therefore,the use of AAB as a binder in SCC can help to achieve an eco-friendlier *** paper gives a short overview of the performance of SCC made with *** effect of various factors on the performance of alkali-activated self-compacting concrete(AASCC)was discussed and a simplified sustainability assessment of AASCC was carried *** from this paper showed that AASCC with acceptable fresh and hardened properties can be achieved with the proper selection of *** addition,the evaluation of the embodied energy and carbon of different types of concrete showed that AASCC is more ***,more research in this field is required to encourage its universal acceptance and large-scale application.

关键词： Concrete Self-compacting concrete Alkali-activated concrete Sustainability Clean technology

Level of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emission in the ambient air and residual ash from a typical municipal solid waste open burning site in Nigeria

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2020年第2期2卷 105-111页

作者： Olusola Adedayo adesina Adeyinka Olumide adesina Jamiu Adetayo Adeniran Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Afe Babalola UniversityAdo-EkitiNigeria Department of Nanoscience Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering University of North CarolinaGreensboroUSA Climate and Ocean-Atmosphere Studies Laboratory Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic SciencesPeking UniversityBeijingChina Environmental Engineering Research Laboratory Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of IlorinIlorinNigeria

Open burning of municipal solid waste(MSW)is a common practice in *** of compounds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon(PAHs)in ambient air and ash residues from burning of these wastes pose a great danger to the *** study investigated the contribution of open burning of MSW to the levels of PAHs in ambient air and ash residues from the burning *** samples were obtained from six sampling locations at a MSW burning *** foam passive samplers were used in collecting ambient air *** of PAHs was carried out using GC-MS operated in selected ion monitoring *** trend of ambient concentration of PAHs was;ΣPAHs AS-A(4.023)>AS-B(3.798)>AS-D(3.468)>AS-C(3.288),while average concentration of PAHs in the ash was 6.12 mg/*** of PAHs in ash samples ranged from 5.69-6.34 mg/*** component analysis(PCA)showed that most of the PAHs in the ambient were from MSW *** results obtained suggest that concerted effort of the government and the relevant stakeholders is required to safeguard the environment and humans from PAH pollution from open burning of MSW.

关键词： Pahs Open burning Toxicity equivalent PUF Ash

Climate Change and Adaptation in Nigeria:Some Background to Nigeria’s Response-Ⅲ

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Climate Change and Adaptation in Nigeria:Some Background to ...

Determining a representative element volume for DEM simulations of samples with non-circular particles

International Conference on Environmental and Agriculture Engineering（ICEAE 2011）

作者： Francis a.adesina Theophilus O.Odekunle Department of Geography Obafemi Awolowo University

This concluding part of the larger paper evaluates some aspects of the Nigeria’s vulnerability to the impacts of climate change and discusses potential adaptation strategies that can help in coping with or reducing the impacts of the change in the agriculture and forestry sectors. The vulnerabilities of the various parts of the country were computed, using a wide range of socio-economic parameters and physical environmental factors. The results show that there had been important variability in the rainfall and temperature regimes which ‘expose’ the country to severe impacts of climate change. The vulnerability assessment further shows that the country’s resilience to climate change impact is very weak especially in the Sudano-Sahelian zone. Considering the nature of the vulnerabilities, the paper proposed a number of adaptation strategies mainly in the Agriculture and Forestry sectors. The paper concludes that development and implementation of appropriate policy instrument will be important in ensuring that the country effectively addresses its adaptation challenges.

关键词： Nigeria climate change vulnerability adaptation exposure forestry agriculture.

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Particuology 2022年第9期20卷 29-43页

作者： Peter adesina Catherine O'Sullivan Tokio Morimoto Masahide Otsubo Dept.of Civil and Environmental Engineering Imperial College LondonSouth KensingtonLondon SW72AZUK Institute of Industrial Science The University of Tokyo4-6-1 Komaba Meguro-kuTokyo 153-8505Japan

Numerical studies on the number of particles or system size required to attain a representative element volume(REV)for discrete element method(DEM)simulations of granular materials have almost always considered samples with spherical or circular *** study considers how many particles are needed to attain a REV for 2D samples of 2-disc cluster particles where the particle aspect ratio(AR)was systematically *** and loose assemblies of particles were *** minimum REV was assessed both by considering the repeatability of static packing characteristics and the shearing behaviour in biaxial compression tests,and by investigating the effect of sample size on the measured characteris-tics and observed shearing *** repeatability of the data considered generally improved with increasing sample *** packing characteristics of the dense samples were more repeatable suggest-ing that the minimum REV reduces with increasing packing *** minimum REV was observed to be sensitive to the characteristic *** the overall responses of the samples during shear deformation were similar irrespective of the sample sizes,the smaller the sample size,the higher the fluctuations observed in the *** of the coefficient of variation of the fluctuations around the critical state stress ratio can provide insight as to whether a REV is *** particle AR influences the effect of sample size on shearing characteristics and thus the minimum number of particles required to attain a REV;this can be explained by the influence of AR on the number of contacts within the samples.

关键词： DEM Representative element volume Non-circular particles Particle shape Granular materials

A modified predictive model for estimating gas flow rate in horizontal drain hole

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Petroleum 2019年第1期5卷 35-41页

作者： Fadairo adesina Oladepo Adebowale Adeyemi Gbadegesin Petroleum Engineering Department Covenant UniversityOtaNigeria

Accurate prediction of the flow rate of horizontal gas well is necessary for economic feasibility,planning and development of gas *** of the early models assumed that the production from the horizontal well is infinitely conductive except few recent *** recent models reported in the literature for estimating flow rate in horizontal well where the pressure losses due to friction along horizontal drain hole was *** improved model that checks the impact of all possible well bore pressure losses on gas production rate of horizontal well is *** neglected impact of well bore pressure losses due to fluid accumulation and kinetic energy in the past models is thought to be a conceivable reason for the inconsistency between computed rates from the models and rates got from production *** new model was validated using the same field contextual investigation utilized by Guo et *** outcome got from the new model yields more satisfactory results.A more realistic results that evident all flow phenomena in gas well include the initial unsteady,pseudo-steady and steady state flow condition hence flow rate at any given production time has been established for flow of gas along horizontal *** outcomes of the study demonstrate that the percentage deviation of the new model at steady state flow condition is less than 5.0%compared with 11.05%acquired from Guo et *** following by 259.7%from Furui's model,and 1118.2%got from Joshi's *** work gives field operators a precise and helpful device for prediction and assessment of production in a gas horizontal well.

关键词： Flow rate Horizontal well Unsteadiness Steadiness Well bore pressure losses

Occupational Exposure to Municipal Solid Wastes and Development of Toxic Neuropathies:Possible Role of Nutrient Supplementation,Complementary and Alternative Medicines in Chemoprevention

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2014年第9期20卷 643-653页

作者： Martins Ekor adesina O.Odewabi Department of Pharmacology School of Medical SciencesUniversity of Cape CoastCape CoastGhana Department of Chemical Pathology and Immunology Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching HospitalOgun StateNigeria

Achieving effective municipal solid waste （MSW） management remains a major challenge and waste generation and accumulation continue to constitute important environmental and public health concern, particularly in most developing countries. Although the general population is at risk of adverse health consequences and hazards associated with exposure to MSW, the waste management workers （WMWs） are the most vulnerable because of their direct involvement in the disposal of waste, with increasing evidence of work-related health and safety risks among these individuals. Among the numerous work-related health hazards prevalent in WMWs, development of toxic neuropathies following chronic occupational exposure remains poorly recognized. However, the risk or predisposition to toxic neuropathies is becoming evident considering the increasing recognition of large amount of neurotoxic heavy metals and hazardous industrial materials present in MSW in mostparts of the world. The present review seeks to draw attention to the continuous vulnerability of the WMWs to developing toxic neuropathies. This is aimed at facilitating conscious efforts by relevant governmental and non- governmental agencies towards promoting risk reduction and ensuring adequate protection against possible toxic polyneuropathies associated with occupational exposure to solid wastes. While continuous education of the WMWs on the need for adequate compliance to safety regulations and practice remains sacrosanct towards achieving significant reduction in toxic neuropathies and related adverse health consequences of waste handling, it is also our intention in this review to underscore the possible relevance of nutrient supplementation and alternative medicines in chemoprevention.

关键词： toxic neuropathies occupational exposure municipal solid waste nutrient/dietarysupplementation complementary and alternative medicine chemoprevention

Direct radiative forcing of urban aerosols over Pretoria(25.75°S, 28.28°E) using AERONET Sunphotometer data:First scientific results and environmental impact

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第12期26卷 2459-2474页

作者： Ayodele Joseph adesina Kanike Raghavendra Kumar Venkataraman Sivakumar Derek Griffith Discipline of Physics School of Chemistry and Physics College of Agriculture Engineering and Science Westville CampusUniversity of Kwa Zulu–Natal Durban 4000 South Africa Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration School of Atmospheric PhysicsNanjing University of Information Science and Technology Optronic Sensor Systems Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)–DPSS Pretoria 0001 South Africa

The present study uses the data collected from Cimel Sunphotometer of Aerosol Robotic Network（AERONET） for the period from January to December, 2012 over an urban site,Pretoria（PTR; 25.75°S, 28.28°E, 1449 m above sea level）, South Africa. We found that monthly mean aerosol optical depth（AOD, τa） exhibits two maxima that occurred in summer（February） and winter（August） having values of 0.36 ± 0.19 and 0.25 ± 0.14,respectively, high-to-moderate values in spring and thereafter, decreases from autumn with a minima in early winter（June） 0.12 ± 0.07. The Angstrom exponents（α440–870） likewise,have its peak in summer（January） 1.70 ± 0.21 and lowest in early winter（June） 1.38 ± 0.26,while the columnar water vapor（CWV） followed AOD pattern with high values（summer） at the beginning of the year（February, 2.10 ± 0.37 cm） and low values（winter） in the middle of the year（July, 0.66 ± 0.21 cm）. The volume size distribution（VSD） in the fine-mode is higher in the summer and spring seasons, whereas in the coarse mode the VSD is higher in the winter and lower in the summer due to the hygroscopic growth of aerosol *** single scattering albedo（SSA） ranged from 0.85 to 0.96 at 440 nm over PTR for the entire study period. The averaged aerosol radiative forcing（ARF） computed using SBDART model at the top of the atmosphere（TOA） was- 8.78 ± 3.1 W/m2, while at the surface it was- 25.69 ± 8.1 W/m2 leading to an atmospheric forcing of ＋ 16.91 ± 6.8 W/m2, indicating significant heating of the atmosphere with a mean of 0.47 K/day.

关键词： Pretoria AERONET Aerosol optical depth Single scattering albedo Radiative forcing