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Neuromorphic circuits based on memristors: endowing robots with a human-like brain

Journal of Semiconductors 2024年第6期45卷 47-63页

作者： Xuemei Wang Fan Yang Qing liu Zien Zhang Zhixing Wen Jiangang Chen Qirui Zhang Cheng Wang Ge Wang fucai liu School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054China Yangtze Delta Region Institute(Huzhou) University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaHuzhou 313099China

Robots are widely used,providing significant convenience in daily life and production.With the rapid development of artificial intelligence and neuromorphic computing in recent years,the realization of more intelligent robots through a pro-found intersection of neuroscience and robotics has received much attention.Neuromorphic circuits based on memristors used to construct hardware neural networks have proved to be a promising solution of shattering traditional control limita-tions in the field of robot control,showcasing characteristics that enhance robot intelligence,speed,and energy efficiency.Start-ing with introducing the working mechanism of memristors and peripheral circuit design,this review gives a comprehensive analysis on the biomimetic information processing and biomimetic driving operations achieved through the utilization of neuro-morphic circuits in brain-like control.Four hardware neural network approaches,including digital-analog hybrid circuit design,novel device structure design,multi-regulation mechanism,and crossbar array,are summarized,which can well simulate the motor decision-making mechanism,multi-information integration and parallel control of brain at the hardware level.It will be definitely conductive to promote the application of memristor-based neuromorphic circuits in areas such as intelligent robotics,artificial intelligence,and neural computing.Finally,a conclusion and future prospects are discussed.

关键词： neuromorphic devices neuromorphic circuits hardware networks memristors humanlike robots

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(K,Na)NbO_(3)-based lead-free ceramics with enhanced temperature-stable piezoelectricity and efficient red luminescence

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2023年第2期12卷 373-385页

作者： Qing liu Er PAN fucai liu Jing-Feng LI School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054China State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

There has been a surge of research interest in the promising lead-free potassium-sodium niobate(KNN)-based ceramics,applications of which could be significantly promoted by improving thermal stability of piezoelectricity.Besides,endowing the KNN-based ceramics with photoluminescence property by rare-earth-ion doping can make them more completive lead-free counterparts in potential applications such as novel multifunctional sensing devices.Herein,a novel KNN-based ceramic material doped with Eu was elaborately designed to simultaneously obtain enhanced temperaturestable piezoelectricity and good luminescence property.By the introduction of diffused phase transition and the modulation of unit cell distortion,a large piezoelectric strain coefficient(d^(*)_(33))with a small variation(590±59 pm/V)over a wide temperature range(from room temperature to 110℃)was realized.The optimal composition also exhibited a considerable piezoelectric coefficient(d_(33))with small fluctuation(330±33 pC/N)from 20 to 80℃.In addition to the enhanced temperature-stable piezoelectricity,the luminescence of these ceramics was slightly enhanced with the elevation of BaZrO_(3)(BZ)doping contents,which could be attributed to the increased compositional disorder and the decreased unit cell distortion of the matrix material.Moreover,an optical characteristic was more prominent at ultra-low temperatures.This work unprecedentedly provides a novel paradigm for the design of multifunctional KNN-based ceramics with enhanced temperature-stable piezoelectricity and good luminescence property,revealing the great potential of the rare-earth-element-doped KNN material for future applications in the novel multifunctional devices.

关键词： piezoelectric thermal stability rare-earth lead-free potassium-sodium niobate(KNN)

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Recent progress in the synthesis of novel two-dimensional van der Waals materials

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National Science Review 2022年第5期9卷 57-76页

作者： Renji Bian Changcun Li Qing liu Guiming Cao Qundong Fu Peng Meng Jiadong Zhou fucai liu Zheng liu School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University CNRS-International-NTU-Thales Research Alliance (CINTRA) Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou) University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Key Lab of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement(Ministry of Education) Beijing Key Lab of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems and School of Physics Beijing Institute of Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University

The last decade has witnessed the significant progress of physical fundamental research and great success of practical application in two-dimensional(2D) van der Waals(vdW) materials since the discovery of graphene in 2004.To date,vdW materials is still a vibrant and fast-expanding field,where tremendous reports have been published covering topics from cutting-edge quantum technology to urgent green energy,and so on.Here,we briefly review the emerging hot physical topics and intriguing materials,such as 2D topological materials,piezoelectric materials,ferroelectric materials,magnetic materials and twistronic heterostructures.Then,various vdW material synthetic strategies are discussed in detail,concerning the growth mechanisms,preparation conditions and typical examples.Finally,prospects and further opportunities in the booming field of 2D materials are addressed.

关键词： two-dimensional materials synthesis exfoliation chemical vapor deposition

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An oxide-based heterojunction optoelectronic synaptic device with wideband and rapid response performance

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第28期123卷 159-167页

作者： Chunmei Li Jinyong Wang Dongyang Li Nasir Ilyas Zhiqiang Yang Kexin Chen Peng Gu Xiangdong Jiang Deen Gu fucai liu Yadong Jiang Wei Li School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China Key Laboratory of Information Materials of Sichuan Province and School of Preparatory Education Southwest Minzu UniversityChengdu 610041China

With the rapid development of science and technology,the emergence of new application scenarios,such as robots,driverless vehicles and smart city,puts forward high requirements for artificial visual systems.Optoelectronic synaptic devices have attracted much attention due to their advantages in sensing,memory and computing integration.In this work,via band structure engineering and heterostructure designing,a heterojunction optoelectronic synaptic device based on Cu doped with n-type SrTiO_(3)(Cu:STO)film combined with p-type CuAlO_(2)(CAO)thin film was fabricated.It is found surprisingly that the optoelectronic device based on Cu:STO/CAO p-n heterojunction exhibits a rapid response of 2 ms,and that it has a wideband response from visible to near-infrared(NIR)region.Additionally,a series of important synaptic functions,including excitatory postsynaptic current(EPSC),paired-pulse facilitation(PPF),shortterm potentiation(STP)to long-term potentiation(LTP)transition,learning experience behavior and image sharpening,have been successfully simulated on the device.More importantly,the performance of the device remains still stable and reliable after several months which were stored at room temperature and atmospheric pressure.Based on these advantages,the optoelectronic synaptic devices demonstrated here provide great potential in the new generation of artificial visual systems.

关键词： Cu:STO/CAO heterojunction Optoelectronic synaptic devices Vis to NIR wideband Rapid response Artificial visual system

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Sea-urchin-like ReS_(2) nanosheets with charge edge-collection effect as a novel cocatalyst for high-efficiency photocatalytic H_(2) evolution

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2022年第2期33卷 943-947页

作者： Bo Lin Bowen Ma Jiangang Chen Yao Zhou Jiadong Zhou Xiaoqing Yan Chao Xue Xiao Luo Qing liu Jinyong Wang Renji Bian Guidong Yang fucai liu School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637371Singapore Key Lab of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement(Ministry of Education) Beijing Key Lab of Nanophotonics&Ultraﬁne Optoelectronic Systemsand School of PhysicsBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China XJTU-Oxford International Joint Laboratory for Catalysis School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-carbon and Environmental Materials(CDLCEM) School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

The recombination of charge carriers arriving from the random charge movement in semiconductor pho-tocatalysts greatly limits the practical application of solar-driven H_(2)evolution.The design of photo-catalytic systems with spatially oriented charge-transfer is a promising route to achieve high charge-separation efficiency for photocatalysts.Herein,novel sea-urchin-like Re S_(2)nanosheet/TiO_(2)nanoparticle heterojunctions(SURTHs)are constructed.The unique sea-urchin-like structure endows the ReS_(2)cocat-alyst with an unusual charge edge-collection effect,which leads to a significant acceleration of charge separation and transfer,as evidenced by the well-designed selective photodeposition of Pt quantum dots in SURTHs.The markedly improved charge transfer capacity contributes to a high photocatalytic H_(2)evo-lution rate of 3.71 mmol h^(−1)g^(−1)for SURTHs(an apparent quantum efficiency(AQE)of 16.09%),up to 231.9 times by contrast with that of P25 TiO_(2).This work would provide a new platform for designing the high-efficiency cocatalyst/photocatalyst system with excellent charge transfer capacity.

关键词： Sea-urchin-like ReS_(2)nanosheets Charge edge-collection effect 2D planar edges/tips Charge transfer Photocatalytic H_(2)evolution

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基于参考模型的电液伺服位置跟踪控制

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高技术通讯 2024年第5期34卷 515-524页

作者：刘梅桢王立新刘福才燕山大学智能控制系统与智能装备教育部工程研究中心秦皇岛066004 燕山大学河北省工业计算机控制工程重点实验室秦皇岛066004 燕山大学机械工程学院秦皇岛066004

针对电液伺服系统中存在的参数不确定性与未知外部扰动等问题,提出一种基于参考模型的电液伺服位置跟踪控制方法。首先根据电液伺服系统的非线性方程建立了系统的状态空间模型,据此构建由理想参考模型和总扰动组成的控制系统结构;然后... 详细信息

针对电液伺服系统中存在的参数不确定性与未知外部扰动等问题,提出一种基于参考模型的电液伺服位置跟踪控制方法。首先根据电液伺服系统的非线性方程建立了系统的状态空间模型,据此构建由理想参考模型和总扰动组成的控制系统结构;然后结合电液伺服系统状态空间模型分别设计理想参考模型和扰动观测器,实现参考模型输出可以精确跟踪给定输入信号和对系统总扰动的观测;最后设计控制律实现对总扰动的有效补偿和实际系统的输出对参考模型输出的精确跟踪。仿真与实验结果表明,基于参考模型的扰动观测器在电液伺服位置跟踪控制方面相比比例积分微分(PID)控制,可以有效地提高系统控制精度并减小系统动态控制误差,实现对给定输入信号准确的跟踪。

关键词：电液伺服系统跟踪控制扰动观测器参考模型

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基于自抗扰控制的机械臂末端力/位置控制

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高技术通讯 2024年第6期34卷 642-650页

作者：郑宏伟刘福才燕山大学智能控制系统与智能装备教育部工程研究中心秦皇岛066004 燕山大学工业计算机控制工程河北省重点实验室秦皇岛066004

针对机械臂末端力/位置控制问题,提出一种基于自抗扰控制(ADRC)的间接力/位置混合阻抗控制方案,将间接力/位置混合控制与阻抗控制相结合,在机械臂未与环境接触时采用位置控制,在与环境接触后切换为间接力控制,并体现出阻抗特性。该方案... 详细信息

针对机械臂末端力/位置控制问题,提出一种基于自抗扰控制(ADRC)的间接力/位置混合阻抗控制方案,将间接力/位置混合控制与阻抗控制相结合,在机械臂未与环境接触时采用位置控制,在与环境接触后切换为间接力控制,并体现出阻抗特性。该方案将混合阻抗控制与ADRC相结合,根据机械臂与环境接触时的阻抗模型建立ADRC控制器,并将阻抗参数视为系统总扰动的一部分,利用扩张状态观测器进行估计补偿,实现在无需计算阻抗参数的情况下使间接力/位置混合阻抗控制器在面对扰动时有较好的稳定性和鲁棒性。完成二自由度机械臂模型的仿真,并与传统阻抗控制器进行了比较,结果验证了所提出的基于ADRC的间接力/位置混合阻抗控制方案的有效性。

关键词：机械臂间接力/位置混合控制自抗扰控制(ADRC) 阻抗控制

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一种新型弱耦合并联髋关节康复机构设计及运动控制

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机械传动 2024年第6期48卷 41-49页

作者：邢济湲徐继龙刘福才燕山大学工业计算机控制工程河北省重点实验室河北秦皇岛066004

针对髋关节功能障碍人群,提出了一种新型弱耦合并联髋关节康复机构,该机构与人体下肢组成封闭运动链,使其具有3个转动自由度,且其转动中心与人体髋关节中心重合,可满足髋关节康复运动需求。采用封闭矢量法建立了人-机逆运动学模型;采用... 详细信息

针对髋关节功能障碍人群,提出了一种新型弱耦合并联髋关节康复机构,该机构与人体下肢组成封闭运动链,使其具有3个转动自由度,且其转动中心与人体髋关节中心重合,可满足髋关节康复运动需求。采用封闭矢量法建立了人-机逆运动学模型;采用数值法建立了人-机正运动学模型;基于模糊控制理论,设计了模糊自适应比例-微分(Proportional-Derivative,PD)控制器,利用跟踪误差及其导数构建控制律,采用模糊算法进行控制参数在线自适应调整。仿真和实验结果表明,设计的模糊自适应PD控制器响应速度快且跟踪效果良好。

关键词：并联机构弱耦合髋关节康复轨迹跟踪模糊自适应

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波浪能转换装置控制技术的发展

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船舶工程 2024年第1期46卷 1-8,29页

作者：王振春黄勇王年果刘福才燕山大学智能控制系统与智能装备教育部工程研究中心河北秦皇岛066004 燕山大学工业计算机控制工程河北省重点实验室河北秦皇岛066004

从波浪能转换装置的类型及代表性装置阐述国外波浪能装置的发展现状,并对国内波浪能装置的发展进行说明;以当前最普遍使用的点吸收器为例,将功率最大化作为控制目标,从最优和次优的角度介绍经典控制技术及近年来提出的新型控制技术;根... 详细信息

从波浪能转换装置的类型及代表性装置阐述国外波浪能装置的发展现状,并对国内波浪能装置的发展进行说明;以当前最普遍使用的点吸收器为例,将功率最大化作为控制目标,从最优和次优的角度介绍经典控制技术及近年来提出的新型控制技术;根据波浪能转换装置研究现状,对未来波浪能转换装置控制技术的主要研究方向进行预测与分析,研究成果可为波浪能转换装置控制技术的进一步研究提供参考。

关键词：波浪能转换装置功率最大化最优控制次优控制

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汽车轮毂表面缺陷检测技术分析与装置设计

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计量学报 2024年第6期45卷 806-818页

作者：刘福才张震宇徐继龙郑宏伟刘阳燕山大学智能控制系统与智能装备教育部工程研究中心河北秦皇岛066004 河北省高端装备产业技术研究院河北秦皇岛066004 中信戴卡股份有限公司河北秦皇岛066004

机器视觉作为代替人工检测轮毂表面缺陷的重要手段,是目前该领域的主要研究方向,因此针对汽车轮毂表面缺陷检测技术的研究现状进行了综述与分析。首先,从轮毂表面缺陷的类别和人工检测流程入手,阐述了基于机器视觉的轮毂表面缺陷检测技... 详细信息

机器视觉作为代替人工检测轮毂表面缺陷的重要手段,是目前该领域的主要研究方向,因此针对汽车轮毂表面缺陷检测技术的研究现状进行了综述与分析。首先,从轮毂表面缺陷的类别和人工检测流程入手,阐述了基于机器视觉的轮毂表面缺陷检测技术的要求和难点。其次,分析了基于机器视觉的智能检测算法的发展历程,包括传统的机器视觉方法在缺陷图像预处理、缺陷定位和特征提取、缺陷分类识别中的应用;卷积神经网络(CNN)等深度学习方法在缺陷检测、分割以及其他方面的应用。最后,介绍了现有轮毂型号识别装置、轮毂缺陷X射线图像采集装置、轮毂表面缺陷图像采集装置,并在分析当前基于机器视觉的智能检测装置在实际应用中的局限性及需要解决的若干关键技术问题的基础上,提出了3种智能检测实验装置设计方案,为全自动快速检测装置的研制与性能提升提供理论与技术支撑。

关键词：机器视觉汽车轮毂表面缺陷检测深度学习智能检测装置

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