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Nonlinear dynamics of the reversed shear Alfvén eigenmode in burning plasmas

Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第5期26卷 1-16页

作者：王涛魏士朝 Sergio BRIGUGLIO Gregorio VLAD fulvio zonca 仇志勇 Institute for Fusion Theory and Simulation and School of Physics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027People’s Republic of China Center for Nonlinear Plasma Science ENEA C.R.FrascatiFrascati 00044Italy Fusion and Nuclear Safety Department ENEA C.R.FrascatiFrascati 00044Italy

In a tokamak fusion reactor operated at steady state,the equilibrium magnetic field is likely to have reversed shear in the core region,as the noninductive bootstrap current profile generally peaks *** reversed shear Alfvén eigenmode(RSAE)as a unique branch of the shear Alfvén wave in this equilibrium,can exist with a broad spectrum in wavenumber and frequency,and be resonantly driven unstable by energetic particles(EP).After briefly discussing the RSAE linear properties in burning plasma condition,we review several key topics of the nonlinear dynamics for the RSAE through both wave-EP resonance and wave-wave coupling channels,and illustrate their potentially important role in reactor-scale fusion *** means of simplified hybrid MHD-kinetic simulations,the RSAEs are shown to have typically broad phase space resonance structure with both circulating and trapped EP,as results of weak/vanishing magnetic shear and relatively low *** the route of wave-EP nonlinearity,the dominant saturation mechanism is mainly due to the transported resonant EP radially decoupling with the localized RSAE mode structure,and the resultant EP transport generally has a convective *** saturated RSAEs also undergo various nonlinear couplings with other collective *** typical routes as parametric decay and modulational instability are studied using nonlinear gyrokinetic theory,and applied to the scenario of spontaneous excitation by a finite amplitude pump *** RSAEs could naturally couple and induce the spectral energy cascade into a low frequency Alfvénic mode,which may effectively transfer the EP energy to fuel ions via collisionless Landau ***,zero frequency zonal field structure could be spontaneously excited by modulation of the pump RSAE envelope,and may also lead to saturation of the pump RSAE by both scattering into stable domain and local distortion of the continuum structure.

关键词： reversed shear Alfvén eigenmode energetic particle nonlinear gyrokinetic theory saturation burning plasma

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Kinetic theory of geodesic acoustic modes in toroidal plasmas:a brief review

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Plasma Science and Technology 2018年第9期20卷 24-49页

作者： Zhiyong QIU Liu CHEN fulvio zonca Institute for Fusion Theory and Simulation and Department of Physics Zhejiang University Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California ENEA Fusion and Nuclear Safety Department

Geodesic acoustic modes（GAM） are oscillating zonal structures unique to toroidal plasmas,and have been extensively studied in the past decades due to their potential capabilities of regulating microscopic turbulences and associated anomalous *** article reviews linear and nonlinear theories of GAM;with emphases on kinetic treatment,system nonuniformity and realistic magnetic geometry,in order to reflect the realistic experimental ***,in the linear physics,the resonant wave-particle interactions are discussed,with the application to resonant excitation by energetic particles（EPs）.The theory of EP-induced GAM（EGAM） is applied to realistic devices for the interpretation of experimental observations,and global effects due to coupling to GAM continuum are also ***,in the nonlinear physics,the spontaneous GAM excitation by microscale turbulences is reviewed,including the effects of various system nonuniformities.A unified theoretical framework of GAM/EGAM is then constructed based on our present *** first-principle-based GAM/EGAM theories reviewed here,thus,provide the tools needed for the understanding and interpretation of experimental/numerical results.

关键词： geodesic acoustic mode kinetic theory nonlinear physics energetic particle physics

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A Gyrokinetic simulation model for low frequency electromagnetic fluctuations in magnetized plasmas

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2021年第4期64卷 90-95页

作者： Liu Chen HaoTian Chen fulvio zonca Yu Lin Institute for Fusion Theory and Simulation and Department of Physics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Department of Physics and Astronomy University of CaliforniaIrvineCalifornia 92697USA Institute of Space Science and Technology Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330031China Center for Nonlinear Plasma Science and C.R.ENEA Frascati-C.P.65 Frascati 00044Italy Physics Department Auburn UniversityAuburn AL 36849USA

We present a new model for simulating the electromagnetic fluctuations with frequencies much lower than the ion cyclotron frequency in plasmas confined in general magnetic *** novel model(termed as GK-E&B)employs nonlinear gyrokinetic equations formulated in terms of electromagnetic fields along with momentum balance equations for solving ***,thus,not only includes kinetic effects,such as wave-particle interaction and microscopic(ion Larmor radius scale)physics;but also is computationally more efficient than the conventional formulation described in terms of *** a benchmark,we perform linear as well as nonlinear simulations of the kinetic Alfvén wave;demonstrating physics in agreement with the analytical theories.

关键词： plasma kinetic equations Gyrokinetics Gyrokinetic simulations particle orbit and trajectory

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Kinetic Theories of Geodesic Acoustic Modes：Radial Structure,Linear Excitation by Energetic Particles and Nonlinear Saturation＇

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Plasma Science and Technology 2011年第3期13卷 257-266页

作者： QIU Zhiyong(仇志勇) fulvio zonca CHEN Liu(陈骝) Institute for Fusion Theory and Simulation Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Associazione Euratom=ENEA sulla Fusione C. P. 65 -I-00044-Frascati. Italy Dept. of Physics and Astronomy Univ. of California Irvine CA 92697-4575 USA

Geodesic acoustic modes（GAMs）are oscillating zonal mode structures unique to toroidal plasmas and are capable of regulating microscopic turbulence and associated ***,three important aspects of GAM dynamics are investigated,namely（1） GAM continuous spectrum and its mode conversion to kinetic GAM （KGAM）;（2） 1inear excitation of energetic particle induced GAM （EGAM） and its coupling to the GAM continuum, and （3） nonlinear ***

关键词： geodesic acoustic mode continuum energetic particles wave particle trapping

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Theoretical and numerical studies of chorus waves: A review

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Science China Earth Sciences 2020年第1期63卷 78-92页

作者： Xin TAO fulvio zonca Liu CHEN Yifan WU CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment Department of Geophysics and Planetary SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology Hefei 230026China ENEA Centro Ricerche Frascati CP 65-00044 FrascatiItaly Institute of Fusion Theory and Simulation and Department of Physics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Department of Physics and Astronomy University of CaliforniaIrvineCA 92697USA

Theoretical and numerical models of chorus waves are reviewed in this paper. Specifically, we focus on the nonlinear wave particle interactions and the current understanding of the frequency chirping of rising tone chorus waves. Various other related topics, such as the optimal excitation condition of chorus, the formation of subpackets, and the non-adiabaticity of the nonlinear interaction are also discussed. We end this review paper with a short list of questions of chorus waves that are still under research and debate.

关键词： Chorus waves Frequency chirping Triggered emissions

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Fishbone Instability Excited by Barely Trapped Electrons

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Chinese Physics Letters 2006年第1期23卷 158-160页

作者：王中天龙永兴董家齐王龙 fulvio zonca Southwestern Institute of Physics PO Box 432 Chengdu 610041 Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 Associazione EURATOM-ENEA Sulla Fusione C.P. 65-00044 Frascati Rome Italy

Fishbone instability excited by barely trapped suprathermal electrons （BTSEs） in tokamaks is investigated theoretically. The frequency of the mode is found to close to procession frequency of BTSEs. The growth rate of the mode is much smaller than that of the ideal magnetohytrodynamic （MHD） internal kink mode that is in contrast to the case of trapped ion driven fishbone instability. The analyses also show that spatial density gradient reversal is necessary for the instability. The correlation of the results with experiments is discussed.

关键词： Fishbone Instability Trapped Electrons

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Self-consistent kinetic theory with nonlinear wave-particle resonances

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Plasma Science and Technology 2019年第12期21卷 6-12页

作者： Liu CHEN fulvio zonca Institute for Fusion Theory and Simulation and Department of Physics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027People's Republic of China Department of Physics and Astronomy University of CaliforniaIrvineCA 92697-4575United States of America ENEA C.R.FrascatiVia E.Fermi 45I-00044 Frascati(Rome)Italy

We have developed, based on the oscillating-center transformation, a general theoretical approach for self-consistent plasma dynamics including, explicitly, effects of nonlinear(higherorder) wave-particle resonances. A specific example is then given for low-frequency responses of trapped particles in axisymmetric tokamaks. Possible applications to transport as well as nonlinear wave growth/damping are also briefly discussed.

关键词： gyrokinetics nonlinear phenomena:waves wave propagation and other interactions(including parametric effects,mode coupling,ponderomotive) fusion products effects(e.g.alpha-particles,etc) fast particle effects particle orbit and trajectory perturbative methods

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Unexpanded nonlinear electromagnetic gyrokinetic equations for magnetized plasmas

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Plasma Science and Technology 2020年第10期22卷 1-4页

作者：陈骝 fulvio zonca 陈昊天 Institute for Fusion Theory and Simulation and Department of Physics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027People’s Republic of China Department of Physics and Astronomy University of CaliforniaIrvineCA 92697United States of America ENEA Fusion and Nuclear Safety DepartmentC.R.FrascatiVia E.Fermi 4500044 Frascati(Roma)Italy Institute of Space Science and Technology Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330031.People's Republic of China

Nonlinear electromagnetic gyrokinetic equations have been constructed without expanding the field variables into background and finite but small-amplitude fluctuating components. At the long-wavelength limit, these unexpanded nonlinear gyrokinetic equations recover the wellknown drift-kinetic equations. At the expanded limit, they recover the usual nonlinear gyrokinetic equations. These equations can therefore be applied to long-term simulations covering from microscopic to macroscopic spatial scales.

关键词： gyrokinetic theory plasma turbulence nonlinear phenomena

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