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Automatic tracing and Segmentation of Rat Mammary Fat Pads in MRI Image Sequences Based on Cartoon-texture Model

transactions of tianjin University 2009年第3期15卷 229-235页

作者：涂圣贤张素陈亚珠 freedman matthew t WANG Bin XUAN Jason WANG Yue Department of Biomedical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China Department of Oncology Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center Georgetown University Washington DC 20057 USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Arlington VA 22203 USA

the growth patterns of mammary fat pads and glandular tissues inside the fat pads may be related with the risk factors of breast *** measurements of this relationship are available after segmentation of mammary pads and glandular *** fat pads may lose continuity along image sequences or adjoin similar intensity areas like epidermis and subcutaneous regions.A new approach for automatic tracing and segmentation of fat pads in magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) image sequences is presented,which does not require that the number of pads be constant or the spatial location of pads be adjacent among image ***,each image is decomposed into cartoon image and texture image based on cartoon-texture *** will be used as smooth image and feature image for segmentation and for targeting pad seeds,***,two-phase direct energy segmentation based on Chan-Vese active contour model is applied to partitioning the cartoon image into a set of regions,from which the pad boundary is traced iteratively from the pad seed.A tracing algorithm based on scanning order is proposed to accurately trace the pad boundary,which effectively removes the epidermis attached to the pad without any post processing as well as solves the problem of over-segmentation of some small holes inside the *** experimental results demonstrate the utility of this approach in accurate delineation of various numbers of mammary pads from several sets of MRI images.

关键词： active contours cartoon-texture model tracing boundary sequential images segmentation

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Case study of a driven pile foundation in diatomaceous ***:Pile installation,dynamic analysis,and pore pressure generation

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2021年第2期13卷 446-456页

作者： Ehsan Yazdani Jiayao Wang t.matthew Evans School of Civil and Construction Engineering Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR97331USA

this paper presents the results from a case study highlighting the difficulties of pile driving in diatomaceous *** the companion(first)paper to this article,results of an extensive laboratory and in situ testing program were presented while the results from pile driving and further analysis of field observations were presented *** high pile rebound(HPR)was observed during driving of a closed-end pipe pile,with refusal occurring at a depth of less than 5 *** open-ended piles were thus *** and case pile wave analysis program(CAPWAP)data were collected during driving of both closed-and open-end *** data indicated that negative pore water pressures(PWPs)were generated while the closed-ended pile exhibited high *** from in situ tests indicated change in material stiffness and strong dilative tendencies near the depth of refusal.A hypothesis for observed behavior was proposed that considers the soil beneath the pile as a medium with an effectively infinite bulk modulus.

关键词： Diatomaceous soil Problematic soil Site characterization Laboratory testing

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Case study of a driven pile foundation in diatomaceous soil.I:Site characterization and engineering properties

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2021年第2期13卷 431-445页

作者： Jiayao Wang Ehsan Yazdani t.matthew Evans School of Civil and Construction Engineering Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR97331USA

Diatomaceous soils are comprised of the silica frustules of diatom microalgae that are present in marine and lacustrine environments throughout the *** to their unique origin,diatomaceous soils are typically characterized by high intraparticle porosity,complex particle shapes,and uniform mineralogy,causing them to exhibit atypical physical and engineering behaviors.A substantial deposit of diatomaceous silt was observed during site exploration for construction of the Buck Creek Bridge on OR140 near Klamath Falls,OR,USA.A comprehensive laboratory and in situ testing program indicated that the diatomaceous soil possessed“non-textbook”engineering ***,tested samples had high liquid limits(≈100%-140%)with natural water contents at or near the liquid ***,the soil is expected to be normally consolidated,yet high apparent overconsolidation ratios(OCR)(≈15-40)were observed both in oedometric consolidation tests and through cone penetration test(CPt)*** penetration test(SPt)results show a corrected standard penetration resistance consistent with a medium-dense sand(i.e.(N1)_(60)≈25).CPt results include corrected tip resistances(qt)of approximately 7-10 MPa and excess pore pressures(u_(2))of up to 4 *** CPt dissipation tests,pore water pressures(PWPs)returned to hydrostatic pressure in less than 1 *** this work,we synthesize these seemingly disparate material properties in an attempt to infer appropriate engineering properties for the diatomaceous deposit at the Buck Creek Bridge and attempt to provide insight into the underlying reasons for the observed behavior.

关键词： Diatomaceous soil Problematic soil Site characterization Laboratory testing

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A critical evaluation of subjective ratings： Unacquainted observers can reliably assess certain personality traits

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Current Zoology 2014年第2期60卷 162-169页

作者： matthew B.PEtELLE Daniel t.BLUMStEIN Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Los Angeles CA 90095-1606 USA Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory Crested Butte CO 81224 USA

Methods to measure consistent individual differences in behavior （i.e. animal personality） fall into two categories, subjective ratings and behavioral codings. Ratings are seldom used despite being potentially more efficient than codings. One potential limitation for the use of ratings is that it is assumed that long-term observers or experts in the field are required to score individuals. this can be problematic in many cases, especially for long-term ecological studies where there is high turnover in personnel. We tested whether raters who were unacquainted with subjects could produce reliable and valid personality assessments of yellow-bellied marmots Marmota flaviventris. two raters, previously unacquainted with individuals and marmot be- havior, scored 130 subjects on fifteen different adjectives in both open-field （OF） and mirror image stimulation （MIS） trials. Eight OF and nine MIS adjectives were reliable as indicated by both a high degree of intra-observer and inter-observer reliability. Additionally, some ratings were externally valid, correlating with behavioral codings. Our data suggest that activity/exploration and sociability can be a reliable and valid measurement of personality traits in studies where raters were unacquainted with subjects. these traits are observable with the personality tests we used; otherwise researchers using unacquainted raters should be cautious in the tests they employ [Current Zoology 60 （2）： 162-169, 2014].

关键词： Animal personality Behavior codings Marmots Subjective ratings

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Mitigation of atrazine,S-metolachlor,and diazinon using common emergent aquatic vegetation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第6期29卷 114-121页

作者： matthew t.Moore Martin A.Locke Robert Krǒger Water Quality and Ecology Research Unit USDA Agricultural Research ServiceNational Sedimentation LaboratoryOxfordMS 38655USA

By the year 2050, the population of the United States is expected to reach over 418 million, while the global population will reach 9.6 billion. to provide safe food and fiber, agriculture must balance pesticide usage against impacts on natural resources. Challenges arise when storms cause runoff to be transported to aquatic receiving systems. Vegetated systems such as drainage ditches and constructed wetlands have been proposed as management practices to alleviate pesticide runoff. twelve experimental mesocosms （1.3 ±0.71 ± 0.61 m） were filled with sediment and planted with a monoculture of one of three wetland plant species （typha latifolia, Leersia oryzoides, and Sparganium arnericanurn）. three mesocosms remained unvegetated to serve as controls. All mesocosms were amended with 9.2 ± 0.8 μg/L, 12 ± 0.4 μg/L, and 3.1 ± 0.2 μg/L of atrazine, metolachlor, and diazinon, respectively, over a 4 hr hydraulic retention time to simulate storm runoff. Following the 4 hr amendment, non-amended water was flushed through mesocosms for an additional 4 hr. Outflow water samples were taken hourly from pre-amendment through 8 hr, and again at 12, 24, 48, 72, and 168 hr post-amendment. L. oryzoides and t. latifolia had mean atrazine, metolachlor, and diazinon retentions from B1%-55% for the first 4 hr of the experiment. Aside from S. arnericanum and atrazine （25% retention）, unvegetated controls had the lowest pesticide retention （17%-28%） of all compared mesocosms. While native aquatic vegetation shows promise for mitigation of pesticide runoff, further studies increasing the hydraulic retention time for improved efficiency should be examined.

关键词： Phytoremediation Pesticide Mesocosm Wetland

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transport mechanism in chemically reactive hybrid nanofluid flow containing gyrotactic micro-organisms over a curved oscillatory surface

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 177-192页

作者： M.NAVEED M.IMRAN t.ASGHAR Z.ABBAS Department of Mathematics Division of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Education Department of Mathematics The Islamia University of Bahawalpur

this paper examines the transport analysis, including both heat transfer and mass transfer, in hybrid nanofluid flow containing gyrotactic microorganisms towards a curved oscillatory surface. the influence of magnetic fields is also inspected in terms of their physical characteristics. to depict the phenomena of transport, modified versions of both Fick's and Fourier's laws are used. Additionally, the characteristics of both heterogeneous and homogeneous chemical reactions are also incorporated. Utilizing a curvilinear coordinate system, the flow problem is formulated as partial differential equations(PDEs)for momentum, concentration, microorganism field, and energy. An analytical solution to the obtained flow equations is achieved utilizing the homotopy analysis method(HAM).the effects of significant flow parameters on the pressure and microorganism fields, velocity, oscillation velocity, concentration, and temperature distributions are shown via graphs. Furthermore, the variations in skin friction, mass transfer rate, heat transfer rate, and local motile number due to different involved parameters are presented in tables and are analyzed in detail. Graphical results indicate that the curves of velocity and temperature fields are enhanced as the values of the solid volume fraction variables *** is also verified that the concentration rate field decreases as the values of the homogeneous reaction strength parameter and the radius of curvature parameter increase, and it increases with the Schmidt number and the heterogeneous reaction strength *** outcomes show a favorable response of the motile number to advanced values of the Peclet number, the Schmidt number, the microorganism difference parameter, and the bio-convective Lewis number.

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Fecal microbiota transplantation in allergic diseases

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World Journal of Methodology 2025年第2期15卷 83-91页

作者： Ece tüsüzÖnata ÖnerÖzdemir Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Medical FacultySakarya UniversityAdapazarı54100SakaryaTürkiye

Microorganisms such as bacteria,fungi,viruses,parasites living in the human intestine constitute the human intestinal *** refers to composi-tional and quantitative changes that negatively affect healthy gut *** recent years,with the demonstration that many diseases are associated with dysbiosis,treatment strategies targeting the correction of dysbiosis in the treat-ment of these diseases have begun to be *** microbiota trans-plantation(FMt)is the process of transferring faeces from a healthy donor to another recipient in order to restore the gut microbiota and provide a therapeutic *** studies have gained popularity after probiotic,prebiotic,symbiotic studies in the treatment of dysbiosis and related *** has emerged as a potential new therapy in the treatment of allergic diseases as it is associated with the maintenance of intestinal microbiota and immunological balance(t helper 1/t helper 2 cells)and thus suppression of allergic *** this article,the definition,application,safety and use of FMt in allergic diseases will be discussed with current data.

关键词： Microbiota Dysbiosis Faecal microbiota transplantation Allergic diseases

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Development of a facile block copolymer method for creating hard mask patterns integrated into semiconductor manufacturing

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Nano Research 2016年第10期9卷 3116-3128页

作者： tandra Ghoshal matthew t. Shaw Justin D. Holmes Michael A. Morris Department of Chemistry and tyndall National Institute University College Cork Cork Ireland AMBER Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN) Trinity College Dublin Dublin Ireland Intel Ireland Ltd. Collinstown Industrial Estate Co. Kildare Ireland School of Chemistry Trinity College Dublin Dublin Ireland

Our goal is to develop a facile process to create patterns of inorganic oxides and metals on a substrate that can act as hard masks. these materials should have high etch contrast （compared to silicon） and so allow high-aspect-ratio, high- fidelity pattern transfer whilst being readily integrable in modem semiconductor fabrication （FAB friendly）. Here, we show that ultra-small-dimension hard masks can be used to develop large areas of densely packed vertically and horizontally orientated Si nanowire arrays. the inorganic and metal hard masks （Ni, NiO, and ZnO） of different morphologies and dimensions were formed using microphase- separated polystyrene-b-poly（ethylene oxide）（PS-b-PEO） block copolymer （BCP） thin films by varying the BCP molecular weight, annealing temperature, and annealing solvent（s）. the self-assembled polymer patterns were solvent-processed, and metal ions were included into chosen domains via a selective inclusion method. Inorganic oxide nanopatterns were subsequently developed using standard techniques. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy studies show that high-aspect-ratio pattern transfer could be affected by standard plasma etch techniques. the masking ability of the different materials was compared in order to create the highest quality uniform and smooth sidewall profiles of the Si nanowire arrays. Notably good performance of the metal mask was seen, and this could impact the use of these materials at small dimensions where conventional methods are severely limited.

关键词： block copolymer self-assembly hard mask silicon nanowires

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Boosting the catalytic activity toward oxygen reduction via a heterostructure of porous iron oxide-decorated 2D NiO/NG nanosheets

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 669-681,I0016页

作者： Kakali Maiti matthew t.Curnan Hyung Jun Kim Kyeounghak Kim Jeong Woo Han Department of Chemical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)PohangGyeongbuk 37673Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Research Institute of Advanced MaterialsSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Department of Chemical Engineering Clean-Energy Research InstituteHanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials technology RRL CampusAcharya ViharBhubaneswarOdisha 751013India

As a noble metal substitute,two-dimensional(2D)hierarchical nano-frame structures have attracted great interest as candidate catalysts due to their remarkable advantages-high intrinsic activity,high electron mobility,and straightforward surface ***,they may replace Pt-based catalysts in oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)***,a simple method is developed to design hierarchical nano-frame structures assembled via 2D NiO and N-doped graphene(NG)*** procedure can yield nanostructures that satisfy the criteria correlated with improved electrocatalytic performance,such as large surface area,numerous undercoordinated atoms,and high defect ***,porous NG nanosheet architectures,featuring NiO nanosheets densely coordinated with accessible holey Fe_(2)O_(3) moieties,can enhance mesoporosity and balance *** improvements can facilitate charge transport and expose formerly inaccessible reaction sites,maximizing active site density *** functional theory(DFt)calculations reveal favored O_(2) adsorption and dissociation on Fe_(2)O_(3) hybrid structures when supported by 2D NiO and NG nanomaterials,given 2D materials donated charge to Fe_(2)O_(3) active *** systematic studies reveal that synergistic contributions are responsible for enriching the catalytic activity of Fe_(2)O_(3)@NiO/NG in alkaline media-encompassing internal voids and pores,unique hierarchical support structures,and concentrated N-dopant and bimetallic atomic ***,this work expands the toolbox for designing and synthesizing highly efficient 2D/2D shelled functional nanomaterials with transition metals,endeavoring to benefit energy conversion and related ORR applications.

关键词： N-doped graphene Holey Fe_(2)O_(3)nanocrystals NiO nanosheets High catalytic performance ORR

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Deubiquitinase Otub1 negatively regulates IL-15 signaling in CD8 t cells and NK cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2019年第11期16卷 846-847页

作者： matthew A.Huggins Sara E.Hamilton Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Center for ImmunologyUniversity of Minnesota Medical SchoolMinneapolisMN 55414USA

Regulation of cells with cytotoxic functionality is crucial to provide an effective and proportional response to immune ***8 t cells and NK cells are responsible for differentiating infected or tumorigenic host cells from healthy self-cells and removing them from the ***-15 signaling promotes the survival,maturation,and proliferation of CD8 t cells and NK cells.1 In a recent work,Zhou et *** a novel regulatory checkpoint that inhibits activation through the IL-15 signaling pathway.2 this study dissects the mechanism through which the deubiquitinase Otub1 negatively regulates CD8 t cell and NK cell activation in response to *** findings identify an intriguing and previously undescribed checkpoint that can potentially be manipulated to modulate the immune ***,the authors demonstrate that by removing Otub1 inhibition,immune tolerance to self-cells and tumor antigens can be broken.

关键词： ubiquitin al. removing

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