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Tackling IoT Scalability with 5G NFV-Enabled Network Slicing

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Advances in Internet of Things 2021年第3期11卷 123-139页

作者： Pei-Hsuan Lee fuchun joseph lin Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taiwan

With emerging large volume and diverse heterogeneity of Internet of Things (IoT) applications, the one-size-fits-all design of the current 4G networks is no longer adequate to serve various types of IoT applications. Consequently, the concepts of network slicing enabled by Network Function Virtualization (NFV) have been proposed in the upcoming 5G networks. 5G network slicing allows IoT applications of different QoS requirements to be served by different virtual networks. Moreover, these network slices are equipped with scalability that allows them to grow or shrink their instances of Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) when needed. However, all current research only focuses on scalability on a single network slice, which is the scalability at the VNF level only. Such a design will eventually reach the capacity limit of a single slice under stressful incoming traffic, and cause the breakdown of an IoT system. Therefore, we propose a new IoT scalability architecture in this research to provide scalability at the NS level and design a testbed to implement the proposed architecture in order to verify its effectiveness. For evaluation, three systems are compared for their throughput, response time, and CPU utilization under three different types of IoT traffic, including the single slice scaling system, the multiple slices scaling system and the hybrid scaling system where both single slicing and multiple slicing can be simultaneously applied. Due to the balanced tradeoff between slice scalability and resource availability, the hybrid scaling system turns out to perform the best in terms of throughput and response time with medium CPU utilization.

关键词： NFV NFV MANO Network Slicing Fifth Generation Networking Scalability IoT

Coordinated Management of 5G Core Slices by MANO and OSS/BSS

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2021年第6期9卷 52-72页

作者： Wei-Cheng Chang fuchun joseph lin Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taiwan

To manage and orchestrate Network Slices (NSs) for 5G Core (5GC), the MANO (MANagement and Orchestration) framework is proposed by European Telecommunications Standard Institute (ETSI). In most research testbeds, MANO systems such as Tacker, OSM and ONAP are used to initiate network slices. However, this doesn’t comply with the 3GPP 5G standards as MANO should only be responsible for dynamic management of NSs, and the static management such as provisioning or unprovisioning a network slice should be left to OSS/BSS (Operation/Business Support System). Thus, in our testbed, an integrated architecture was designed in which the management of network slices will be coordinated by both MANO and OSS/BSS. MANO would handle on-boarding, instantiating, scaling and terminating of network slices while OSS/BSS is responsible for static management of slices including provisioning and unprovisioning of network slices. To evaluate our system, it was compared with the management systems equipped with only OSS/BSS or MANO in order to analyze the shortfalls of those systems when used to deploy network slices. Through this analysis, this research confirms the necessity of applying both OSS/BSS and MANO for the coordinated management of 5G core slices as adopted by 3GPP.

关键词： Network Slice 5G MANO OSS/BSS Network Management

Evaluating Dedicated Slices of Different Configurations in 5G Core

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2021年第7期9卷 55-72页

作者： Yu-Herng Chai fuchun joseph lin Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taiwan

Network slicing is one of the most important concepts in 5G networks. It is enabled by the Network Function Virtualization (NFV) technology to allow a set of Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) to be interconnected to form a Network Service (NS). When network slices are created in 5G, some are shared among different 5G services while the others are dedicated to specific 5G services. The latter are called dedicated slices. Dedicated slices can be constructed with different configurations. In this research, dedicated slices of different configurations in 5G Core were evaluated in order to discover which one would perform better than the others. The performance of three systems would be compared: 1) Free5GC Stage 2 with each dedicated slice consisting of only UPF;2) Free5GC Stage 3 with each dedicated slice consisting of only UPF;3) Free5GC Stage 3 with each dedicated slice consisting of both SMF and UPF in terms of their registration time, response time, throughput, resource cost, and CPU utilization. It is shown that not one of the above systems will always be the best choice;based on the requirements, a specific system may be the best under a specific situation.

关键词： Network Function Virtualization (NFV) Next Generation Networking Resource Management Network Slice Dedicated Slice Free5GC

Enhancing Cloud-Based IoT/M2M System Scalability by Dynamic Network Slicing

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Communications and Network 2020年第3期12卷 122-154页

作者： David de la Bastida fuchun joseph lin EECS International Graduate Program National Chiao Tung University Taiwan Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science National Chiao Tung University Taiwan

With ever-increasing applications of IoT, and due to the heterogeneous and bursty nature of these applications, scalability has become an important research issue in building cloud-based IoT/M2M systems. This research proposes a dynamic SDN-based network slicing mechanism to tackle the scalability problems caused by such heterogeneity and fluctuation of IoT application requirements. The proposed method can automatically create a network slice on-the-fly for each new type of IoT application and adjust the QoS characteristics of the slice dynamically according to the changing requirements of an IoT application. Validated with extensive experiments, the proposed mechanism demonstrates better platform scalability when compared to a static slicing system.

关键词： Internet of Things Platform Virtualization Quality of Service Scalability Software Defined Networking

Evaluation of 5G Core Slicing on User Plane Function

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Communications and Network 2021年第3期13卷 79-92页

作者： Cheng-Chin Tsai fuchun joseph lin Hiroshige Tanaka Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taiwan Okinawa Open Laboratory NTT Communications Corporation Okinawa Japan

Network slicing is one of the most important features in 5G which enables a large variety of services with diverse performance requirements by network virtualization. Traditionally, the network can be viewed as a one-size-fits-all slice and its services are bundled with proprietary hardware supported by telecom equipment providers. Now with the network virtualization technology in 5G, open networking software can be deployed flexibly on commodity hardware to offer a multi-slice network where each slice can offer a different set of network services. In this research, we propose a multi-slice 5G core architecture by provisioning its User Plane Functions (UPFs) with different QoS requirements. We compare the performance of such a multi-slice system with that of one-size-fits-all single slice architecture under the same resource assignment. Our research objective is to compare the performance of a network slicing architecture with that of a “one-size-fits-all” architecture and validate that the former can achieve better performance with the same underlying infrastructure. The results validate that our proposed system can achieve better performance by slicing one UPF into three with proper resource allocation.

关键词： Network Slicing NFV 5G User Plane Function QoS

The Roles of 5G Mobile Broadband in the Development of IoT, Big Data, Cloud and SDN

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Communications and Network 2016年第1期8卷 9-21页

作者： Bao-Shuh Paul lin fuchun joseph lin Li-Ping Tung Microelectronics & Information Research Center National Chiao Tung University Taiwan College of Computer Science National Chiao Tung University Taiwan

The fast technology development of 5G mobile broadband (5G), Internet of Things (IoT), Big Data Analytics (Big Data), Cloud Computing (Cloud) and Software Defined Networks (SDN) has made those technologies one after another and created strong interdependence among one another. For example, IoT applications that generate small data with large volume and fast velocity will need 5G with characteristics of high data rate and low latency to transmit such data faster and cheaper. On the other hand, those data also need Cloud to process and to store and furthermore, SDN to provide scalable network infrastructure to transport this large volume of data in an optimal way. This article explores the technical relationships among the development of IoT, Big Data, Cloud, and SDN in the coming 5G era and illustrates several ongoing programs and applications at National Chiao Tung University that are based on the converging of those technologies.

关键词： 5G Internet of Things (IoT) Software Defined Networks (SDN) Big Data Analytics Cloud Computing

Beyond ribosomal function:RPS6 deficiency suppresses cholangiocarcinoma cell growth by disrupting alternative splicing

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第9期14卷 3931-3948页

作者： Wenkang Fu Yanyan lin Mingzhen Bai Jia Yao Chongfei Huang Long Gao Ningning Mi Haidong Ma Liang Tian Ping Yue Yong Zhang Jinduo zhang Yanxian Ren Liyun Ding Lunzhi Dai joseph WLeung Jinqiu Yuan Wenhua Zhang Wenbo Meng The First School of Clinical Medicne Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730030China Department of General Surgery the First Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730030China Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province the First Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China School of Physical Science and Technology Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Department of General Practice State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Division of Gastroenterology UC Davis Medical Center and Sacramento VA Medical CenterSacramentoCA 95817USA Clinical Research Center Big Data Centerthe Seventh Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen 518107China School of Life Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

Cholangiocarcinoma(CCA)is a bile duct malignancy with a dismal *** study systematically investigated the role of the ribosomal protein S6(RPS6)gene,which is dependent in *** found that RPS6 upregulation in CCA tissues was correlated with a poor *** investigations have shown that alterations in RPS6 expression,both gain-and loss-of function could affect the proliferation of CCA *** xenograft tumor models,RPS6 overexpression enhances tumorigenicity,whereas RPS6 silencing reduces *** analysis using RNA-seq and proteomics elucidated downstream signaling pathways of RPS6 depletion by affecting the cell cycle,especially DNA *** followed by mass spectrometry has identified numerous spliceosome complex proteins associated with *** profiling revealed that RPS6 affects numerous alternative splicing(AS)events,and combined with RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing,revealed that minichromosome maintenance complex component 7(MCM7)binds to RPS6,which regulates its AS and increases oncogenic activity in *** RPS6 with vivo phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer(V-PMO)significantly inhibited the growth of CCA cells,patient-derived organoids,and subcutaneous xenograft *** together,the data demonstrate that RPS6 is an oncogenic regulator in CCA and that RPS6-V-PMO could be repositioned as a promising strategy for treating CCA.

关键词： Cholangiocarcinoma Ribosomal protein S6 Alternative splicing p53 Minichromosome maintenance complex component 7 Vivo morpholino Patient-derived organoids

Human mpox co-infection with advanced HIV-1 and XDR-TB in a MSM patient previously vaccinated against smallpox:A case report

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Biosafety and Health 2024年第3期6卷 186-190页

作者： Yuan Fang fuchun Wang Taiyi Jiang Junyi Duan Tao Huang Hao Liu lin Jia Han Jia Benyong Yan Mei Zhang Wen Wang Caiping Guo Lifeng Liu Yuening Zhang Tong Zhang Beijing Youan Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China

Mpox is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by the mpox virus(MPXV).Historically,the majority of mpox cases have been documented in Central ***,since May 2022,there has been a notable rise in reported cases from regions beyond ***,over 110 countries spanning Europe,North America,South America,Asia,and other territories have reported mpox *** report details a case involving a patient who identifies as a man who has sex with men(MSM)and is concurrently infected with MPXV,human immunodeficiency virus type 1(HIV-1),Pneumocystis jiroveci,as well as extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis(XDR-TB).This patient had also received a vaccination for smallpox in the ***,we provide photographic documentation charting the progression of dermatological manifestations associated with *** case highlights the significance of sexual intercourse as a crucial mode of transmission for *** rapid and widespread dissemination of the MPXV across various regions,especially among MSM communities,underscores the importance of enhancing preventive education efforts targeted at high-risk populations.

关键词： Mpox Mpox virus(MPXV) Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis(XDR-TB)

Intelligent Forest Hospital as a New Management System for Hospital-Acquired Infection Control

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China CDC weekly 2024年第37期6卷 972-974页

作者： Yingxin Liu Zhousheng lin Guanwen lin Wanmin Lian Junzhang Tian Guowei Li Hongying Qu Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Methodology(CCEM) The Affiliated Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina Medical Department The Affiliated Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina Hospital-Acquired Infection Control Department The Affiliated Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina Information Department The Affiliated Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina Institute for Healthcare Artificial Intelligence Application The Affiliated Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina Father Sean O’Sullivan Research Centre St.Joseph’s Healthcare HamiltonHamiltonONCanada Department of Health Research Methods Evidenceand Impact(HEI)McMaster UniversityHamiltonONCanada

Hospital-acquired infection(HAI)is a significant global health concern,elevating the risks of morbidity and imposing a substantial socioeconomic *** enhance the management of HAI,particularly in the aftermath of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,the Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital(GD2H)has launched a new system called Intelligent Forest Hospital(IFH).Leveraging advancements in artificial intelligence,5G technology,and cloud networking,the IFH implements customized indoor air quality(IAQ)control strategies tailored to different medical *** utilizes various intelligent disinfection devices and air purification *** IFH features a dynamic 3D hospital model with real-time monitoring of crucial IAQ parameters and a risk assessment ranking for clinical departments,providing timely risk alerts,communication prompts,and automatic disinfection *** IFH aims to effectively mitigate HAI post-COVID-19 and other future pandemics,ensuring a safe and pleasant environment for patients,hospital staff,and visitors.

关键词： Forest utilize prompt