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Coexpression of receptor-tyrosine-kinases in gastric adenocarcinoma-a rationale for a molecular targeting strategy?

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第26期13卷 3605-3609页

作者： daniel drescher Markus Moehler Ines Gockel Kirsten Frerichs Annett Müller friedrich dünschede Thomas Borschitz Stefan Biesterfeld Martin Holtmann Thomas Wehler Andreas Teufel Kerstin Herzer Thomas Fischer Martin R Berger Theodor Junginger Peter R Galle Carl C Schimanski department of General and Abdominal Surgery Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz MainzGermany First department of Internal Medicine Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz MainzGermany Institute of Pathology Johannes Gutenberg University of MainzMainzGermany Third department of Internal Medicine Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz MainzGermany Unit of toxicology and chemotherapy German Cancer Research CenterGermany

AIM： To define the （co-）expression pattern of target receptor-tyrosine-kinases （RTK） in human gastric adenocarcinoma. METHOdS： The （co-）expression pattern of VEGFR1-3, PdGFR（α/β and EGFR1 was analyzed by RT-PCR in 51 human gastric adenocarcinomas. In addition, IHC staining was applied for confirmation of expression and analysis of RTK localisation. RESULTS： The majority of samples revealed a VEGFR1 （98%）, VEGFR2 （80%）, VEGFR3 （67%）, PdGFRα （82%） and PdGFRβ （82%） expression, whereas only 62% exhibited an EGFR1 expression. 78% of cancers expressed at least four out of six RTKs. While VEGFR1-3 and PdGFRα revealed a predominantly cytoplasmatic staining in tumor cells, accompanied by an additional nuclear staining for VEGFR3, EGFR1 was almost exclusively detected on the membrane of tumor cells. PdGFRβ was restricted to stromal pericytes, which also depicted a PdGFRα expression. CONCLUSION： Our results reveal a high rate ofreceptor-tyrosine-kinases coexpression in gastric adenocarcinoma and might therefore encourage an application of multiple-target RTK-inhibitors within a combination therapy.

关键词： VEGFR EGFR PdGFR Cancer Adeno-carcinoma Gastric Stomach

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Yield Improvement and Advanced defect Control——driving Forces for Modeling of Bulk Crystal Growth

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Journal of Rare Earths 2006年第Z1期24卷 200-207页

作者： Georg Mueller Jochen friedrich Crystal Growth Laboratory University Erlangen-Nürnberg (WW6) and Fraunhofer Institute of Integrated Systems and Device Technology (IISB) Martensstrasse 7 D-91058 Erlangen Germany Crystal Growth Laboratory University Erlangen-Nürnberg (WW6) and Fraunhofer Institute of Integrated Systems and Device Technology (IISB) Martensstrasse 7 D-91058 Erlangen Germany

Yield improvement and advanced defect control can be identified as the driving forces for modeling of industrial bulk crystal growth. Yield improvement is mainly achieved by upscaling of the whole crystal growth apparatus and increased processing windows with more tolerances for parameter variations. Advanced defect control means on one hand a reduction of the number of deficient crystal defects and on the other hand the formation of beneficial crystal defects with a uniform distribution and well defined concentrations in the whole crystal. This "defect engineering" relates to the whole crystal growth process as well as the following cooling and optional annealing processes, respectively. These topics were illustrated in the paper by examples of modeling and experimental results of bulk growth of silicon (Si), gallium arsenide (GaAs), indium phosphide (InP) and calcium fluoride (CaF2). These examples also involve the state of the art of modeling of the most important melt growth techniques, crystal pulling (Czochralski methods) and vertical gradient freeze (Bridgman-type methods).

关键词： yield improvement advanced defect control crystal growth

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Paleomagnetic age and palaeobiological significance of hominoid fossil strata of Yuanmou Basin in Yunnan

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Science China Earth Sciences 2004年第5期47卷 405-411页

作者： friedrich A. Heller Institute of Geophysics ETH Zurich Switzerland CH-8093

The two sections containing hominoid fossils in the Yuanmou Basin, Yunnan Prov-ince have been studied by means of magnetostratigraphy. The results are as follows. The Xiaohe section records over 8 polarity zones corresponding to Cande-Kent95 time scale, including C3Br.1n, C3Br.1r, C3Br.2n, C3Br.2r, C4n.1n, C4n.1r, C4n.2n and C4n.2r, attaching to Late Mio-cene. This section comprises two layers of hominoid fossils: the lower layer (the 1st layer in fig. 4) which records the lower portion of C4n.2r with paleomagnetic age of 8.20—8.10 Ma and the upper layer (the 16th layer in fig. 4) which records C3Br.1r with paleomagnetic age of 7.20—7.15 Ma. So the age of hominoid fossils in the Xiaohe section is about 8.20—7.15 Ma. The Leilao section records over 11 polarity zones corresponding to Cande-Kent95 time scale, including C3Br, C3Br.1n, C3Br.1r, C3Br.2n, C3Br.2r, C4n.1n, C4n.1r, C4n.2n, C4n.2r, C4n.3n and C4n.3r, attaching to Late Miocene. This section also consists of two layers of hominoid fossils: the lower layer (the 3rd layer in fig. 3) which records C4n.2r with the age of 8.20—8.10 Ma and the upper layer(the 19th layer in fig. 3) which records the middle portion of C3Br with the age of 7.15—7.1 Ma. So the age of hominoid fossils in the Leilao section is about 8.20—7.10 Ma. Sedimentary environments reflected in both sections are extremely similar, and the ages of hominoid fossils are of correspondency. The age of the lower and upper fossil layers is 8.20—8.10 Ma and 7.20—7.10 Ma respectively, which probably imply that hominoids living in Xiaohe and Leilao basins have uniform activity areas. There were hominoids activities all along during 8.00—7.00 MaBP in this field.

关键词： Yuanmou Basin, hominoid, paleomagnetism, chronology.

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der Richter und sein Henker

Der Richter und sein Henker

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作者： friedrich dürrenmatt

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Griego busca griega

Griego busca griega

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作者： friedrich dürrenmatt

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dielectrophoretic assembly of carbon nanotubes and stability analysis

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2013年第4期23卷 367-373页

作者： Libao An Craig friedrich College of Mechanical Engineering Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic MaterialsHebei United University department of Mechanical Engineering-Engineering Mechanics Multi-Scale Technologies InstituteMichigan Technological University

Nanoscale dimensions and remarkable properties of carbon nanotubes make them promising building blocks for *** requirement is the need to manipulate single or multiple carbon nanotubes to bridge electronic *** this paper,multi-walled carbon nanotubes with a variety of sizes are assembled onto electrodes using alternative current electric felds by *** effect of the dielectrophoretic parameters and the nanotube size as well as the length uniformity on the assembly is experimentally ***–voltage characteristics of assembled carbon nanotubes are *** experimental results showed that both the dielectrophoretic parameters and length uniformity of carbon nanotubes have an infuence on the stability of assembly *** uniform carbon nanotubes with an appropriate length and suffcient stiffness,which are more controllable by dielectrophoresis,is necessary for an assembly of a small number of carbon nanotubes.

关键词： Carbon nanotube Assembly dielectrophoresis Process parameter Stability

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STRAIN-GRAdIENT STRESS ANALYSIS IN SAINT-VENANT BENdING

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 1996年第3期12卷 225-242页

作者： friedrich Wilhelm Hecker Jerzy Tadeusz Pindera Technische Universitat Braunschweig D-38106 Braunschweig Germany University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada

Light beam deflections caused by stress or strain gradients are inves- tigated analytically and experimentally in homogeneous beam specimens which are subjected to a particular case of flexure with shear. This study is a generalization of the prior an alytical-experimental examination of strain-gradient light deflections produced in stressed plates, which had concentrated on the simplest case where in- formation of interest is collected along a line of symmetry of the stress field. Main purpose of the present investigation is to document the efficacy of the strain-gradient method in analysis of the general case of stress state. The most interesting stress state is that in a beam subjected to the Saint-Venant bending, where the transversal and the longitudinal axes of the beam are in pure shear. The obtained results are compared with the predictions of the developed analytical models and with the pre- dictions of Filon's stress function. The procedures of evaluating the photoelastic and material coefficients using strain-gradient techniques were tested positively.

关键词： experimental stress analysis applied mechanics optical methods light propagation strain-gradient light bending testing mathematical models

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Influence of drag laws on pressure and bed material recirculation rate in a cold flow model of an 8 MW dual fluidized bed system by means of CPFd

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Particuology 2018年第1期16卷 70-81页

作者： Stephan Kraft friedrich Kirnbauer Hermann Hofbauer Bioenergy 2020+ GmbH Wiener Strasse 49 A- 7540 Gussing Austria TU Wien Institute of Chemical Engineering Getreidemarkt 9/166 Vienna Austria

A cold flow model of an 8 MW dual fluidized bed （dFB） system is simulated using the commercial compu- tational particle fluid dynamics （CPFd） software package Barracuda. The dFB system comprises a bubbling bed connected to a fast fluidized bed with the bed material circulating between them. As the hydrodynam- ics in hot dFB plants are complex because of high temperatures and many chemical reaction processes, cold flow models are used. Performing numerical simulations of cold flows enables a focus on the hydro- dynamics as the chemistry and heat and mass transfer processes can be put aside. The drag law has a major influence on the hydrodynamics, and therefore its influence on pressure, particle distribution, and bed material recirculation rate is calculated using Barracuda and its results are compared with experimental results. The drag laws used were energy-minimization multiscale （EMMS）, Ganser, Turton-Levenspiel, and a combination of Wen-Yu]Ergun. Eleven operating points were chosen for that study and each was calculated with the aforementioned drag laws. The EMMS drag law best predicted the pressure and dis- tribution of the bed material in the different parts of the dFB system. For predicting the bed material recirculation rate, the Ganser drag law showed the best results. However, the drag laws often were not able to predict the experimentally found trends of the bed material recirculation rate. Indeed, the drag law significantly influences the hydrodynamic outcomes in a dFB system and must be chosen carefully to obtain meaningful simulation results. More research may enable recommendations as to which drag law is useful in simulations ofa dFB system with CPFd.

关键词： Cold flow modeling Fluidization Computational particle fluid dynamics(CPFd) simulation dual fluidized bed Computational fluid dynamics

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Novel pharmacological strategies to prevent aortic complications in Marfan syndrome

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2011年第4期8卷 254-257页

作者： Peter Matt friedrich Eckstein division of Cardiac Surgery Basel University HospitalSpitalstrasse 21CH-4031 BaselSwitzerland

The Marfan syndrome(MFS)is a systemic connective tissue disorder caused by mutations in the FBN1 *** molecular studies,most performed in mouse models,revealed that the MFS is more a developmental abnormality with broad and complex effects on the morphogenesis and function of multiple organ ***1 haploinsufficiency and dysregulated transforming growth factor-beta(TGF-β)signaling seem to be critical for clinical manifestations in MFS including aortic root *** root aneurysm and aortic dissection represent the main causes of morbidity and mortality in *** importantly,TGF-βantagonism through angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers(ARBs),for example losartan,has been shown to prevent and possibly reverse aortic root dilatation in a mouse model of MFS.A first human study on a small pediatric cohort confirmed those promising results in reducing the aortic root growth over a follow-up period of 12 to 47 ***,a large multicenter trial has been set up and results should be available *** therapeutic strategies which might be combined with losartan include traditionalβ-blockade,doxycyclin and *** management could offer the first potential for primary prevention of clinical manifestations in MFS.

关键词： Marfan syndrome aneurysm angiotensin receptor blocker

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Collision risk-capacity tradeoff analysis of an en-route corridor model

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2014年第1期27卷 125-135页

作者： Ye Bojia Hu Minghua John friedrich Shortle College of Civil Aviation Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics National Key Laboratory of Air Traffic Flow Management Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Center for Air Transportation Systems Research George Mason University

Flow corridors are a new class of trajectory-based airspace which derives from the next generation air transportation system concept of operations. Reducing the airspace complexity and increasing the capacity are the main purposes of the en-route corridor. This paper analyzes the collision risk-capacity tradeoff using a combined discrete-continuous simulation method. A basic two-dimensional en-route flow corridor with performance rules is designed as the operational envi- ronment. A second-order system is established by combining the point mass model and the propor- tional derivative controller together to simulate the self-separation operations of the aircrafts in the corridor and the operation performance parameters from the User Manual for the Base of Aircraft data are used in this research in order to improve the reliability. Simulation results indicate that the aircrafts can self-separate from each other efficiently by adjusting their velocities, and rationally set- ting the values of some variables can improve the rate and stability of the corridor with low risks of loss of separation.

关键词： Air traffic control Corridor Risk-capacity tradeoff Self-separation Simulation

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