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Increasing women’s access to skilled pregnancy care to reduce maternal and perinatal mortality in rural Edo State,Nigeria:a randomized controlled trial

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Global Health Research and Policy 2018年第1期3卷 292-301页

作者： Sanni Yaya friday okonofua Lorretta Ntoimo Bernard Kadio Rodrigue Deuboue Wilson Imongan Wapada Balami School of International Development and Global Studies University of OttawaOttawaCanada Women’s Health and Action Research Centre Benin CityNigeria Federal University Oye-Ekiti Oye-EkitiEkiti StateNigeria Hospital Service Department Federal Ministry of HealthAbujaNigeria

Background:Nigeria presently has the second highest absolute number of maternal deaths and perinatal deaths(stillbirth and neonatal deaths)in the *** country accounts for up to 14%of global maternal deaths and is second only to India in the number of women who die during *** all parts of the country are worsened by these staggering statistics,several lines of evidence show that most maternal,and perinatal deaths occur in the north-east and north-west geo-political zones where women have limited access to evidence-based maternal and neonatal health *** proposed project intends to identify the demand and supply factors that prevent women from using PHCs for maternal and early new-born care in Nigeria,and to test innovative and community relevant interventions for improving women’s access to PHC services,and thus,ultimately,to prevent maternal and perinatal ***:An open-labelled,randomized controlled trial will is carried out in two local government areas selected based on three criteria(i)maternal mortality rates(ii)PHC utilization rates and(iii)and geographic *** study will be conducted over 54-months in six communities,with PHCs in six communities of similar status serving as control *** about quality of care and maternal health services utilization will be carried out at baseline,at midterm and at end of the project to test the effectiveness of the intervention,alongside conventional epidemiological measures of maternal and perinatal *** approval for the study has been granted(reference ***/01/01/2007).The findings will be published in compliance with reporting guidelines for randomized controlled ***:The current Federal Government in Nigeria has identified PHC as its main strategy for increasing access to health in ***,despite numerous efforts,there are persisting concerns that there is currently no scientific evidence on which to base the improvement of PH

关键词： Maternal health Newborn health Health policy Global health Randomized Controlled Trial Nigeria Maternal and perinatal mortality

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Prevalence of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Nigerian Women with Infertility: A Prospective Study of the Three Assessment Criteria

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2018年第12期8卷 1109-1120页

作者： Chinyere Blessing Akpata Patrick Ojeifo Uadia friday Ebhodaghe okonofua Chemical Pathology Department University of Benin Teaching Hospital Benin Nigeria Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Life Sciences University of Benin Benin Nigeria Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Benin Teaching Hospital Benin Nigeria

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a frequent diagnosis in oligomenorrheic and infertile Nigerian women. However, to date there is a paucity of data on the prevalence of PCOS in Nigerian women. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of PCOS in a cross-section of women attending Infertility Clinics in Benin City, Nigeria using the three assessment criteria namely: the 1990 National Institutes of Health (NIH), the 2003 Rotterdam and 2006 Androgen Excess Society (AES) criteria. Method: Four hundred and twenty-one consecutive infertile premenopausal women aged 18 - 45 years were recruited and evaluated with a proforma that elicited information about their maternal and reproductive health history. Blood samples were analyzed for hormone levels using standard immunoassay procedures, while trans-vaginal ultrasound scan was carried out to determine the presence of ultrasonic features of PCOS. The control group comprised of eumenorrheics (n = 180). Results: An estimated prevalence of biochemical hyperandrogenism (BHA) was as high as 20.9% (88 women), while 3.6% (15 women) presented with clinical hyperandrogenism (CHA). Also the prevalence of polycystic ovaries (PCO) was 13.8%. The prevalence of PCOS based on NIH, Rotterdam and AES criteria was 16.9% (71 women), 27.6% (116 women) and 20.7% (87 women) respectively. However, women with PCOS were significantly younger and had higher total testosterone levels (p = 0.001) when compared to controls. Conclusion: The prevalence of PCOS is as high in the population under study as in other prevalence studies. The hormonal investigations were clinically useful in assessing the prevalence rates. However, the recruitment criteria, together with the regional and racial factors may have contributed to the estimates obtained, and the high incidence of biochemical hyperandrogenism in this region.

关键词： Infertility Nigerian Women Oligomenorrhea Polycystic Ovarian Disease

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A case-control study of risk factors for male infertility in Nigeria

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2005年第4期7卷 351-361,页

作者： friday okonofua Uche Menakaya S.O.Onemu L.O.Omo-Aghoja Staffan Bergstrom Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Benin Teaching HospitalBenin City 30001Nigeria Women's Health and Action Research CenterBenin City 30001Nigeria Department of Public Health SciencesDivision of lnternational Health (IHCAR)Karolinska InstituteStockholm 08Sweden Department of Anatomy University of BeninBenin City 30001Nigeria Women's Health and Action Research CenterBenin City 30001Nigeria Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Benin Teaching HospitalBenin City 30001Nigeria Women's Health and Action Research CenterBenin City 30001Nigeria Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Benin Teaching HospitalBenin City 30001Nigeria Department of Public Health Sciences Division of International Health (IHCAR)Karolinska InstituteStockholm 08Sweden

Aim： To evaluate the association between selected potential socio-demographic and behavioral risk factors and infertility in Nigerian men. Methods： There were two groups in this study. One group consisted of 150 men with proven male infertility, and the other consisted of 150 fertile men with normal semen parameters. Both were matched for age, place of residence and key socio-demographic variables. They were compared for sexual history, past medical and surgical history, past exposures to sexually transmitted infections and treatment, past and current use of drugs as well as smoking and alcohol intake history. Results： Infertile men were significantly more likely than fertile men to report having experienced penile discharge, painful micturition and genital ulcers, less likely to seek treatment for these symptoms and more likely to seek treatment with informal sector providers. Multivariate analysis showed that male infertility was significantly associated with bacteria in semen cultures, self-reporting of previous use of traditional medications and moderate to heavy alcohol intake, but not with smoking and occupational types. Conclusion： Infertility is associated with various proxies of sexually transmitted infections （STIs） and poor healthcare-seeking behavior for STIs in Nigerian men.

关键词： male infertility Nigeria semen analysis genital infection smoking alcohol risk factor

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Insulin Resistance and Its Associated Risk Factors in Nigerian Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2019年第3期9卷 382-394页

作者： Chinyere B. N. Akpata Patrick O. Uadia friday E. okonofua Department of Biochemistry University of Benin Benin City Nigeria Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Medical Sciences Ondo Ondo State Nigeria

Background: The etiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is not completely understood;however one condition that correlates closely with the pathogenesis of PCOS is insulin resistance (IR). The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of insulin resistance (IR) and the association of such abnormality with potential risk factors in women with PCOS. Method: 116 women with confirmed PCOS attending a reproductive clinic at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital in Benin City were studied. IR was determined by homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) ≥ 2 and pre-diabetes by fasting plasma glucose between 110 and 125 mg/dl and/or plasma glucose value between 140 and 200 mg/dl at 2 hours during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) after ingestion of 75 g oral glucose load. Results: Forty-two women were insulin resistant among the 116 women with PCOS. The prevalence of IR was 36.2% (95% CI 26.6 - 46.2). The prevalence of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) showed 1.7% (95% CI 0.97 - 2.03), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) was 2.6% (95% CI 1.97 - 3.03) and diabetes mellitus (DM) was 1.7% (95% CI 0.97 - 2.03) in the 116 PCOS women. Of these 42 insulin resistant PCOS women, 23.8% (n = 10) were obese and 40.5% (n = 17) were overweight. Multivariate analysis revealed that total cholesterol (OR, 1.07;95% CI, 1.04 - 1.10), triglycerides (OR, 1.08;95% CI, 1.04 - 1.13) and LDL-cholesterol (OR, 1.08;95% CI, 1.04 - 1.12) were statistically significant independent risk factors for IR. Conclusion: The prevalence of IR was high in women with PCOS, and there was a significant association between IR, obesity, and dyslipidemia. However, the prevalence rates of impaired glucose tolerance and DM were low in women with PCOS compared to other studies. Since women with PCOS are at risk of IR and dyslipidemia, early screening, detection, intervention, and lifestyle modification would ameliorate the financial burden of DM and cardiovascular disease (CVD).

关键词： Impaired Glucose Tolerance Insulin Resistance Nigerian Women Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Risk Factors

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Modelling height-diameter relationships in complex tropical rain forest ecosystems using deep learning algorithm

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第3期33卷 883-898页

作者： friday Nwabueze Ogana Ilker Ercanli Department of Social and Environmental Forestry Faculty of Renewable Natural ResourcesUniversity of IbadanIbadanOyo200284Nigeria Department of Forest Engineering Faculty of ForestryÇankiri Karatekin UniversityÇankiri18200Turkey

Modelling tree height-diameter relationships in complex tropical rain forest ecosystems remains a challenge because of characteristics of multi-species, multi-layers, and indeterminate age composition. Effective modelling of such complex systems required innovative techniques to improve prediction of tree heights for use for aboveground biomass estimations. Therefore, in this study, deep learning algorithm (DLA) models based on artificial intelligence were trained for predicting tree heights in a tropical rain forest of Nigeria. The data consisted of 1736 individual trees representing 116 species, and measured from 52 0.25 ha sample plots. A K-means clustering was used to classify the species into three groups based on height-diameter ratios. The DLA models were trained for each species-group in which diameter at beast height, quadratic mean diameter and number of trees per ha were used as input variables. Predictions by the DLA models were compared with those developed by nonlinear least squares (NLS) and nonlinear mixed-effects (NLME) using different evaluation statistics and equivalence test. In addition, the predicted heights by the models were used to estimate aboveground biomass. The results showed that the DLA models with 100 neurons in 6 hidden layers, 100 neurons in 9 hidden layers and 100 neurons in 7 hidden layers for groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively, outperformed the NLS and NLME models. The root mean square error for the DLA models ranged from 1.939 to 3.887 m. The results also showed that using height predicted by the DLA models for aboveground biomass estimation brought about more than 30% reduction in error relative to NLS and NLME. Consequently, minimal errors were created in aboveground biomass estimation compared to those of the classical methods.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Height-diameter model Mixed-effects Nonlinear least squares Tropical mixed forest

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Modelling joint distribution of tree diameter and height using Frank and Plackett copulas

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第5期31卷 1681-1690页

作者： friday Nwabueze Ogana Jose Javier Gorgoso-Varela Johnson Sunday Ajose Osho Department of Social and Environmental Forestry University of IbadanIbadanNigeria Department of Innovation Fora Forest TechnologiesLugoSpain

Bivariate distribution models are veritable tools for improving forest stand volume *** accuracy depends on the method of ***-date,most bivariate distributions in forestry have been constructed either with normal or Plackett *** this study,the accuracy of the Frank copula for constructing bivariate distributions was *** effectiveness of Frank and Plackett copulas were evaluated on seven distribution models using data from temperate and tropical *** bivariate distributions include:Burr III,Burr XII,Logit-Logistic,Log-Logistic,generalized Weibull,Weibull and *** likelihood was used to fit the models to the joint distribution of diameter and height data of Pinus pinaster(184 plots),Pinus radiata(96 plots),Eucalyptus camaldulensis(85 plots)and Gmelina arborea(60 plots).Models were evaluated based on negative log-likelihood(-ΛΛ).The result show that Frank-based models were more suitable in describing the joint distribution of diameter and height than most of their Plackett-based *** bivariate Burr III distributions had the overall best *** Frank copula is therefore recommended for the construction of more useful bivariate distributions in forestry.

关键词： Bivariate distributions Frank copula Plackett copula Diameter Height

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Spatial-temporal characteristics and influencing factors of relative humidity in arid region of Northwest China during 1966–2017

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Journal of Arid Land 2020年第3期12卷 397-412页

作者： CHEN Ditao LIU Wenjiang HUANG Farong LI Qian friday UCHENNAOCHEGE LI Lanhai State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Ili Station for Watershed Ecosystem Research Chinese Academy of SciencesXinyuan 835800China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China CAS Research Center for Ecology and Environment in Central Asia Urumqi 830011China Department of Geography and Environmental Management University of Port HarcourtPort Harcount 500102Nigeria Xinjiang Regional Center of Resources and Environmental Science Instrument Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Utilization in Arid Zone Urumqi 830011China

Playing an important role in global warming and plant growth,relative humidity(RH)has profound impacts on production and living,and can be used as an integrated indicator for evaluating the wet-dry conditions in the arid and semi-arid ***,information on the spatial-temporal variation and the influencing factors of RH in these regions is still *** study attempted to use daily meteorological data during 1966–2017 to reveal the spatial-temporal characteristics of RH in the arid region of Northwest China through rotated empirical orthogonal function and statistical analysis method,and the path analysis was used to clarify the impact of temperature(T),precipitation(P),actual evapotranspiration(ETa),wind speed(W)and sunshine duration(S)on *** results demonstrated that climatic conditions in North Xinjiang(NXJ)was more humid than those in Hexi Corridor(HXC)and South Xinjiang(SXJ).RH had a less significant downtrend in NXJ than that in HXC,but an increasingly rising trend was observed in SXJ during the last five decades,implying that HXC and NXJ were under the process of droughts,while SXJ was getting *** was a turning point for the trend of RH in Xinjiang,which occurred in *** analysis indicated that RH was negatively correlated to T,ETa,W and S,but it increased with increase of P.S,T and W had the greatest direct effects on RH in HXC,NXJ and SXJ,*** was the factor which had the greatest indirect effect on RH in HXC and NXJ,while T was the dominant factor in SXJ.

关键词： relative humidity spatial-temporal characteristics path analysis influencing factor arid region

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Teaching Indigenous Knowledge System to Revitalize and Maintain Vulnerable Aspects of Indigenous Nigerian Languages’ Vocabulary:The Igbo Language Example

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Language and Semiotic Studies 2020年第2期6卷 93-121页

作者： friday Ude Ogbonna Anyanwu Eunice Osuagwu the Department of Linguistics and Nigerian Languages University of UyoNigeria the Department of Linguistics and Communication Studies University of Port HarcourtNigeria

The Igbo language curriculum for pupils and students at the primary and secondary levels shows no provision for the teaching of any aspects of Igbo indigenous knowledge systems and this is resulting in the attrition and atrophy of vocabulary items associated with such knowledge systems,especially in the speech of primary and secondary students in urban and semi-urban areas of Igbo speech communities where the practices of the knowledge systems are quite *** paper examines the benefits derivable from integrating indigenous Igbo knowledge systems into the Igbo language curriculum(through comprehension passages,practical discussions,excursions,audio-visual materials,dramatization,etc.)for both the senior primary pupils and the secondary school students of Igbo origin in south-eastern *** data presented in the study were collected through interviews from selected *** study notes that integrating indigenous Igbo knowledge systems into the Igbo language curriculum of both pupils and students will afford pupils/students the opportunities to:(i)learn the indigenous Igbo knowledge systems and positive attitudes/values embedded in them(ii)learn through the Igbo culture(iii)learn across generations(iv)learn from the‘known’in the Igbo culture to the‘unknown’(v)learn outside the *** paper further highlights sample vocabulary items associated with some indigenous Igbo knowledge systems which students/pupils can learn and familiarize themselves with in contextual *** paper concludes that learning through the teaching of the indigenous Igbo knowledge systems will enhance the revitalization,preservation and maintenance of the Igbo language and culture and also encourage intergenerational transfer of the language.

关键词： indigenous atrophy attrition endangerment extinction

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Hate speech detection in Twitter using hybrid embeddings and improved cuckoo search-based neural networks

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International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics 2020年第4期13卷 485-525页

作者： Femi Emmanuel Ayo Olusegun Folorunso friday Thomas Ibharalu Idowu Ademola Osinuga Computer Science College of Natural and Applied SciencesMcPherson UniversitySeriki SotayoNigeria Computer Science College of Natural SciencesFederal University of Agriculture AbeokutaAbeokutaNigeria Computer Science Federal University of Agriculture AbeokutaAbeokutaNigeria Mathematics Federal University of Agriculture AbeokutaAbeokutaNigeria

Purpose-Hate speech is an expression of intense *** has become a popular analytical tool for the prediction and monitoring of abusive *** speech detection with social media data has witnessed special research attention in recent studies,hence,the need to design a generic metadata architecture and efficient feature extraction technique to enhance hate speech ***/methodology/approach-This study proposes a hybrid embeddings enhanced with a topic inference method and an improved cuckoo search neural network for hate speech detection in Twitter *** proposed method uses a hybrid embeddings technique that includes Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency(TF-IDF)for word-level feature extraction and Long Short Term Memory(LSTM)which is a variant of recurrent neural networks architecture for sentence-level feature *** extracted features from the hybrid embeddings then serve as input into the improved cuckoo search neural network for the prediction of a tweet as hate speech,offensive language or ***-The proposed method showed better results when tested on the collected Twitter datasets compared to other related *** order to validate the performances of the proposed method,t-test and post hoc multiple comparisons were used to compare the significance and means of the proposed method with other related methods for hate speech ***,Paired Sample t-Test was also conducted to validate the performances of the proposed method with other related *** limitations/implications-Finally,the evaluation results showed that the proposed method outperforms other related methods with mean F1-score of ***/value-The main novelty of this study is the use of an automatic topic spotting measure based on na€ıve Bayes model to improve features representation.

关键词： Twitter Hate speech detection Embeddings Cuckoo search Neural networks

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Human intestinal parasitism,potable water availability and methods of sewage disposal among nomadic Fulanis in Kuraje rural settlement of Zamfara state

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第6期3卷 491-493页

作者： Godwin T Jombo James G Damen Hauwa Safiyanu friday Odey Emmanuel M Mbaawuaga Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology College of Health SciencesBenue State UniversityPMB 102119 MakurdiNigeria Department of Medical Laboratory Science Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of JosNigeria School of Medical Laboratory Science Jos University Teaching Hospital JosNigeria Department of Paediatrics College of Medical SciencesUniversity of Calabar PMB 1115 CalabarNigeria Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of ScienceBenue State University MakurdiNigeria

Objective:To ascertain the level of intestinal parasites vis-a-vis the quality of housing and water supply,and sanitary conditions among the people of Kuraje village in Zamfara state. Methods:The study was cross sectional in *** households were selected using systematic random sampling methods and pre-tested questionnaires were administered to all the members of each *** samples were collected and processed using standard laboratory *** conditions,sources of water and sanitary conditions of the households were also *** were analysed using Epi Info 2006 ***: The prevalence of intestinal parasites was 67.0%(347/519).72.3%(251/347),17.0%(59/347),and 10.7%(37/347) had one,two and three or more parasites,*** associated factors with intestinal parasites were poor housing and sanitary conditions,lack of potable water and *** commonest parasites encountered were hookworm(22.0%),Ascaris lumbricoides (18.5%),and Strongyloides stercoralis(15.6%) while the least common was Enterobius vermicularis (1.6%).Others were Giardia lamblia(5.7%),Hymenolepsis nana(5.0%),Trichuris trichiura(8.8%), Entamoeba histolytica(14.4%) and Schistosoma mansoni(8.4%).Conclusions:The infection rate of intestinal parasites in Kuraje village is *** efforts should be intensified towards improvement in sanitary and housing standards,supply of potable water and institution of a more comprehensive literacy programme for the people of the community.

关键词： Intestinal parasites Housing Potable water Sewage disposal Rural community

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