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Molecular Plant 2022年第4期15卷 573-576页

作者： Qian liu kun Wu Yunzhe Wu Wenzhen Song Shuoxun Wang Xiangdong fu State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Rice is one of the most important staple food for over half the world's population.New evidence from the Food and Agriculture Organization shows that the number of hungry people in the world is growing,reaching more than 690 million in 2020.It is an urgent task to increase crop production to feed the people suffering from chronic hunger in the world.The Green Revolution of the 1960s boosted cereal yields through widespread adoption of semi-dwarf varieties and extensive use of inorganic fertilizers(Khush,2001).Today,the most productive Green Revolution varieties(GRVs)of rice and wheat in the world retain semi-dwarf phenotypes,which have several advantages over tall traditional varieties:(1)they have a lower center of gravity of the plant body,which decreases the risk of lodging and allows farmers to apply excessive fertilizers to obtain high yield;(2)they have an increased harvest index,which enables plants to allocate more energy and resources to seed production。

关键词： dwarf coordination fertilizers

Determination of the ED95 of intranasal sufentanil combined with intranasal dexmedetomidine for moderate sedation during endoscopic ultrasonography

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第9期10卷 2773-2782页

作者： Yi Zou Na Li liu-Jia-Zi Shao Fu-Kun Liu fu-Shan Xue Xing Tao Department of Anesthesiology Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100050China

BACKGROUND Sedation during endoscopic ultrasonography(EUS)poses many challenges and moderate-to-deep sedation are often required.The conventional method to preform moderate-to-deep sedation is generally intravenous benzodiazepine alone or in combination with opioids.However,this combination has some limitations.Intranasal medication delivery may be an alternative to this sedation regimen.AIM To determine,by continual reassessment method(CRM),the minimal effective dose of intranasal sufentanil(SUF)when combined with intranasal dexmedetomidine(DEX)for moderate sedation of EUS in at least 95%of patients(ED95).METHODS Thirty patients aged 18-65 and scheduled for EUS were recruited in this study.Subjects received intranasal DEX and SUF for sedation.The dose of DEX(1μg/kg)was fixed,while the dose of SUF was assigned sequentially to the subjects using CRM to determine ED95.The sedation status was assessed by modified observer’s assessment of alertness/sedation(MOAA/S)score.The adverse events and the satisfaction scores of patients and endoscopists were recorded.RESULTS The ED95 was intranasal 0.3μg/kg SUF when combined with intranasal 1μg/kg DEX,with an estimated probability of successful moderate sedation for EUS of 94.9%(95%confidence interval:88.1%-98.9%).When combined with intranasal 1μg/kg DEX,probabilities of successful moderate sedation at each dose level of intranasal SUF were as follows:0μg/kg SUF,52.8%;0.1μg/kg SUF,75.4%;0.2μg/kg SUF,89.9%;0.3μg/kg SUF,94.9%;0.4μg/kg SUF,98.0%;0.5μg/kg SUF,99.0%.CONCLUSION The ED95 needed for moderate sedation for EUS is intranasal 0.3μg/kg SUF when combined with intranasal 1μg/kg DEX,based on CRM.

关键词： Moderate sedation Intranasal administration Dexmedetomidine Sufentanil Continual reassessment method Endoscopic ultrasonography

Green Revolution DELLAs: From translational reinitiation to future sustainable agriculture

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Molecular Plant 2021年第4期14卷 547-549页

作者： Qian liu kun Wu Nicholas P.Harberd Xiangdong fu State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyInnovation Academy for Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Department of Plant Sciences University of OxfordSouth Parks RoadOxford 0X13RBUK College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The Green Revolution(GR)of the 1960s saw spectacular increases in cereal crop yields,enabled by widespread adoption of high-yielding semi-dwarf varieties and increased fertilizer use.Semi-dwarfism is caused by mutant wheat Reduced height-1(Rht-1)and rice semi-dwarf1(sd1)alleles,respectively,which confer increased harvest index(grain to straw ratio)and reduced yield loss from“lodging”(flattening of crops by wind or rain).However,despite their obvious global food security benefits,the underlying mechanisms via which GR dwarfing alleles actually work remained unknown.This began to change with the molecular discovery of Rht1(Peng et al.,1999).

关键词： dwarf crops cereal

Water promoted structural evolution of Ag nanocatalysts supported on alumina

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Nano Research 2023年第7期16卷 9107-9115页

作者： Conghui liu Rongtan Li Fei Wang kun Li Yamei Fan Rentao Mu Qiang fu Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650500China

Water is often involved in many catalytic processes,which can strongly affect structural evolution of catalysts during pretreatments and catalytic reactions.In this work,we demonstrate a promotional effect of H_(2)O on both oxidative dispersion and spontaneous aggregation of Ag nanocatalysts supported on alumina.Ag nanoparticles supported onγ-Al_(2)O_(3) and Ag nanowires on Al_(2)O_(3)(0001)can be dispersed into nanoclusters via annealing in O_(2)above 300℃,which is accelerated by introduction of H_(2)O into the oxidative atmosphere.furthermore,the formed highly dispersed Ag nanoclusters are subject to spontaneous aggregation in humid atmosphere at room temperature.Ex situ and in situ characterizations in both powder and model catalysts suggest that formation of abundant surface hydroxyls and/or water adlayer on the Al_(2)O_(3) surface in the H_(2)O-containing atmosphere facilitates the surface migration of Ag species,thus promoting both dispersion and aggregation processes.The aggregation of the supported Ag nanostructures induced by the humid oxidative atmosphere enhances CO oxidation but inhibits selective catalytic reduction of NO with C_(3)H_(6).This work illustrates the critical role of H_(2)O in structure and catalytic performance of metal nanocatalysts,which can be widely present in heterogeneous catalysis.

关键词： Ag nanocatalyst spontaneous aggregation oxidative dispersion water effect

Clavukoelloids A—M,Thirteen Rare N-Containing Nardosinane Type Sesquiterpenoids from the Soft Coral Clavularia koellikeri

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2023年第12期41卷 1491-1496页

作者： Xiao Han Zhe Wang Anran fu kun liu Zongchen Ma Xuli Tang Dahai Zhang Guoqiang Li Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs Chinese Ministry of Education School of Medicine and Pharmacy Ocean University of China Qingdao Shandong 266003 China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao Shandong 266100 China Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Biological Products National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao Shandong 266235 China

Thirteen new nitrogen-containing nardosinane-type sesquiterpenoids,clavukoelloids A-M(1-13)with unique acrylamide fragments vs.the reported general nardosinane-type sesquiterpenoids containing lactone,were isolated from the soft coral Clavularia koellikeri collected from the South China Sea.The structures and absolute configurations of new compounds were unambiguously determined by analysis of spectroscopic data,CP3,DP4+,ECD spectra,and X-ray diffraction.Compound 6 showed anti-inflammatory activities and hepatoprotective activities in transgenic fluorescent zebrafish.

关键词： Soft coral Clavularia koellikeri Nardosinane-type sesquiterpenoids Absolute configurations Activities Natural products NMR spectroscopy Terpenoids

Effects of water adsorption on active site-dependent H_(2)activation over MgO nanoflakes

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Nano Research 2023年第7期16卷 9059-9064页

作者： Aiyi Dong kun Li Rentao Mu Conghui liu Rongtan Li Haoran Jia Le Lin Qiang fu School of Science Dalian Maritime UniversityDalian 116026China State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China

Understanding the effect of H_(2)O adsorption on reactant activation is of great importance in heterogeneous catalysis,which remains a grand challenge particularly in oxide catalyst systems with structural complexity.Herein,the effect of D_(2)O adsorption on D_(2)activation over MgO nanocatalysts at different temperatures has been investigated by transmission Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR)and temperature-programmed desorption(TPD).Two sets of hydride and hydroxyl species produced from D_(2)dissociation at more active and less active Mg-O pairs can be observed by FT-IR,which all desorb via the product of D_(2)as confirmed by TPD experiments.We find that the physically adsorbed D_(2)O overlayer does not affect the dissociation of D_(2)since D_(2)may pass through the molecular layer and access the surface-active sites.When D_(2)O is partially dissociated on the MgO surface,D_(2)can only dissociate at the remaining active sites until that dissociated-ODw groups from D_(2)O occupy all active sites.These findings provide a fundamental understanding of the effect of water adsorption on D_(2)activation on oxide catalysts.

关键词： H_(2)activation MgO hydride hydroxyl H_(2)O

Prospective, randomized comparison of two supplemental oxygen methods during gastro-scopy with propofol mono-sedation in obese patients

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第20期9卷 5479-5489页

作者： liu-Jia-Zi Shao Fang-Xiao Hong Fu-Kun Liu Lei Wan fu-Shan Xue Department of Anesthesiology Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100050China

BACKGROUND Hypoxemia is a common complication in obese patients during gastroscopy with sedation.The Wei nasal jet tube(WNJT)is a new special nasopharyngeal airway with the ability to provide supraglottic jet ventilation and oxygen insufflation via its built-in wall channels.The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of the WNJT vs a nasal cannula for supplemental oxygen during gastroscopy with propofol mono-sedation in obese patients.AIM To compare the efficacy and safety of the WNJT vs a nasal cannula for supplemental oxygen during gastroscopy with propofol mono-sedation in obese patients.METHODS A total of 103 obese patients with a body mass index of 30 kg/m2 or more undergoing elective gastroscopy under propofol mono-sedation were randomly assigned to receive supplemental oxygen at 5 L/min through either a WNJT(WNJT group,n=51)or a nasal cannula(nasal cannula group,n=52).The lowest pulse oxygen saturation(SpO2)and mild and severe hypoxemia during gastroscopy were recorded.The primary outcome was the incidence of hypoxemia.RESULTS The lowest SpO2 during gastroscopy with propofol mono-sedation was significantly increased in the WNJT group compared with the nasal cannula group.The incidence of mild hypoxemia and total incidence of hypoxemia were significantly lower in the WNJT group than in the nasal cannula group.Other than a higher incidence of epistaxis in the WNJT group,the occurrence of adverse events was similar between the devices.While neither device demonstrated a statistically significant difference in satisfaction among patients,the WNJT did result in improved satisfaction among anesthetists and physicians.CONCLUSION During gastroscopy with propofol mono-sedation in obese patients,the WNJT,when compared with a nasal cannula for supplemental oxygen,can significantly reduce the occurrence of hypoxemia and improve both arterial oxygenation and satisfaction among anesthetists and physicians.The use of the WNJT may,however,lead to epistaxis in a few patients.In view of this clinically acc

关键词： Supplemental oxygen Gastroscopy Sedation Obese patients

Double-peaked decay of transient photovoltage in nanoporous ZnO/n-Si photodetector

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2014年第6期57卷 1206-1208页

作者： liu Hao fu Cheng ZHAO kun State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Terahertz Spectroscopy and Photoelectric Detection China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation(CPCIF)

In the present work,a nanoporous ZnO/n-Si structure has been proposed as a new type infrared photodetector.Triggered by one laser pulse with wavelength of 1064 nm,this structure exhibits a double-peak decay of transient photovoltage.Also,the time interval between these two peaks increases linearly with the increase of irradiated pulsed energy,indicating the promising application of this hetero-junction in photo-energy detection of infrared pulsed laser.A possible mechanism for this particular photoresponse has been discussed.

关键词：瞬态光电压纳米多孔硅光电探测器氧化锌衰减红外探测器双峰激光脉冲

Improving coordination of plant growth and nitrogen metabolism for sustainable agriculture

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aBIOTECH 2020年第4期1卷 255-275页

作者： Xiang Han kunWu Xiangdong fu Qian liu The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyInnovation Academy for Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The agricultural green revolution of the 1960s boosted cereal crop yield was in part due to cultivation of semi-dwarf green revolution varieties.The semi-dwarf plants resist lodging and require high nitrogen(N)fertilizer inputs to maximize yield.To produce higher grain yield,inorganic fertilizer has been overused by Chinese farmers in intensive crop production.With the ongoing increase in the food demand of global population and the environmental pollution,improving crop productivity with reduced N supply is a pressing challenge.Despite a great deal of research efforts,to date only a few genes that improve N use efficiency(NUE)have been identified.The molecular mechanisms underlying the coordination of plant growth,carbon(C)and N assimilation is still not fully understood,thus preventing significant improvement.Recent advances have shed light on how explore NUE within an overall plant biology system that considered the co-regulation of plant growth,C and N metabolisms as a whole,rather than focusing specifically on N uptake and assimilation.There are several potential approaches to improve NUE discussed in this review.Increasing knowledge of how plants sense and respond to changes in N availability,as well as identifying new targets for breeding strategies to simultaneously improve NUE and grain yield,could usher in a new green revolution.

关键词： Green revolution Yield Nitrogen use efficiency Growth-metabolism coordination Breeding strategy

Emerging insights into heterotrimeric G protein signaling in plants

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2016年第8期43卷 495-502页

作者： Quan Xu Mingzhu Zhao kun Wu Xiangdong fu Qian liu Rice Research Institute of Shenyang Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Northern Japonica Rice Genetics and BreedingMinistry of Education and Liaoning ProvinceKey Laboratory of Northeast Rice Biology and Genetics and BreedingMinistry of Agriculture The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of Sciences

Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein （G protein） signaling is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism in diverse eukaryotic organisms. In plants, the repertoire of the heterotrimeric G protein complex, which is composed of the Ga, Gβ, and Gy subunits, is much simpler than that in metazoans, and the identity of typical G protein-coupled receptors （GPCRs） together with their ligands still remains unclear. Comparative phenotypic analysis in Arabidopsis and rice plants using gain- and loss-of-function mutants of G protein components revealed that heterotrimeric G protein signaling plays important roles in a wide variety of plant growth and developmental processes. Grain yield is a complex trait determined by quantitative trait loci （QTL） and is influenced by soil nitrogen availability and environmental changes. Recent studies have shown that the manipulation of two non-canonical Gy subunits, GS3 （GRAIN SIZE 3） and DEP1 （DENSE AND ERECT PANICLE 1）, represents new strategies to simultaneously increase grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency in rice. This review discusses the latest advances in our understanding of the heterotrimeric G protein signal transduction pathway and its application in improving yield and stress tolerance in crops.

关键词： G protein signalingNon-canonical G subunitsDEP1GS3Yield potential