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Unveiling the distinctive traits of functional rye centromeres:minisatellites,retrotransposons,and R-loop formation

Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第9期67卷 1989-2002页

作者： Chang Liu shulan fu Congyang Yi Yang Liu Yuhong Huang Xianrui Guo Kaibiao Zhang Qian Liu James A.Birchler Fangpu Han State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Key Laboratory for Plant Genetics and Breeding Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China Division of Biological Science University of MissouriColumbia 65211-7400USA

Centromeres play a vital role in cellular division by facilitating kinetochore assembly and spindle *** their conserved functionality,centromeric DNA sequences exhibit rapid evolution,presenting diverse sizes and compositions across *** functional significance of rye centromeric DNA sequences,particularly in centromere identity,remains *** this study,we comprehensively characterized the sequence composition and organization of rye *** findings revealed that these centromeres are primarily composed of long terminal repeat retrotransposons(LTR-RTs)and interspersed *** systematically classified LTR-RTs into five categories,highlighting the prevalence of younger CRS1,CRS2,and CRS3 of CRSs(centromeric retrotransposons of Secale cereale)were primarily located in the core centromeres and exhibited a higher association with CENH3 *** minisatellites,mainly derived from retrotransposons,along with CRSs,played a pivotal role in establishing functional centromeres in ***,we observed the formation of R-loops at specific regions of CRS1,CRS2,and CRS3,with both rye pericentromeres and centromeres exhibiting enrichment in ***,these R-loops selectively formed at binding regions of the CENH3 nucleosome in rye centromeres,suggesting a potential role in mediating the precise loading of CENH3 to centromeres and contributing to centromere *** work provides insights into the DNA sequence composition,distribution,and potential function of R-loops in rye *** knowledge contributes valuable information to understanding the genetics and epigenetics of rye centromeres,offering implications for the development of synthetic centromeres in future plant modifications and beyond.

关键词： centromere LTR-RTs minisatellite rye R-loop

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Formation of the modern scenic city of Hangzhou:towards conservation integrated urban planning,1950s–1990s

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Built Heritage 2020年第3期4卷 18-31页

作者： shulan fu Panpan Jin College of Civil Engineering and Architecture Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina

From the 1950s to the 1990s,China underwent a significant transformation of its political system and economy,from socialism to rapid development after the reform and opening *** the 1980s and 1990s,to meet the demand for housing and urban modernization under the rapid growth of cities,almost all Chinese cities underwent large-scale urban construction,transformation and *** this background of rapid advancement,many cities have lost their traditional urban features and ***,it was during this period that Hangzhou not only restored the historical scenery of West Lake through multiple projects but also explored overall planning of the city and introduced conservation ideas,making West Lake,which was originally located outside the city,part of the *** period also shaped the contemporary urban characteristics of Hangzhou with traditional landscape *** explore Hangzhou’s positive experience and determine the critical junctures and influencing factors,this study observed the entire historical process using morphological *** on a summary of the characteristics of each development stage,this study further focuses on the key issue of how conservation ideas are gradually introduced into urban planning and affect the development process.

关键词： Hangzhou West Lake 1950s–1990s morphological method conservation urban planning scenic city

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Alteration of Terminal Heterochromatin and Chromosome Rearrangements in Derivatives of Wheat-Rye Hybrids

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2013年第8期40卷 413-420页

作者： shulan fu Zhenling Lv Xiang Guo Xiangqi Zhang Fangpu Han State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Geneticsand Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Plant Breeding and Genetics Sichuan Agriculture University

Wheat-rye addition and substitution lines and their self progenies revealed variations in telomeric heterochromatin and centromeres, furthermore, a mitotically unstable dicentric chromosome and stable multicentric chromosomes were observed in the progeny of a Chinese Spring-lmperial rye 3R addition line. An unstable multicentric chromosome was found in the progeny of a 6R/6D substitution line. Drastic variation of terminal heterochromatin including movement and disappearance of terminal heterochromatin occurred in the progeny of wheat- rye addition line 3R, and the 5RS ditelosomic addition line. Highly stable minichromosomes were observed in the progeny ofa monosomic 4R addition line, a ditelosomic 5RS addition line and a 6R/6D substitution line. Minichromosomes, with and without the FISH signals for telomeric DNA （TTTAGGG）n, derived from a monosomic 4R addition line are stable and transmissible to the next generation. The results indicated that centromeres and terminal heterochromatin can be profoundly altered in wheat-rye hybrid derivatives.

关键词： Wheat-Rye addition lines Chromosome rearrangements Multiple centromeres Minichromosomes Heterochromatin

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ND-FISH-positive oligonucleotide probes for detecting specific segments of rye (Secale cereale L.) chromosomes and new tandem repeats in rye

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The Crop Journal 2020年第2期8卷 171-181页

作者： Wei Xi Shuyao Tang Haimei Du Jie Luo Zongxiang Tang shulan fu College of Agronomy Sichuan Agricultural UniversityWenjiang 611130SichuanChina Institute of Ecological Agriculture Sichuan Agricultural UniversityWenjiang 611130SichuanChina Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Genetics and Breeding Wenjiang 611130SichuanChina

Rye(Secale cereale L.)has been widely used to improve wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)*** probes combined with non-denaturing fluorescence in situ hybridization(ND-FISH)technology provide a convenient and efficient way to identify individual rye ***,suitable ND-FISH-positive oligo probes for recognizing specific segments of rye chromosomes are *** new ND-FISH-positive oligo probes:Oligo-5BL.46,Oligo-5A8080,Oligo-5A8080.1,Oligo-1AL.73,and Oligo-0R3,combined with two previously reported oligo probes,Oligo-44 and Oligo-45,were used in this *** Oligo-5BL.46,Oligo-5A8080 and Oligo-44 produced signals only in intercalary regions of arms 1RS,5RS,and 5RL,*** Oligo-5A8080.1 combined with probe Oligo-45 distinguished the intercalary regions of arms 1RS,5RS,and 6RS ***-5A8080 and Oligo-5A8080.1 revealed variation in the distribution of 5S rDNA sequences and polymorphism among 5R *** Oligo-1AL.73 produced signals only on chromosomes 4R and 7R and contributed to the construction of an improved FISH map of chromosome 4RKu and to the confirmation of 4RLKu breakpoints in wheat-rye 4RLKu translocation ***-0R3 produced signals in the telomeric and subtelomeric regions of 14 rye *** oligo probes also revealed five new tandem repeats in *** the oligo probes reported in this study,the short arms of 1R,5R,and 6R and the long arms of 4R and 7R can be easily discriminated when these chromosomes are broken.

关键词： Secale cultivar Probe

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Identification and Physical Mapping of New PCR-Based Markers Specific for the Long Arm of Rye(Secale cereale L.) Chromosome 6

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2016年第4期43卷 199-206页

作者： Meng Li Zongxiang Tang Ling Qiu Yangyang Wang Shuyao Tang shulan fu Province Key Laboratory of Plant Breeding and Genetics Sichuan Agricultural University Agronomy College Sichuan Agricultural University

To effectively use elite genes on the long arm of rye chromosome 6（the 6RL arm） in wheat breeding programs,precise and fast identification of 6RL chromatin in wheat backgrounds is ***-based 6RL-specific markers can facilitate the detection of elite genes on 6RL in wheat ***,only a limited number of 6RL-specific markers have been *** the present study.300 new PCR-based 6RL-specific markers were identified using specific length amplified fragment sequencing（SLAF-seq） technology,and were further physically mapped to four regions on the 6RL arm using 6R and 6RL deletion ***,127 of the 300 markers were physically localized to a region from the site between 2.3 and 2.5 to the telomere,the same region where the powdery mildew resistance gene was *** addition,95 of the 300 markers exhibit polymorphisms,which can be used to investigate the diversity of rye 6RL *** markers developed in this study can be used to identify given segments of 6RL in wheat backgrounds and accelerate the utilization of elite genes on 6RL in wheat breeding.

关键词： Wheat Rye 6RL-specific marker Physical mapping SLAF-seq Powdery mildew

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Formation of City-Lake Integrated Urban Morphology in Hangzhou: A Study on the Related History Starting from the New Market Plan of the Lakefront District in Early Modern Times

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城市规划：英文版 2015年第2期24卷 64-73页

作者： fu shulan Yukio Nishimura Qian Fang Department of Regional and Urban Planning College of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureZhejiang University Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology The University of Tokyo ICOMOS Japan

In the early modern times in China, local planners have made several construction plans for Hangzhou's old city center and the West Lake, resulting in the gradual formation of a city-lake integrated urban form, which is valued nowadays for its uniqueness and characteristically Chinese cityscape aesthetics. The key plan that spurred this process of linking the old city with the West Lake was a plan titled "Building a New Market"(1914). By elucidating the time, process, and contents of the plan, this paper analyzes the spatial transformation of the lakefront districts based on old maps, and then interprets how it led the forming process of the "city-lake integrated" urban form in Hangzhou.

关键词： New Market Plan Hangzhou modern times lakefront di

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Dicentric Chromosome Formation and Epigenetics of Centromere Formation in Plants

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2012年第3期39卷 125-130页

作者： shulan fu Zhi Gao James Birchler Fangpu Han State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100101China Division of Biological Sciences 311 Tucker HallUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMissouri 65211USA

Plant centromeres are generally composed of tandem arrays of simple repeats that form a complex chromosome locus where the kinetochore forms and microtubules attach during mitosis and meiosis. Each chromosome has one centromere region, which is essential for accurate division of the genetic material. Recently, chromosomes containing two centromere regions （called dicentric chromosomes） have been found in maize and wheat. Interestingly, some dicentric chromosomes are stable because only one centromere is active and the other one is inactivated. Because such arrays maintain their typical structure for both active and inactive centromeres, the specification of centromere activity has an epigenetic component independent of the DNA sequence. Under some circumstances, the inactive centromeres may recover centromere function, which is called centromere reactivation. Recent studies have highlighted the important changes, such as DNA methylation and histone modification, that occur during centromere inactivation and reactivation.

关键词： Centromere Inactivation Epigenetics Wheat Maize

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Development of Triticum aestivume——Leymus mollis Translocation Lines and Identification of Resistance to Stripe Rust

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2015年第3期42卷 129-132页

作者： Haoxun Li Renchun Fan shulan fu Bo Wei Shichang Xu Jing Feng Qi Zheng Xianping Wang Fangpu Han Xiangqi Zhang State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of Sciences National Center for Plant Gene Research Chinese Academy of SciencesInstitute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Key Laboratory of Plant Breeding Genetics Sichuan Agriculture University Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Wheat stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is one of the most widely distributed and destructive fungal diseases worldwide. Since 1995, most Chinese wheat cultivars have lost their stripe rust resistance due to the subsequent emergence of the new races CYR30, CYR31, CYR32, and CYR33 （Han et al., 2010）. Therefore, it is necessary to seek effective resistance genes and develop new resistance germ- plasm for wheat resistance breeding.

关键词： Leymus mollis Translocation Lines and Identification of Resistance to Stripe Rust Development of Triticum aestivume line FISH GISH

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Polydopamine-modified metal-organic frameworks nanoparticles enhance the corrosion resistance and bioactivity of polycaprolactone coating on high-purity magnesium

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 2070-2089页

作者： Qingyun fu Shaojie He Junjie Yang Ziyu Su Ping Li Xincheng Yu Weihong Jin shulan Xu Zhentao Yu Dingsheng Zha Center of Oral Implantology Stomatological HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina Panyu Hospital of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou 511400China Institute of Advanced Wear&Corrosion Resistant and functional Materials Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University Guangzhou 510630China

Biodegradable magnesium(Mg)and its alloys exhibit excellent biocompatibility and mechanical compatibility,demonstrating tremendous potential for applications in ***,the rapid degradation rate has limited their clinical ***(PCL)is commonly employed as a polymer coating to impede the rapid degradation of ***,its long-term anti-corrosion capability and bioactivity are *** address these issues,polydopamine(PDA)-modified zeolitic imidazolate framework-8(PZIF-8)bioactive nanoparticles are fabricated and incorporated into the PCL *** PZIF-8 particles,featuring catechol motifs,can enhance the compactness of the PCL coating,reduce its defects,and possess biomineralization ability,thereby effectively improving its anti-corrosive and bioactive ***,the active substances released from the degradation of the PZIF-8 particles such as Zn^(2+)and PDA are beneficial for *** corrosion tests indicate that the corrosion current density of PCL-treated sample decreases by more than one order of magnitude and the amount of H_(2)released decreases from 0.23±0.12 to 0.08±0.08 ml cm^(-2)after doping with the ***,the improved corrosion resistance and released PDA and Zn^(2+)from the coating can promote osteogenic differentiation by up-regulating the expression of alkaline phosphatase activity,related osteogenic genes,and *** addition,in vivo implantation experiments in rabbit femur defects further offer strong evidence that the doping of PZIF-8 nanoparticles accelerates bone reconstruction of the PCL *** summary,this work implies a new strategy to fabricate a PCL-based coating on Mg-based implants by introducing the PZIF-8 particles for orthopedic applications.

关键词： Polydopamine ZIF-8 High-purity magnesium Polycaprolactone coating Anticorrosion Bone regeneration

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Molecular Cytogenetic Characterization of Wheat-Thinopyrum elongatum Addition,Substitution and Translocation Lines with a Novel Source of Resistance to Wheat fusarium Head Blight

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2012年第2期39卷 103-110页

作者： shulan fu Zhenling Lv Bao Qi Xiang Guo Jun Li Bao Liu Fangpu Han State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE and Institute of Genetics&Cytology Northeast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China

Thinopyrum elongatum （2n = 2x = 14, EE）, a wild relative of wheat, has been suggested as a potentially novel source of resistance to several major wheat diseases including fusarium Head Blight （FHB）. In this study, a series of wheat （cv. Chinese Spring, CS） substitution and ditelosomic lines, including Th. elongatum additions, were assessed for Type II resistance to FHB. Results indicated that the lines containing chromosome 7E of Th. elongatum gave a high level of resistance to FHB, wherein the infection did not spread beyond the inoculated floret. furthermore, it was determined that the novel resistance gene（s） of 7E was located on the short-ann （7ES） based on sharp difference in FHB resistance between the two 7E ditelosomic lines for each arm. On the other hand, Th. elongatum chromosomes 5E and 6E likely contain gene（s） for susceptibility to FHB because the disease spreads rapidly within the inoculated spikes of these lines. Genomic in situ hybridization （GISH） analysis revealed that the alien chromosomes in the addition and substitution lines were intact, and the lines did not contain discernible genomic aberrations. GISH and multicolor-GISH analyses were further performed on three trans- location lines that also showed high levels of resistance to FHB. Lines TA3499 and TA3695 were shown to contain one pair of wheat-Th. elongatum translocated chromosomes involving fragments of 7D plus a segment of the 7E, while line TA3493 was found to contain one pair of wheat-Th, elongatum translocated chromosomes involving the D- and A-genome chromosomes of wheat. Thus, this study has established that the short-arm of chromosome 7E of Th. elongatum harbors gene（s） highly resistant to the spreading of FHB, and chromatin of 7E introgressed into wheat chromosomes largely retained the resistance, implicating the feasibility of using these lines as novel material for breeding FHB-resistant wheat cultivars.

关键词： Thinopyrum elongatum Alien addition lines Substitution lines fusarium Head Blight resistance (FHB) Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH)

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