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Direct detection and identification of active pharmaceutical ingredients in intact tablets by helium plasma ionization(HePI) mass spectrometry

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2014年第3期4卷 166-172页

作者： Athula b.Attygalle freneil b.jariwala Julius Pavlov Zhihua Yang Jason A.Mahr Mabel Oviedo Center for Mass Spectrometry Department of ChemistryChemical Biologyand Biomedical EngineeringStevens Institute of Technology Montville Township High School North bergen High School

A simple modification converts an electrospray ion source to an ambient-pressure helium plasma ionization source without the need of additional expensive hardware. Peaks for active ingredients were observed in the spectra recorded from intact pharmaceutical tablets placed in this source. A flow of heated nitrogen was used to thermally desorb analytes to gas phase. The desorption temperatures were sometimes as low as 50 ℃. For example, negative-ion spectra recorded from an aspirin tablet showed peaks at m/z 137 （salicylate anion） and 179 （acetylsalicylate anion） which were absent in the background spectra. The overall ion intensity increased as the desorption gas temperature was elevated. Within the same acquisition experiment, both positive- and negative-ion signals for acetaminophen were recorded from volatiles emanating from Tylenol tablets by switching the polarity of the capillary back and forth. Moreover, different preparations of acetaminophen tablets could be distinguished by their ion-intensity thermograms.

关键词： Helium plasma ionization Pharmaceutical tablets HePI DART DESI

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Analysis of Pollutant Load Carrying Capacity of the River Tapi Using QUAL2Kw for Surat City

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2023年第2期14卷 96-107页

作者： Hiralkumari b. Patel Namrata D. jariwala Department of Civil Engineering Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology Surat India

River Tapi is the prime water body for Surat city, Gujarat, India. On a long stretch of 22.39 km in Surat city (Kamrej to Causeway) of the Tapi river, there are many identified and non-identified discharge points available. Excessive discharge from these points restricts the efficiency of the self-purification process which ultimately degrades the river water quality. In this paper, an attempt has been made to estimate the pollutant load-carrying capacity at different segments of the river Tapi using the QUAL2Kw tool. The study has been undertaken with different scenarios: First, the QUAL2Kw model was trained with available river water quality and hydraulic data of the Tapi river in which the complete river segment was divided into 21 reaches. The model was calibrated and validated with the actual concentrations of the pollutants entering. In the second phase, all the point source, non-point source, and headwater characteristics were considered and the pollutant load-carrying capacity of the river in terms of bOD, ISS, and N-nitrate was found. In the third phase, all the sources of pollutants entering the river have been removed and only headwater characteristics were considered for the study. The results indicate that reach no. 21 (21.23ºN, 72.82ºE) has the maximum load-carrying capacity of biochemical Oxygen Demand (bOD) up to 2057.7 kg/day, Inorganic Suspended Solids (ISS) up to 85633.8 kg/day, and Nitrate (NOb>3b>) up to 31688.8 kg/day. However, reach no. 4 has the minimum load carrying capacity of bOD up to 1088.1 kg/day, reach 8 carries a minimum of ISS 205341.6 kg/day and NO3 10215.57 kg/day.

关键词： Load Carrying Capacity River Water Quality QUAL2Kw Tapi River

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Dynamics of self-hybridized exciton–polaritons in 2D halide perovskites

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 13-22页

作者： Surendra b.Anantharaman Jason Lynch Christopher E.Stevens Christopher Munley Chentao Li Jin Hou Hao Zhang Andrew Torma Thomas Darlington Francis Coen Kevin Li Arka Majumdar PJames Schuck Aditya Mohite Hayk Harutyunyan Joshua R.Hendrickson Deep jariwala Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA KbR Inc. BeavercreekOH45431USA Air Force Research Laboratory Sensors DirectorateWright-Patterson Air Force BaseOH45433USA Department of Physics University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA Department of Physics Emory UniversityAtlantaGA30322USA Department of Chemical and biomolecular Engineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Applied Physics Program Smalley‐Curl InstituteRice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY10027USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA

Excitons,bound electron–hole pairs,in two-dimensional hybrid organic inorganic perovskites(2D HOIPs)are capable of forming hybrid light-matter states known as exciton-polaritons(E–Ps)when the excitonic medium is confined in an optical *** the case of 2D HOIPs,they can self-hybridize into E–Ps at specific thicknesses of the HOIP crystals that form a resonant optical cavity with the ***,the fundamental properties of these self-hybridized E–Ps in 2D HOIPs,including their role in ultrafast energy and/or charge transfer at interfaces,remain ***,we demonstrate that>0.5µm thick 2D HOIP crystals on Au substrates are capable of supporting multiple-orders of self-hybridized E–P *** E–Ps have high Q factors(>100)and modulate the optical dispersion for the crystal to enhance sub-gap absorption and *** varying excitation energy and ultrafast measurements,we also confirm energy transfer from higher energy E–Ps to lower energy E–***,we also demonstrate that E–Ps are capable of charge transport and transfer at *** findings provide new insights into charge and energy transfer in E–Ps opening new opportunities towards their manipulation for polaritonic devices.

关键词： charge polar excitation

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