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Mechanical transduction by ion channels: A cautionary tale

World Journal of Neurology 2015年第3期5卷 74-87页

作者： frederick Sachs UB School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Physiology and Biophysics

Mechanical transduction by ion channels occurs in all cells. The physiological functions of these channels have just begun to be elaborated, but if we focus on the upper animal kingdom, these channels serve the common sensory services such as hearing and touch,provide the central nervous system with information on the force and position of muscles and joints, and they provide the autonomic system with information about the filling of hollow organs such as blood vessels. However, all cells of the body have mechanosensitive channels(MSCs), including red cells. Most of these channels are cation selective and are activated by bilayer tension. There are also K+ selective MSCs found commonly in neurons where they may be responsible for both general anesthesia and knockout punches in the boxing ring by hyperpolarizing neurons to reduce excitability. The cationic MSCs are typically inactive under normal mechanical stress, but open under pathologic stress. The channels are normally inactive because they are shielded from stress by the cytoskeleton. The cationic MSCs are specifically blocked by the externally applied peptide Gs Mtx4(aka, AT-300). This is the first drug of its class and provides a new approach to many pathologies since it is nontoxic, non-immunogenic, stable in a biological environment and has a long pharmacokinetic lifetime. Pathologies involving excessive stress are common. They produce cardiac arrhythmias, contraction in stretched dystrophic muscle, xerocytotic and sickled red cells, etc. The channels seem to function primarily as "fire alarms", providing feedback to the cytoskeleton that a region of the bilayer is under excessive tension and needs reinforcing. The eukaryotic forms of MSCs have only been cloned in recent years and few people have experience working with them. "Newbies" need to become aware of the technology, potential artifacts, and the fundamentals of mechanics. The most difficult problem in studying MSCs is that the actual stimulus, the f

关键词： Channel Mechanical Patch Force Tension Bilayer Domain Osmotic Transduction Biomechanics

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Effect of hybrid rice varieties on growth and development of broilers and ducks

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第1期7卷 127-133页

作者： frederick M.LeMieux Courtney P.Villemarette Eddie K.Lyons Thomas H.Shields Norman German School of Agricultural Sciences McNeese State UniversityLake CharlesLA70609United States

Three experiments(Exp.1,n=144 broilers[Ross×Ross];Exp.2,n=118 mallard ducklings[Anas platyrhynchos];and Exp.3,n=75 mature mallard ducks)were conducted to determine the effects of 3 levels of unmilled hybrid rice on growth performance and organ and gastrointestinal tract *** dietary treatments were 1)corn-soybean meal(basal),2)basal+5%hybrid rice,and 3)basal+10%hybrid rice for Exp.1 to 3,*** bird from each pen in Exp.1(n=24)and all the birds in Exp.2(n=118)and Exp.3(n=75)were randomly selected and euthanized to determine linear measurements and organ and gastrointestinal tract *** Exp.1 and 2,birds fed 10%rice experi-enced slower growth(P0.05)in ***,birds fed 5%rice had significantly increased(P<0.05)pancreas,ileum,and jejunum weights in Exp.2,and 10%rice significantly increased(P<0.05)liver weight in *** addition of 10%unmilled rice to broiler and duck diets may reduce growth performance.

关键词： Hybrid rice Broiler Mallard duckling Mallard duck

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Bilateral vs unilateral placement of metal stents for inoperable highgrade hilar biliary strictures: A systemic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第34期25卷 5210-5219页

作者： Munish Ashat Sumant Arora Jagpal S Klair Christopher A Childs Arvind R Murali frederick C Johlin Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Iowa Hospital and ClinicsIowa CityIA 52242United States Section of Gastroenterology SeattleWA 98111United States Hardin Library University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics Iowa CityIA 52242United States

BACKGROUND Bilateral vs unilateral biliary stenting is used for palliation in malignant biliary *** clear data is available to compare the efficacy and safety of bilateral biliary stenting over unilateral *** To assess the efficacy and safety of bilateral vs unilateral biliary drainage in inoperable malignant hilar *** PubMed,Embase,Scopus,and Cochrane databases,as well as secondary sources(bibliographic review of selected articles and major GI proceedings),were searched through January *** primary outcome was the re-intervention *** outcomes were a technical success,early and late complications,and stent malfunction *** odds ratio(OR)and 95%confidence interval(CI)were calculated for each *** A total of 9 studies were included(2 prospective Randomized Controlled Study,5 retrospective studies,and 2 abstracts),involving 782 patients with malignant hilar *** stenting had significantly lower re-intervention rate compared with unilateral drainage(OR=0.59,95%CI:0.40-0.87,P=0.009).There was no difference in the technical success rate(OR=0.7,CI:0.42-1.17,P=0.17),early complication rate(OR=1.56,CI:0.31-7.75,P=0.59),late complication rate(OR=0.91,CI:0.58-1.41,P=0.56)and stent malfunction(OR=0.69,CI:0.42-1.12,P=0.14)between bilateral and unilateral stenting for malignant hilar biliary *** Bilateral biliary drainage had a lower re-intervention rate as compared to unilateral drainage for high grade inoperable malignant biliary strictures,with no significant difference in technical success,and early or late complication rates.

关键词： Metal stent Hilar biliary stricture Re-intervention rate Technical success rate

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Effects of Treatment with Different Combinations of Bisphenol Compounds on the Mortality of Caenorhabditis Elegans

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2020年第2期33卷 145-149页

作者： Naomi HAMAMBA LI Jie ZHANG Xiao Wei ZHANG Cai Qin frederick SARPONG ZHOU Xing Hua School of Food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013Jiangsu China

Bisphenol A(BPA)is believed to affect a variety of physiological functions associated with human diseases[1].Bisphenol F(BPF)is an alternative to bisphenol *** percent of BPF is used as a monomer in the synthesis of polyvinyl chloride(PVC)and other compounds[2].Bisphenol S(BPS)is a structural analog of bisphenol A,which is widely used as a substitute in a variety of daily-use consumer goods and *** compound is often detected in indoor dust,urine,and human blood.

关键词： Effects Treatment Caenorhabditis

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Exciton binding energy and effective mass of CsPbCl3:a magneto-optical study

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Photonics Research 2020年第10期8卷 I0013-I0018页

作者： MICHAL BARANOWSKI PAULINA PLOCHOCKA RUI SU LAURENT LEGRAND THIERRY BARISIEN frederick BERNARDOT QIHURA XIONG CHRISTOPHE TESTELIN MARIA CHAMARRO Department of Experimtental Physics Faculty of Furndamental Problems of TechnologyWroclaw University of Scolonce and TechnologyWroclawPoland Laboratoire National des Champs Magnetiques Intenses UPR 3228CNRS-UGA-UPS-NSAGrenoble and ToulouseFrance Dwision of Physics and Aopled Prysics School of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNarnyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore Sorbone Universite CNRS-UMR 7588Institut des NanoSciences de ParisINSPParisFrance

High magnetile field spectroscopy has been performed on lead chloride-based perovskite,a material that attracts significant interest for photovoltaic and photonic applications within the past *** properties being mainly driven by the exciton states,we have mcasured the fundamental parameters,such as the exciton binding energy,effective mass,and dielectric *** the inorganic halide perovskites,CsPbCl3 owns the largest exciton binding energy and effective *** blue emmitting compound has also been compared with lower band gap energy perovskites and other semiconducting phasces,showing comparable band gap dependences for binding energy and Bohr radius.

关键词： perovskite energy mass

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Autonomy in materials research: a case study in carbon nanotube growth

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npj Computational Materials 2016年第1期2卷 25-30页

作者： Pavel Nikolaev Daylond Hooper frederick Webber Rahul Rao Kevin Decker Michael Krein Jason Poleski Rick Barto Benji Maruyama Air Force Research Laboratory Materials and Manufacturing DirectorateRXASWPAFBDaytonOHUSA UES Inc DaytonOHUSA Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Laboratories Cherry HillNJUSA Present address:Air Force Research Laboratory RHCIWPAFBOH 45433 and Infoscitex IncDaytonOH 45431USA Present address:Air Force Research Laboratory 711 Human Performance WingHuman Effectiveness DirectorateRHASWPAFBDaytonOH 45433USA

Advances in materials are an important contributor to our technological progress,and yet the process of materials discovery and development itself is *** current research process is human-centred,where human researchers design,conduct,analyse and interpret experiments,and then decide what to do *** have built an Autonomous Research System(ARES)—an autonomous research robot capable of first-of-its-kind closed-loop iterative materials *** exploits advances in autonomous robotics,artificial intelligence,data sciences,and high-throughput and in situ techniques,and is able to design,execute and analyse its own experiments orders of magnitude faster than current research *** applied ARES to study the synthesis of singlewalled carbon nanotubes,and show that it successfully learned to grow them at targeted growth *** has broad implications for the future roles of humans and autonomous research robots,and for human-machine *** believe autonomous research robots like ARES constitute a disruptive advance in our ability to understand and develop complex materials at an unprecedented rate.

关键词： robot artificial autonomous

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小主应力方向加载条件下的掺砾黏土真三轴试验

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岩土力学 2018年第9期39卷 3270-3276页

作者：张坤勇李威 Charkley Nai frederick 陈恕河海大学岩土力学与堤坝工程教育部重点实验室江苏南京210098 河海大学江苏省岩土工程技术工程研究中心江苏南京210098 河海大学岩土工程科学研究所江苏南京210098

对土石坝心墙掺砾黏土开展模拟心墙单元小主应力方向加载的真三轴试验,首先对试样进行不同围压条件下等向固结,然后保持小主应力恒定,通过调整大主应力和中主应力,以模拟土石坝竣工后的初始三向应力状态。试验过程中保持大主应力和中主... 详细信息

对土石坝心墙掺砾黏土开展模拟心墙单元小主应力方向加载的真三轴试验,首先对试样进行不同围压条件下等向固结,然后保持小主应力恒定,通过调整大主应力和中主应力,以模拟土石坝竣工后的初始三向应力状态。试验过程中保持大主应力和中主应力恒定,从小主应力方向单向加载,以模拟土石坝蓄水过程中心墙单元所经历的应力路径。试验结果与常规三轴试验以及复杂应力条件下大主应力方向真三轴加载试验结果都有显著不同。不同初始应力条件下,不同主应力方向的初始切线模量和初始切线泊松比的变化规律非常复杂,应力–应变显现出明显的各向异性。在心墙堆石坝施工过程及蓄水过程中,心墙单元所经历的应力路径明显不同,合理的土体本构模型应该对这种由于加荷路径不同所引起的不同方向模量和泊松比进行合理描述。

关键词：真三轴试验小主应力各向异性掺砾黏土应力路径

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Assessing the Impacts of Sea Level Rise Using Existing Data

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2016年第9期4卷 159-183页

作者： frederick Bloetscher Michael Wood Department of Civil Environmental and Geomatics Engineering Florida Atlantic University Boca Raton FL USA

Local communities want to know the cost of improvements needed to their drainage system based on projected sea level rise. Prior research demonstrates that in coastal areas, groundwater will rise with sea level. As a result the combination of groundwater levels and tidal data must be used to predict local impacts of sea level rise on the drainage system. However, it would appear to complicate the situation if the amount of data available for making sea level rise projections with groundwater is limited. The objectives of this task were to identify available data in a data limited community, compare the available data, assess the impact of sea level rise on the community, and its impact on the stormwater system, identify vulnerable areas in the City, provide an estimate of long-term costs for improvements, and provide a toolbox of strategies to employ at the appropriate time. The project was conducted using ArcGIS tools to import tidal, groundwater, topographic LiDAR and infrastructure improvements into GIS software and performing analysis based on current data. The cost of improvements was based on applying actual 2015 construction costs in the subject comments across a larger vulnerable area. It was found that the data sources provided similar results, despite different timelines and dates so did not interfere with the subsequent analysis. The data revealed that over $400 million in current dollars might be needed to address stormwater issues arising from sea level rise before 2100.

关键词： Sea Level Rise Groundwater LiDAR GIS Stormwater Infrastructure

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Disaster Risk Management Through the Design Safe Cyberinfrastructure

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2020年第6期11卷 719-734页

作者： Jean-Paul Pinelli Maria Esteva Ellen M.Rathje David Roueche Scott J.Brandenberg Gilberto Mosqueda Jamie Padgett frederick Haan Department of Mechanical and Civil Engineering Florida Institute of TechnologyMelbourneFL 32901USA Texas Advanced Computing Center University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA Department of Civil Engineering University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA Department of Civil Engineering Auburn UniversityAuburnAL 36849USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of California in Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Structural Engineering University of California in San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX 77005USA Engineering Department Calvin CollegeGrand RapidsMI 49546USA

Design Safe addresses the challenges of supporting integrative data-driven research in natural hazards *** is an end-to-end data management,communications,and analysis platform where users collect,generate,analyze,curate,and publish large data sets from a variety of sources,including experiments,simulations,field research,and post-disaster *** achieves key objectives through:(1)integration with high performance and cloud-computing resources to support the computational needs of the regional risk assessment community;(2)the possibility to curate and publish diverse data structures emphasizing relationships and understandability;and(3)facilitation of real time communications during natural hazards events and disasters for data and information *** resultant services and tools shorten data cycles for resiliency evaluation,risk modeling validation,and forensic *** article illustrates salient features of the *** summarizes its design principles,architecture,and *** focus is on case studies to show the impact of Design Safe on the disaster risk *** Next Generation Liquefaction project collects and standardizes case histories of earthquake-induced soil liquefaction into a relational database—Design Safe—to permit users to interact with the *** can correlate in Design Safe building dynamic characteristics based on data from building sensors,with observed damage based on ground motion *** groups upload,curate,and publish wind,seismic,and coastal damage data they gather during field reconnaissance missions,so these datasets are available shortly after a *** a part of the education and community outreach efforts of Design Safe,training materials and collaboration space are also offered to the disaster risk management community.

关键词： Cyberinfrastructure Design Safe Disaster risk management Natural hazard data management

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Activation of Defense Response Pathways by OGs and Fig22 Elicitors in Arabidopsis Seedlings

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Molecular Plant 2008年第3期1卷 423-445页

作者： Carine Denoux Roberta Galletti Nicole Mammarella Suresh Gopalan Danièle Werck Giulia De Lorenzo Simone Ferrari frederick M. Ausubel Julia Dewdney Department of Genetics Harvard Medical School and Department of Molecular Biology Massachusetts General Hospital 185 Cambridge St Simches 7700Boston MA 02114 USA Institut de Biologie Moleculaire des Plantes CNRS Universite Louis Pasteur. Strasbourg France Dipartimento di Biologia Vegetale University di Roma 'La Sapienza' Piazzale Aldo Moro 5 00185 Rome. Italy

We carried out transcriptional profiling analysis in 10-d-old Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings treated with oligogalacturonides （OGs）, oligosaccharides derived from the plant cell wall, or the bacterial flagellin peptide Fig22, general elicitors of the basal defense response in plants. Although detected by different receptors, both OGs and Fig22 trigger a fast and transient response that is both similar and comprehensive, and characterized by activation of early stages of multiple defense signaling pathways, particularly JA-associated processes. However, the response to Fig22 is stronger in both the number of genes differentially expressed and the amplitude of change. The magnitude of induction of individual genes is in both cases dose-dependent, but, even at very high concentrations, OGs do not induce a response that is as comprehensive as that seen with Fig22. While high doses of either microbe-associated molecular pattern （MAMP） elicit a late response that includes activation of senescence processes, SA-dependent secretory pathway genes and PR1 expres- sion are substantially induced only by Fig22. These results suggest a lower threshold for activation of early responses than for sustained or SA-mediated late defenses. Expression patterns of amino-cyclopropane-carboxylate synthase genes also implicate ethylene biosynthesis in regulation of the late innate immune response.

关键词： Fig22 唇形科种子活化作用

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