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Encroachment drives facilitation at alpine shrublines

Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 62-72页

作者： Yafeng Wang Eryuan Liang j.julio Camarero College of Ecology and Environment Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037China State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Environment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología(IPE-CSIC) Zaragoza50080Spain

Ongoing encroachment is driving recent alpine shrubline dynamics globally,but the role of shrub-shrub interactions in shaping shrublines and their relationships with stem density changes remain poorly ***,the size and age of shrubs from 26 Salix shrubline populations along a 900-km latitudinal gradient(30°-38°n)were measured and mapped across the eastern Tibetan *** pattern analyses were used to quantify the spatial distribution patterns of juveniles and adults,and to assess spatial associations between *** intensity of univariate and bivariate spatial patterns was related to biotic and abiotic *** mark correlation functions with a quantitative mark(shrub height,basal stem diameter,crown width)were also employed to investigate the spatial relationships between shrub traits of juveniles and *** equation models were used to explore the relationships among conspecific interactions,patterns,shrub traits and recruitment dynamics under climate *** shrublines showed clustered patterns,suggesting the existence of conspecific *** patterns of juveniles and conspecific interactions(potentially facilitation)tended to intensify with increasing soil moisture *** warming before 2010 triggered positive effects on population interactions and spatial patterns via increased shrub ***,summer warming after2010 triggered negative effects on interactions through reduced shrub ***,shrub recruitment shifts under rapid climate change could impact spatial patterns,alter conspecific interactions and modify the direction and degree of shrublines responses to *** changes would have profound implications for the stability of alpine woody ecosystems.

关键词： Alpine shrubline Positive interactions Facilitation Spatial clustering Point pattern analyses

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Analysis of synthetic parameters for coating aluminum powders with phenyltriethoxysilane coupling agent and their effects on powder flow behavior

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 412-417页

作者： Lillian M.Mawby Bellamarie Ludwig Benjamin j.Lear Department of Chemistry The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA Applied Research Laboratory The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA

Though silanization of aluminum powder is currently used to improve its flow properties,for use as an alternative fuel source,there are a wide range of experimental parameters for the process and not all of them have been thoroughly *** this is complete,it is unknown if the process is optimized in terms of time,efficiency,and ***,we report on a study into the effects of changes in humidity,degree of agitation,reaction temperature,and curing time upon the deposition of phenyl triethoxysilane into 20μm(d50)aluminum *** confirm the deposition of the coating via diffuse reflectance infrared spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron *** then characterize the coated particles using apparent density measurements and Carney flow *** analysis of variance,we find that,of the parameters explored,only changes in cure time and reaction temperature provide meaningful changes to the apparent density,while none of our parameters produced statistically significant changes in Carney flow ***,we conclude that,when optimizing silanization of aluminum particles,environmental control of humidity is unneeded and that the reaction can be run with minimal *** ability to largely ignore these parameters is a benefit to large-scale processing.

关键词： Aluminum powder Silane Fluidization Apparent density Carney flow

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Further investigation on the fusion of ^(6)Li with ^(209)Bi target at near-barrier energies

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第7期48卷 106-117页

作者：张高龙焦振威张广鑫 M.R.Cortes 胡世鹏钱建强 D.Mengoni 屈卫卫李聪博郑云张焕乔孙慧斌王楠张春雷 j.j.Valiente-Dobón D.Testov M.Mazzocco A.Gozzelino C.Parascandolo D.Pierroutsakou M.La Commara A.Goasduff D.Bazzacco D.R.napoli F.Galtarossa F.Recchia A.Illana S.Bakes I.Zanon S.Aydin G.de Angelis M.Siciliano R.Menegazzo S.M.Lenzi j.L.Ferreira j.Rangel Serkan Akkoyun L.F.Canto j.Lubian School of Physics Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Sino-French Institute of nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Instituto de Física Universidade Federal Fluminense24210-340NiteróiRio de JaneiroBrazil Institute for Advanced Study in nuclear Energy&Safety Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Research and Manufacture of High Purity Germanium Materials and Fetectors Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China InFn Sezione di PadovaPadovaItaly Dipartimento di fisica Astronomia dell'Universita di padova PadovaItaly State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection School of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413China The Key Laboratory of Beam Technology and Material Modification of Ministry of Education College of Nuclear Science and TechnologyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China InFn Laboratori Nazionali di LegnaroI-35020 LegnaroItaly InFn Sezione di NapoliI-80126 NapoliItaly Dipartimento di Farmacia Universitàdi Napoli"Federico II"I-80131 NapoliItaly Department of natural and Mathematical Sciences Faculty of EngineeringTarsus University33480 MersinTurkiye Physics Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemont-ILUSA Departamento de Matemaética Física e Computaç˜ao Universidade do Estado do Rio de JaneiroFaculdade de Tecnologia27537-000ResendeRio de JaneiroBrazil Department of Physics Sivas Cumhuriyet UniversitySivasTurkey Instituto de Física Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroCP 6852821941-972Rio de JaneiroBrazil

The complete and incomplete fusion cross sections for ^(6)Li+^(209)Bi were measured using the in-beamγ-ray method around the Coulomb *** cross sections of(deuteron captured)incomplete fusion(ICF)products were re-quantified experimentally for this reaction *** results reveal that the ICF cross section is equivalent to that of complete fusion(CF)above the Coulomb barrier and dominant near or below the Coulomb barrier.A theoretical calculation based on the continuum discretized coupled channel(CDCC)method was performed for the aforementioned CF and ICF cross sections;the result is consistent with the *** universal fusion function(UFF)was also compared with the measured CF cross section for different barrier parameters,demonstrating that the CF suppression factor is significantly influenced by the choice of potential,which can reflect both dynamic and static effects of breakup on the fusion process.

关键词： cross section incomplete fusion suppression factor weakly bound nuclei

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Plant triterpenoid saponins function as susceptibility factors to promote the pathogenicity of Botrytis cinerea

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Molecular Plant 2024年第7期17卷 1073-1089页

作者： Francisco j.Escaray Amelia Felipo-Benavent Cristian j.Antonelli Begona Balaguer Maria Pilar Lopez-Gresa Pablo Vera Instituto de Biologia Molecular y Celular de Plantas Universidad Politecnica de Valencia-C.S.l.CCiudad Politecnica de la InnovacionEdificio 8Eacceso GIngeniero Fausto Elios/n46022ValenciaSpain

The gray mold fungus Botrytis cinerea is a necrotrophic pathogen that causes diseases in hundreds of plant species,including high-value *** polyxenous nature and pathogenic success are due to its ability to perceive host signals in its *** this study,we found that laticifer cells of Euphorbia lathyris are a source of susceptibility factors required by *** to cause ***,poor-in-latex(pil)mutants,which lack laticifer cells,show full resistance to this pathogen,whereas lot-of-latex mutants,which produce more laticifer cells,are *** S factors are triterpenoid saponins,which are widely distributed natural products of vast structural *** downregulation of laticifer-specific oxydosqualene cyclase genes,which encode the first committed step enzymes for triterpene and,therefore,saponin biosynthesis,conferred disease resistance to ***,the Medicago truncatula Iha-1 mutant,compromised in triterpenoid saponin biosynthesis,showed enhanced ***,the application of different purified triterpenoid saponins pharmacologically complemented the diseaseresistant phenotype ofpil and hla-1 mutants and enhanced disease susceptibility in different plant *** found that triterpenoid saponins function as plant cues that signal transcriptional reprogramming in ***,leading to a change in its growth habit and infection strategy,culminating in the abundant formation of infection cushions,the multicellular appressoria apparatus dedicated to plant penetration and biomass destruction in *** together,these results provide an explanation for how plant triterpenoid saponins function as disease susceptibility factors to promote *** pathogenicity.

关键词： Euphorbia lathyris laticifer cell latex appressorium infection cushion necrotrophic fungi

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One-neutron stripping process in the^(209)Bi(^(6)Li,^(5)Li)^(210)Bi*reaction reaction

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nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第6期35卷 120-129页

作者： Gao-Long Zhang Zhen-Wei jiao Guang-Xin Zhang E.n.Cardozo B.Paes Shi-Peng Hu jian-Qiang Qian Daniele Mengoni Wei-Wei Qu Cong-Bo Li Yun Zheng Huan-Qiao Zhang Hui-Bin Sun nan Wang Chun-Lei Zhang j.j.Valiente-Dobón D.Testov M.Mazzocco A.Gozzelino C.Parascandolo D.Pierroutsakou M.La Commara A.Goasduff D.Bazzacco D.R.napoli F.Galtarossa F.Recchia A.Illana S.Bakes I.Zanon S.Aydin Gde Angelis M.Siciliano R.Menegazzo S.M.Lenzi S.Akkoyun L.F.Canto j.Lubian School of Physics Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Sino-French Institute of nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Instituto de Física Universidade Federal Fluminense24210-340 NiteróiRio de JaneiroBrazil Laboratorio TAnDAR Comisión Nacional de Energía AtómicaBKNA1650 San MartíınArgentina Institute for Advanced Study in nuclear Energy and Safety Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Research and Manufacture of High Purity Germanium Materials and Fetectors Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China InFn Sezione di PadovaPaduaItaly Dipartimento di fisica Astronomia dell’Universita di padova PaduaItaly State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection School of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413China The Key Laboratory of Beam Technology and Material Modification of Ministry of Education College of Nuclear Science and TechnologyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Laboratori nazionali di Legnaro INFN35020 LegnaroItaly InFn Sezione di Napoli80126 NaplesItaly Dipartimento di Farmacia Universitàdi Napoli“Federico II”80131 NaplesItaly Department of natural and Mathematical Sciences Faculty of EngineeringTarsus University33480 MersinTurkey Physics Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontILUSA Department of Physics Sivas Cumhuriyet UniversitySivasTurkey Instituto de Física Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro CP 6852821941-972Brazil

One-neutron stripping process between^(6)Li and^(209)Bi was studied at 28,30,and 34 MeV using the in-beamγ-ray spectroscopy ***γ-γcoincident analysis clearly identified twoγ-rays feeding the ground and long-lived isomeric states,which were employed to determine the cross *** one-neutron stripping cross sections were similar to the cross sections of complete fusion in the^(6)Li+^(209)Bi system,but the one-neutron stripping cross sections decreased more gradually at the sub-barrier region.A coupled-reaction-channel calculation was performed to study the detailed reaction mechanism of the one-neutron stripping process in^(6)*** calculations indicated that the first excited state of 5 Li is critical in the actual one-neutron transfer mechanism,and the valence proton of 209Bi can be excited to the low-lying excited state in(^(6)Li,^(5)Li)reaction,unlike in the(d,p)reaction.

关键词： Transfer reaction Weakly bound nuclei Cross section

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Methionine sources and genotype affect embryonic intestinal development,antioxidants,tight j.n.tions,and growth-related gene expression in chickens

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Animal nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 218-230页

作者： james K.Lugata Sawadi F.ndunguru Gebrehaweria K.Reda Xénia E.Ozsváth Eszter Angyal Levente Czeglédi Gabriella Gulyás Renáta Knop j.n.s Oláh Zoltán Mészár Rita Varga Brigitta Csernus Csaba Szabó Department of Animal nutrition and Physiology Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences and Environmental ManagementUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary Department of Animal Husbandry Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences and Environmental ManagementUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences and Environmental Management Doctoral School of Animal ScienceUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary Institutes for Agricultural Research and Educational Farm University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary Department of Evolutionary Zoology and Human Biology Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary

Methionine(Met)is an essential and first limiting amino acid in the poultry diet that plays a significant role in chicken embryonic development and *** present study examined the effect of in ovo injection of DL-Met and L-Met sources and genotypes on chicken embryonic-intestinal development and *** eggs of the two genotypes,TETRA-SL layer hybrid(TSL)—commercial layer hybrid and Hungarian Partridge colored hen breed(HPC)—a native genotype,were randomly distributed into four treatments for each *** treatment groups include the following:1)control non-injected eggs(noIn);2)saline-injected(SaIn);3)DL-Met injected(DLM);and 4)L-Met injected(LM).The in ovo injection was carried out on 17.5 d of embryonic development;after hatching,eight chicks per group were sacrificed,and the jej.n.m was extracted for *** results showed that both DLM and LM groups had enhanced intestinal development as evidenced by increased villus width,villus height,and villus area(Pnificantly reduced crypt depth,glutathione(GSH)content,glutathione S-transferase 3 alpha(GST3),occludin(OCLn)gene expression and increased villus height to crypt depth ratio in the TSL genotype than the LM group(Pnotype has overexpressed insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF1)gene,tricellulin(MD2),occludin(OCLn),superoxide dismutase 1(SOD1),and GST3 genes than the TSL genotype(Pn conclusion,these findings showed that in ovo injection of Met enhanced intestinal development,and function,with genotypes responding differently under normal *** also influenced the expression of intestinal antioxidants,tight j.n.tion,and growth-related genes.

关键词： DL-Methionine L-Methionine In ovo injection Intestinal development Poultry

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American tegumentary leishmaniasis mimicking myiasis and granulomatous vasculitis:A case report

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Asian Pacific journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第10期17卷 473-476,I0001,I0002页

作者： Victoria j Arrieta Gastón Morea Leticia M Tennerini María VSanchez Esteban S Lozano Diego E Cargnelutti Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo(IMBECU) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET)Universidad Nacional de Cuyo(UNCuyo)MendozaArgentina Hospital Luis C.Lagomaggiore MendozaArgentina Facultad de Ciencias Médicas(FCM) Universidad Nacional de Cuyo(UNCuyo)MendozaArgentina

Rationale:American tegumentary leishmaniasis comprises cutaneous and mucocutaneous manifestations caused by parasitic infections by various Leishmania *** report details the clinical interventions for a patient with American tegumentary leishmaniasis in Mendoza,Argentina,a non-endemic *** concerns:A 43-year-old male was admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Mendoza,Argentina Republic with a history of progressive nasal discharge,septal perforation,facial pain,and *** treatment for presumed nasal myiasis and vasculitis with granulomatosis,symptoms ***:American tegumentary ***:Intravenous liposomal amphotericin ***:Follow-up at 30 days showed no recurrence of symptoms with a remarkable clinical improvement of the nasal ***:This case sheds light on the necessity of accurate identification for timely intervention and the need to recognize the diverse manifestations of American tegumentary leishmaniasis to avoid misdiagnosis.

关键词： Leishmania American tegumentary leishmaniasis Diagnosis methods Myasis Vasculitis and granulomatosis Case report

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The Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)on the SMILE Mission

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 5-14页

作者： S.Sembay A.L.Alme D.Agnolon T.Arnold A.Beardmore A.Belén Balado Margeli C.Bicknell C.Bouldin G.Branduardi-Raymont T.Crawford j.P.Breuer T.Buggey G.Butcher R.Canchal j.A.Carter A.Cheney Y.Collado-Vega H.Connor T.Crawford n.Eaton C.Feldman C.Forsyth T.Frantzen G.Galgóczi j.Garcia G.Y.Genov C.Gordillo H-P.Gröbelbauer M.Guedel Y.Guo M.Hailey D.Hall R.Hampson j.Hasiba O.Hetherington A.Holland S-Y.Hsieh M.W.j.Hubbard H.jeszenszky M.j.n.s T.Kennedy K.Koch-Mehrin S.Kögl S.Krucker K.D.Kuntz C.Lakin G.Laky O.Lylund A.Martindale j.Miguel Mas Hesse R.nakamura K.Oksavik n.Østgaard H.Ottacher R.Ottensamer C.Pagani S.Parsons P.Patel j.Pearson G.Peikert F.S.Porter T.Pouliantis B.H.Qureshi W.Raab G.Randal A.M.Read n.M.M.Roque M.E.Rostad C.Runciman S.Sachdev A.Samsonov M.Soman D.Sibeck S.Smit j.Søndergaard R.Speight S.Stavland M.Steller TianRan Sun j.Thornhill W.Thomas K.Ullaland B.Walsh D.Walton C.Wang S.Yang School of Physics and Astronomy University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHUK Space Park Leicester University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHUK Mullard Space Science Laboratory University College LondonDorkingRH56NTUK Centre for Electronic Imaging Open UniversityMilton KeynesMK76 AAUK Birkeland Centre for Space Science Department of Physics and TechnologyUniv.of BergenN-5007 BergenNorway University of Vienna A-1010 ViennaAustria Space Research Institute Austrian Academy of SciencesA-8042 GrazAustria national Institute of Aerospace Technology MadridSpain ESTEC European Space Agency2201 AZ NoordwijkNetherlands State Key Laboratory of Space Weather National Space Science CentreBeijing 100190China University of Applied Sciences and Arts northwestern Switzerland CH-5210 WindischSwitzerland Koegl Space GmbH CH-8157 DielsdorfSwitzerland Space Acoustics GmbH CH-8157 DielsdorfSwitzerland Zurich University of Applied Sciences 8400 WinterhurSwitzerland Genov Solutions N-5172 LoddefjordNorway STM Engineering N-5165 LaksevagNorway john Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory MD 20723USA nASA/Goddard Space Flight Centre MD 20771USA Center for Space Physics Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics Masaryk University60177 BrnoCzech Republic Institute of Physics E¨otvo¨s Lor´and University1053 BudapestHungary Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100045China Centro de Astrobiologia(CAB) CSIC-INTAMadridSpain

The Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)is part of the scientific payload of the Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)*** is a joint science mission between the European Space Agency(ESA)and the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)and is due for launch in *** is a compact X-ray telescope with a wide field-of-view(FOV)capable of encompassing large portions of Earth’s magnetosphere from the vantage point of the SMILE *** is sensitive to the soft X-rays produced by the Solar Wind Charge eXchange(SWCX)process produced when heavy ions of solar wind origin interact with neutral particles in Earth’s *** provides a mechanism for boundary detection within the magnetosphere,such as the position of Earth’s magnetopause,because the solar wind heavy ions have a very low density in regions of closed magnetic field *** sensitivity of the SXI is such that it can potentially track movements of the magnetopause on timescales of a few minutes and the orbit of SMILE will enable such movements to be tracked for segments lasting many *** is led by the University of Leicester in the United Kingdom(UK)with collaborating organisations on hardware,software and science support within the UK,Europe,China and the United States.

关键词： Soft X-ray Imaging micropore optics large area CCD

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Stability Analysis and Performance Evaluation of Additive Mixed-Precision Runge-Kutta Methods

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2024年第1期6卷 705-738页

作者： Ben Burnett Sigal Gottlieb Zachary j.Grant Center for Scientific Computing and Data Science Research UMass DartmouthNorth DartmouthMassachusettsUSA CSME Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA

Additive Runge-Kutta methods designed for preserving highly accurate solutions in mixed-precision computation were previously proposed and *** specially designed methods use reduced precision for the implicit computations and full precision for the explicit *** this work,we analyze the stability properties of these methods and their sensitivity to the low-precision rounding errors,and demonstrate their performance in terms of accuracy and *** develop codes in FORTRAn and julia to solve nonlinear systems of ODEs and PDEs using the mixed-precision additive Runge-Kutta(MP-ARK)*** convergence,accuracy,and runtime of these methods are *** show that for a given level of accuracy,suitably chosen MP-ARK methods may provide significant reductions in runtime.

关键词： Mixed precision Runge-Kutta methods Additive methods Accuracy

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A REDUCED ORDER SCHWARZ METHOD FOR nOnLInEAR MULTISCALE ELLIPTIC EQUATIOnS BASED On TWO-LAYER nEURAL nETWORKS

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journal of Computational Mathematics 2024年第2期42卷 570-596页

作者： Shi Chen Zhiyan Ding Qin Li Stephen j.Wright Mathematics Department University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA Department of Mathematics University of California-BerkeleyBerkeley CA 94720USA Mathematics Department and Discovery Institute University of Wisconsin-Madison MadisonWI 53706USA Computer Sciences Department University of WisconsinMadisonWI 53706USA

neural networks are powerful tools for approximating high dimensional data that have been used in many contexts,including solution of partial differential equations(PDEs).We describe a solver for multiscale fully nonlinear elliptic equations that makes use of domain decomposition,an accelerated Schwarz framework,and two-layer neural networks to approximate the boundary-to-boundarymap for the subdomains,which is the key step in the Schwarz ***,the boundary-to-boundary map requires solution of boundary-value elliptic problems on each *** leveraging the compressibility of multiscale problems,our approach trains the neural network offline to serve as a surrogate for the usual implementation of the boundary-to-boundary *** method is applied to a multiscale semilinear elliptic equation and a multiscale p-Laplace *** both cases we demonstrate significant improvement in efficiency as well as good accuracy and generalization performance.

关键词： nonlinear homogenization Multiscale elliptic problem neural networks Do-main decomposition

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