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Preliminary study on the exploitation plan of the mega hydropower base in the lower reaches of Congo River

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Global Energy Interconnection 2020年第1期3卷 13-23页

作者： Chuanyu Deng fulong song Zhengxi Chen Global Energy Interconnection Development and Cooperation Organization No.8 Xuanwumennei StreetBeijing 100031P.R.China PowerChina Chengdu Engineering Corporation Limited No.1 Huanhuabei StreetChengdu 610072P.R.China

There have been few studies on the hydropower exploitation plan for sections beyond the Inga hydropower project(HPP)in the lower reaches of the Congo River.Based on topographic and hydrological data of the basin,the exploitation plan for the lower reaches of the Congo River is herein studied.The preliminary proposal involves exploitation using three-cascade hydropower stations.The Grand Inga HPP is the core of the mega hydropower base.The full supply level(FSL)of the reservoir,installed capacity,and regulation performance of the Grand Inga HPP are studied in detail.The main advantages and disadvantages of the high and low dam schemes of the Grand Inga Hydropower Project are compared,in addition to their effects on the overall development of the hydropower base.Moreover,the installed capacity is optimized based on the load characteristics.Based on simulation of cascade hydropower operation and comprehensive analysis,the project scale and implementation sequence is proposed.The influence of hydropower on socio-economic development,energy supply,and emission reduction is analyzed.Finally,the optimal exploitation scheme of the mega hydropower base for the lower reaches of the Congo River is proposed.

关键词： Congo River Cascade hydropower exploitation plan Grand Inga hydropower project Mega hydropower base Scheme optimization

Review of transition paths for coal-fired power plants

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Global Energy Interconnection 2021年第4期4卷 354-370页

作者： fulong song Hasan Mehedi Caihao Liang Jing Meng Zhengxi Chen Fang Shi Global Energy Interconnection Group Co. Ltd.Beijing 100031P.R.China Electrical Engineering School Shandong UniversityJinan 250061P.R.China

The energy sector has an essential role in limiting the global average temperature increase to below 2°C.Redirecting and advancing technological progress contribute to carbon-free transition solutions.Energy transition is currently one of the most debated issues in the world.This paper reviews and summarizes the current policy projections and their assumptions organized by some major countries in the energy sector,particularly in the coal sector,and provides a detailed discussion on specific and significant socio-technical pathways taken by countries to achieve zero-carbon targets.Their implementation involves restructuring the existing energy system and requires appropriate policy support and sufficient investment in infrastructure development and technological innovation.Some basic principles and countermeasures that have already been implemented by some major emitters,such as India and China,are also discussed,with different transformation pathways.Critical suggestions are also provided,such as implementing best practice policies at the national level,moving to more efficient transition strategies,national and regional cooperation,cross-border energy grid integration,and private sector involvement to reduce carbon emissions from coal-fired power plants,not only by reducing coal consumption but also by introducing various low carbon technologies.

关键词： Transition pathways CCUS Coal phase-out De-carbonization

Conductor selection and economic analysis of D.R.congo–guinea±800 kV UHVDC transmission project

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Global Energy Interconnection 2020年第4期3卷 385-397页

作者： Zhengxi Chen Chen Wang Jun Li fulong song Zhi Zhang Global Energy Interconnection Development and Cooperation Organization Xicheng DistrictBeijing 100031P.R.China State Grid Corporation of China Xicheng DistrictBeijing 100031P.R.China

Africa is embracing new opportunities featured with industrialization,urbanization and regionalization.Based on co-development of‘Electricity,Mining,Metallurgy,Industry and Trade’and grids interconnection proposed by Global Energy Interconnection Development and Cooperation Organization(GEIDCO),the high-quality hydropower resource of the Congo River can be exploited in large scale under the wide-range interconnected framework of African Energy Interconnection(AEI),forging a new engine for Africa economy.The transmission distance of the Congo River hydropower reaches 6,000 km at its farthest end in North Africa,which brings forth challenges to economics of proposed projects.Under this novel continental energy interconnection scheme in Africa,economics of those projects have not yet been in detail studied.This paper has implemented China’s mature engineering experiences and analytical tools of UHVDC project planning into the AEI structure,through exploring the economic behavior of ultra-long distance UHVDC projects in the scope of conductor selection in the Congo River hydropower transmission for the first time,and has provided concerned parties with a technical and analytical results of their economics comparison.This paper has chosen the D.R.Congo-Guinea±800 kV UHVDC project as a typical example.Its preliminary system planning is introduced and three types of conductor are selected for scheme comparison.Later in this paper,the transmission loss,total investment and equivalent annual cost of the project have been calculated and analyzed.In the final part,sensitivity analysis results of the annual cost to utilization hours,transmission loss,loss tariff and construction cost has been provided.

关键词： The Congo River Hydropower Conductor Selection UHVDC Economic Analysis African Energy Interconnection

Research and comprehensive evaluation on delivery schemes of the Grand Inga hydropower station

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Global Energy Interconnection 2020年第6期3卷 521-531页

作者： fulong song Xiaoxiao Yu Jun Li Yu Ni Chunyan Bian Xinchang Lv Global Energy Interconnection Development and Cooperation Organization Beijing 100031P.R.China State Grid Dezhou Power Supply Company Dezhou 253008ShanDong ProvinceP.R.China Africa Office of GEIDCO Ambassador Residence Woreda 3 Bole SubcityAddis AbabaEthiopia

Congo River has abundant hydropower resources,and large-scale cascade power stations,such as the Grand Inga,can be constructed in downstream locations.However,the fragile economic foundations of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and neighbor!ng Central African countries,and the small-scale regional power consumption market prohibit the implementation of large-scale hydro power projects.As the high-voltage,I on g-dista nee power transmission tech no logy matures,hydropower from the Grand Inga can be delivered to load centers in other regions of Africa.This study establishes a 6 dime nsional comprehe nsive assessment model using the best-worst method to evaluate large-scale,I on g-distance,cross-border power intercon necti on projects.The model is applied to evaluate all the can didate in ter-regional power delivery schemes of the Inga III hydropower station,and the evaluation results can effectively help investment institutions and policy makers in policy making and potential market targeting.

关键词： Grand Inga Ultrahigh voltage direct currenttransmission(UHVDC) Inter-regional power delivery Comprehensive evaluation framework Best-Worst method

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高温高含冰量冻结砂土的三轴压缩力学特性

哈尔滨工业大学学报 2024年第7期56卷 124-131页

作者：马付龙刘恩龙王丹康建宋丙堂冻土工程国家重点实验室(中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院) 兰州730000 中国科学院大学北京100049 四川大学水利水电学院成都610065

为深入研究高温高含冰量冻土的力学特性与变形机制,以不同含冰量的冻结砂土为研究对象,通过开展-1.5℃下的三轴压缩试验,讨论了围压和含冰量对冻结砂土力学特性的影响,并分析了常规饱和冻土与高含冰量冻土在变形机制上的差异。结果表明... 详细信息

为深入研究高温高含冰量冻土的力学特性与变形机制,以不同含冰量的冻结砂土为研究对象,通过开展-1.5℃下的三轴压缩试验,讨论了围压和含冰量对冻结砂土力学特性的影响,并分析了常规饱和冻土与高含冰量冻土在变形机制上的差异。结果表明:针对砂土提出的“冰砂混合,分层压实,下部补水”的制样方法可制出土颗粒分布均匀的高含冰量饱和冻土试样;高含冰量冻结砂土与饱和冻结砂土的强度和体变差异很大,但不同含冰量的高含冰量冻结砂土的应力-应变关系和体变很接近;不同围压下的67%含冰质量分数冻结砂土均为应变软化型,且随着围压的增大,试样应变软化的程度逐渐降低,体变逐渐由体胀向体缩转化;饱和冻结砂土受力时是由土颗粒、冰和未冻水共同承担;而高含冰量冻结砂土主要由冰直接承担外力,冰中夹杂的土颗粒间接地影响了冰的力学性质。

关键词：高温高含冰量冻土砂土三轴试验力学特性变形机制

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限制性液体复苏对急诊多发伤合并休克患者血清乳酸、凝血功能及预后的影响

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临床医学工程 2024年第2期31卷 173-174页

作者：刘富龙宋璨郑州市第三人民医院急诊外科河南郑州450099 郑州大学第一附属医院外科河南郑州450052

目的探讨限制性液体复苏在急诊多发伤合并休克中的应用效果。方法 98例急诊多发伤合并休克患者随机分为两组,对照组采用积极性液体复苏治疗,观察组采用限制性液体复苏治疗。比较两组的血清乳酸水平、 pH值、凝血功能及预后效果。结果 ... 详细信息

目的探讨限制性液体复苏在急诊多发伤合并休克中的应用效果。方法 98例急诊多发伤合并休克患者随机分为两组,对照组采用积极性液体复苏治疗,观察组采用限制性液体复苏治疗。比较两组的血清乳酸水平、 pH值、凝血功能及预后效果。结果治疗后,观察组的乳酸水平、 PT、 APTT均低于对照组,pH值高于对照组,多器官功能衰竭、呼吸窘迫发生率以及死亡率均低于对照组(P <0.05)。结论限制性液体复苏治疗急诊多发伤合并休克患者可有效调节血液酸度,改善凝血功能,改善预后。

关键词：多发伤休克限制性液体复苏血清乳酸凝血功能

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考虑水电机组振动区的水风光协同规划模型

全球能源互联网 2024年第3期7卷 243-255页

作者：燕志宇宋福龙梁才浩孟婧张璐全球能源互联网发展合作组织北京市西城区100031 中国长江三峡集团科学技术研究院北京市通州区101199

随着风电、光伏的大规模并网,电力系统面临灵活调节能力不足的挑战。水电运行灵活,通过与风光协同规划、互补运行,能有效平抑新能源出力波动,保障并网消纳。水风光协同规划的关键之一在于对水电灵活调节能力进行准确建模,其中振动区约... 详细信息

随着风电、光伏的大规模并网,电力系统面临灵活调节能力不足的挑战。水电运行灵活,通过与风光协同规划、互补运行,能有效平抑新能源出力波动,保障并网消纳。水风光协同规划的关键之一在于对水电灵活调节能力进行准确建模,其中振动区约束不容忽略。为此,提出了考虑水电振动区的水风光协同规划模型。该模型首先利用组合数学技术将水电机组振动区合成为电站振动区;然后,综合考虑振动区约束及梯级水力联系、水力发电方程等各项约束,实现对水电系统的准确建模;最后,耦合水电系统与新能源、联络线等相关运行约束形成水风光协同规划模型,并采用混合整数线性规划进行求解。以乌江流域某水风光互补系统为例,验证所提模型的有效性。

关键词：振动区水风光协同规划水电灵活性混合整数线性规划容量规划

南疆典型灌区春播前表层土壤含水率空间分布研究

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干旱地区农业研究 2024年第2期42卷 264-271,292页

作者：刘一凡吕廷波宋仁友张晓宇陈伏龙付鑫法李港强石河子大学水利建筑工程学院新疆石河子832000 现代节水灌溉兵团重点实验室新疆石河子832000

采用7种插值方法(反距离权重法、径向基函数法、全局多项式法、局部多项式法、普通克里金法、泛克里金法、经验贝叶斯克里金法)对小海子灌区(南疆典型灌区)土壤含水率进行空间分布特征评估。结果表明:(1)研究区表层土壤含水率介于4.99%~... 详细信息

采用7种插值方法(反距离权重法、径向基函数法、全局多项式法、局部多项式法、普通克里金法、泛克里金法、经验贝叶斯克里金法)对小海子灌区(南疆典型灌区)土壤含水率进行空间分布特征评估。结果表明:(1)研究区表层土壤含水率介于4.99%~24.99%,变异系数为27.6%,属于中等变异,且具有中等的空间自相关性,指数模型拟合变异函数的效果较好。(2)对于同时受结构性因素与随机性因素影响的小海子灌区,将确定性插值径向基函数法应用于土壤含水率插值的精度较高。(3)通过对灌区表层土壤含水率空间分布图的分析,发现小海子灌区春播前土壤含水率在空间上呈现出西南高、东北低的规律,且受地下水位及灌溉措施影响较大;表层土壤含水率大于15%的面积占总面积的64.9%,从整体上看,灌区西南部与中部的土壤含水率已达到播种要求,东北部地区达到“干播湿出”的播种要求,灌区可安排相应的春播活动。

关键词：土壤水分空间分布空间插值法精度评价南疆灌区

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考虑绿色化工的工业园区微电网多层规划方法

电网与清洁能源 2024年第3期40卷 119-127页

作者：陈逸珲刘怀远吴军宋福龙郭子辉肖闻杉王林武汉大学电气与自动化学院湖北武汉430072 全球能源互联网集团有限公司经济技术研究院北京100031

针对该背景下工业园区绿色微电网的规划方法进行研究,从分布式电源、多能互补等角度建立微电网基础,引入氢、氨等绿色化工产业增加绿电消纳途径,推进低碳减排进程。以多层规划方法解决该复杂规划问题,上层以经济性指标优化冷热电联供系... 详细信息

针对该背景下工业园区绿色微电网的规划方法进行研究,从分布式电源、多能互补等角度建立微电网基础,引入氢、氨等绿色化工产业增加绿电消纳途径,推进低碳减排进程。以多层规划方法解决该复杂规划问题,上层以经济性指标优化冷热电联供系统的设备容量;中间层从清洁利用角度配置氢、氨等制气设备;下层考虑系统的协调运行能力,优化灵活性较差的燃气轮机的运行特性。最终通过单纯形法将该规划问题线性化,并以Matlab的Cplex求解器进行计算。最后以某钢铁厂工业园区为仿真算例,结果表明考虑氢氨利用的微电网系统减碳效果明显,并带来了一定的节支收益和经济效益。

关键词：微电网工业园区氢氨利用多层规划低碳