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Estimating the subsolar magnetopause position from soft X-ray images using a low-pass image filter

Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 173-183页

作者： Hyangpyo Kim Hyunju K.Connor Jaewoong Jung Brian M.Walsh David sibeck Kip D.Kuntz frederick s.porter Catriana K.Paw U Rousseau A.Nutter Ramiz Qudsi Rumi Nakamura Michael Collier space Research Institute Austrian Academy of Sciences8042 GrazAustria Geophysical Institute University of Alaska FairbanksFairbanksAlaska 99775USA National Aeronautics and space Administration(NAsA)Goddard space Flight Center GreenbeltMaryland 20771USA Astronomy Department University of Maryland College ParkCollege ParkMaryland 20742USA Center for space Physics Boston UniversityBostonMassachusetts 02215USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMaryland 21218USA Howard University WashingtonDC 20059USA

The Lunar Environment heliospheric X-ray Imager(LEXI)and solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(sMILE)missions will image the Earth’s dayside magneto pause and cusps in soft X-rays after their respective launches in the near future,to specify glo bal magnetic reconnection modes for varying solar wind conditions.To suppo rt the success of these scientific missions,it is critical to develop techniques that extract the magnetopause locations from the observed soft X-ray images.In this research,we introduce a new geometric equation that calculates the subsolar magnetopause position(Rs)from a satellite position,the look direction of the instrument,and the angle at which the X-ray emission is maximized.Two assumptions are used in this method:(1)The look direction where soft X-ray emissions are maximized lies tangent to the magnetopause,and(2)the magnetopause surface near the subsolar point is almost spherical and thus Rsis nea rly equal to the radius of the magneto pause curvature.We create synthetic soft X-ray images by using the Open Geospace General Circulation Model(OpenGGCM)global magnetohydrodynamic model,the galactic background,the instrument point spread function,and Poisson noise.We then apply the fast Fourier transform and Gaussian low-pass filte rs to the synthetic images to re move noise and obtain accurate look angles for the soft X-ray pea ks.From the filte red images,we calculate Rs and its accuracy for different LEXI locations,look directions,and solar wind densities by using the OpenGGCM subsolar magnetopause location as ground truth.Our method estimates Rs with an accuracy ofsolar wind density exceeds>10 cm-3.The accuracy improves for greater solar wind densities and during southward interplanetary magnetic fields.The method ca ptures the magnetopause motion during southwa rd interplaneta ry magnetic field turnings.Consequently,the technique will enable quantitative analysis of the magnetopause motion and help reveal the dayside reconnection modes for dynamic solar wind con

关键词： soft X-ray magnetopause reconnection low-pass filter LEXI sMILE

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The magnetosheath at high spectral resolution

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 234-246页

作者： K.D.Küntz D.Koutroumpa W.R.Dunn A.Foster F.s.porter D.G.sibeck B.Walsh The Henry A.Rowland Department of Physics and Astronomy Johns Hopkins University3701 San Martin DriveBaltimoreMD21218USA NAsA Goddard space Flight Center 8800 Greenbelt RoadGreenbeltMD 20771USA LATMOs-OVsQ CNRSUVSQ Paris-SaclaySorbonne Université11 Boulevard d’Alembert78280GuyancourtFrance Department of Physics and Astronomy University College LondonLondonUK The Centre for Planetary science at UCL/Birkbeck Gower StreetLondon WC1E 6BTUK Center for Astrophysics Harvard University&Smithsonian Institution60 Garden StreetCambridgeMA 02138USA Center for space Physics Boston University110 Cummington MallBostonMAUSA

While we eagerly anticipate sMILE’s(solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer)unprecedented X-ray observations of the Earth’s magnetosheath and the initiation of a new era of magnetospheric research,it seems appropriate to look ahead to the abilities of the next generation of astrophysics missions.Of these,the Line Emission Mapper(LEM),a large aperture micro-calorimeter based mission,is currently planned to be able to observe the magnetosheath at high spectral resolution(~2 eV).With a field of view of~30′,LEM will allow higher spatial resolution and higher cadence measurement of the motion of a very small portion of the magnetopause over relatively short periods of time(multiple hours),complementing sMILE’s global mapping.LEM’s strength is its spectral resolution.It will be able to measure the abundance of a broad range of elements and ionization states,many of which are inaccessible to current in situ instruments,and will be able to separate the emission from the magnetosheath from the emission from the cosmic X-ray background using the difference in their relative velocities.

关键词： magnetosheath charge exchange solar wind abundances

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Buechel Pappas Resurfacing shoulder Replacement: Evolution and over 40 Years of Clinical Experience

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第5期14卷 218-228页

作者： frederick F. Buechel Michael J. Pappas Rutgers NJ Medical school Newark NJ USA south Mountain Orthopaedic Associates South Orange NJ USA New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark NJ USA

Background: Early exploration of the semi constrained “Floating-socket” total shoulder replacement (TsR) in 1974 led to a proliferation of various unconstrained designs that allowed resection or retention of the humeral head, depending upon the pathological process involved. Degenerative glenohumeral arthritis with mild to moderate involvement of subchondral bone allowed for a resurfacing option, while severe humeral head involvement required a partial or full humeral head replacement attached to an intramedullary stem for fixation. All components evolved from cemented to cementless application by 1982. The purpose of this paper is to describe the progression of Buechel-Pappas (B-P) shoulder replacement development from the early 1970’s in both cemented and cement less applications. Methods: Clinical evaluations of “Floating-socket” TsR, followed by B-P stem-type, resurfacing types, bipolar-type and revision components, all of which comprise the B-P shoulder Replacement system, were performed over a 49-year period. Results: “Floating-socket” implants improved the results of simple, constrained ball-in-socket designs, but generally failed by glenoid component loosening in both chimpanzee and human applications. Unconstrained resurfacing-type components, both anatomical humeral head and full proximal humeral components, were quite successful, with minimal failures observed in long-term studies. Bipolar salvage implants, used for severe proximal deficiencies, revisions and massive rotator cuff arthropathy, were also very successful;providing overhead range of motion in many patients. Conclusions: Resurfacing hemiarthroplasty, in patients with intact or repairable rotator cuff mechanisms, gave the most satisfactory results and were the least technically complicated to perform, requiring minimal instrumentation. Resurfacing of full proximal humeral deficiencies, using femoral resurfacing components, gave similar clinical results to more complex semi-constrained devices, also with less technical difficulties and simple

关键词： Total shoulder Replacement Resurfacing shoulder Replacement

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住院患者认知障碍识别和信息管理的整合性综述

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International Journal of Nursing sciences 2024年第1期11卷 120-132页

作者：熊蓓蓓 Daniel X.Bailey Paul Prudon Elaine M.Pascoe Leonard C.Gray frederick Graham Amanda Henderson Melinda Martin-Khan Centre for Health services Research Faculty of MedicineThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia Centre for Clinical Research Faculty of MedicineThe University of QueenslandRoyal Brisbane&Women’s HospitalBrisbaneAustralia Dementia and Delirium Division of MedicinePrincess Alexandra HospitalBrisbaneAustralia school of Nursing Faculty of HealthQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneAustralia Nursing Practice Development Unit Princess Alexandra HospitalBrisbaneAustralia school of Nursing Midwifery and Social SciencesCentral Queensland UniversityBrisbaneAustralia Griffith Health Griffith UniversityBrisbaneAustralia school of Nursing Midwifery and ParamedicineThe University of the Sunshine CoastBrisbaneAustralia Department of Health and Life sciences University of ExeterExeterUnited Kingdom school of Nursing University of Northern British ColumbiaPrince GeorgeCanada

目的旨在对目前提供急性照护的医院识别认知障碍患者以及在病历中记录和管理认知相关信息的实际情况及政策要求和推荐方法进行综述。方法采用Whittemore和Knaf1的五步法,系统检索Medline,CINAHL和scopus数据库,并检索了灰色文献来源。... 详细信息

目的旨在对目前提供急性照护的医院识别认知障碍患者以及在病历中记录和管理认知相关信息的实际情况及政策要求和推荐方法进行综述。方法采用Whittemore和Knaf1的五步法,系统检索Medline,CINAHL和scopus数据库,并检索了灰色文献来源。纳人了提供急性照护的医院已实施的患者认知障碍识别和认知信息管理相关的文献。采用混合方法评价工具和灰色文献质量评估清单对文章质量进行评价。采用主题分析法呈现和整合结果。该综述已在PROsPERO预注册(CRD42022343577)。结果共22篇原始研究文献和10篇政府/行业文件被纳人分析。结果显示,实践和政策之间存在差距。尽管在政策层面上高度重视认知障碍的识别、认知相关信息的透明度,以及与患者、家属和照顾者(如适用)之间的互动,但有时在临床实践中,认知评估是非正式的,患者的认知相关信息未作记录,与患者、家属和照顾者的互动也存在不足。结论.通过整合认知评估,利用信息技术开发信息管理综合系统,建立相关法律法规,提供教育与和培训,并采用国家层面的策略,有可能显著改善对认知障碍患者的识别和护理。

关键词：急性照护认知功能障碍数据透明度谵妄痴呆健康信息管理与患者互动.

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The soft X-ray Imager(sXI)on the sMILE Mission

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 5-14页

作者： s.sembay A.L.Alme D.Agnolon T.Arnold A.Beardmore A.Belén Balado Margeli C.Bicknell C.Bouldin G.Branduardi-Raymont T.Crawford J.P.Breuer T.Buggey G.Butcher R.Canchal J.A.Carter A.Cheney Y.Collado-Vega H.Connor T.Crawford N.Eaton C.Feldman C.Forsyth T.Frantzen G.Galgóczi J.Garcia G.Y.Genov C.Gordillo H-P.Gröbelbauer M.Guedel Y.Guo M.Hailey D.Hall R.Hampson J.Hasiba O.Hetherington A.Holland s-Y.Hsieh M.W.J.Hubbard H.Jeszenszky M.Jones T.Kennedy K.Koch-Mehrin s.Kögl s.Krucker K.D.Kuntz C.Lakin G.Laky O.Lylund A.Martindale J.Miguel Mas Hesse R.Nakamura K.Oksavik N.Østgaard H.Ottacher R.Ottensamer C.Pagani s.Parsons P.Patel J.Pearson G.Peikert F.s.porter T.Pouliantis B.H.Qureshi W.Raab G.Randal A.M.Read N.M.M.Roque M.E.Rostad C.Runciman s.sachdev A.samsonov M.soman D.sibeck s.smit J.søndergaard R.speight s.stavland M.steller TianRan sun J.Thornhill W.Thomas K.Ullaland B.Walsh D.Walton C.Wang s.Yang school of Physics and Astronomy University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHUK space Park Leicester University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHUK Mullard space science Laboratory University College LondonDorkingRH56NTUK Centre for Electronic Imaging Open UniversityMilton KeynesMK76 AAUK Birkeland Centre for space science Department of Physics and TechnologyUniv.of BergenN-5007 BergenNorway University of Vienna A-1010 ViennaAustria space Research Institute Austrian Academy of SciencesA-8042 GrazAustria National Institute of Aerospace Technology MadridSpain EsTEC European Space Agency2201 AZ NoordwijkNetherlands state Key Laboratory of space Weather National Space Science CentreBeijing 100190China University of Applied sciences and Arts Northwestern switzerland CH-5210 WindischSwitzerland Koegl space GmbH CH-8157 DielsdorfSwitzerland space Acoustics GmbH CH-8157 DielsdorfSwitzerland Zurich University of Applied sciences 8400 WinterhurSwitzerland Genov solutions N-5172 LoddefjordNorway sTM Engineering N-5165 LaksevagNorway John Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory MD 20723USA NAsA/Goddard space Flight Centre MD 20771USA Center for space Physics Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics Masaryk University60177 BrnoCzech Republic Institute of Physics E¨otvo¨s Lor´and University1053 BudapestHungary Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100045China Centro de Astrobiologia(CAB) CSIC-INTAMadridSpain

The soft X-ray Imager(sXI)is part of the scientific payload of the solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(sMILE)mission.sMILE is a joint science mission between the European space Agency(EsA)and the Chinese Academy of sciences(CAs)and is due for launch in 2025.sXI is a compact X-ray telescope with a wide field-of-view(FOV)capable of encompassing large portions of Earth’s magnetosphere from the vantage point of the sMILE orbit.sXI is sensitive to the soft X-rays produced by the solar Wind Charge eXchange(sWCX)process produced when heavy ions of solar wind origin interact with neutral particles in Earth’s exosphere.sWCX provides a mechanism for boundary detection within the magnetosphere,such as the position of Earth’s magnetopause,because the solar wind heavy ions have a very low density in regions of closed magnetic field lines.The sensitivity of the sXI is such that it can potentially track movements of the magnetopause on timescales of a few minutes and the orbit of sMILE will enable such movements to be tracked for segments lasting many hours.sXI is led by the University of Leicester in the United Kingdom(UK)with collaborating organisations on hardware,software and science support within the UK,Europe,China and the United states.

关键词： soft X-ray Imaging micropore optics large area CCD

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我国古籍整理成果法律保护研究进展与展望

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图书情报研究 2024年第2期17卷 106-116页

作者：董洪玲李永卉卢章平 Abankwa frederick 江苏大学法学院镇江212013 江苏大学科技信息研究所镇江212013 伯明翰城市大学工程系英国伯明翰B55JU

[目的/意义]古籍整理与出版是古籍保护的重要内容和方法之一,目前学界对古籍整理成果的法律保护还存在争议。[方法/过程]通过可视化分析软件Citespace对2000-2022年CNKI数据库中收录的我国古籍整理成果法律保护相关的130篇核心期刊论文... 详细信息

[目的/意义]古籍整理与出版是古籍保护的重要内容和方法之一,目前学界对古籍整理成果的法律保护还存在争议。[方法/过程]通过可视化分析软件Citespace对2000-2022年CNKI数据库中收录的我国古籍整理成果法律保护相关的130篇核心期刊论文进行统计分析,从发文数量、研究机构、核心作者、研究热点与前沿等方面,对近二十年我国古籍整理的法律保护研究成果进行梳理和总结。[结果/结论]结果表明:我国古籍整理成果法律保护研究的发文量呈波浪式增长趋势;高产机构主要由国家图书馆、天津师范大学古籍保护研究院构成,高校图书馆是研究的主要力量,但机构间合作不密切;核心作者共现网络密度低,合作程度有待提高;研究态势主要趋向于多学科交叉融合发展。在我国司法实践中,大多数法院认可古籍整理成果的独创性,符合著作权中作品的构成要件,少数法官则偏向于从民事权益的角度对其进行保护。而古籍整理成果的独创性在理论界成为争议焦点,部分学者提出了反不正当竞争法保护模式,但邻接权保护已渐成主流。从立法、司法、行政介入、合作研究四个方面,对完善我国古籍整理成果法律保护提出建议:加快古籍整理成果保护立法;完善司法实践中古籍整理成果的法律保护体系;利用行政手段加强古籍整理行业的监管力度;加强古籍整理成果保护研究机构的合作。

关键词：古籍整理成果著作权古籍保护邻接权

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NAFLD or MAFLD:the data behind the debate

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Hepatobiliary surgery and Nutrition 2022年第3期11卷 439-442页

作者： frederick Yick Kaveh Hajifathalian Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Rutgers New Jersey Medical SchoolNewarkNJUSA

since its introduction in the 1980s(1),there has been substantial growth in the knowledge of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NAFLD/NAsH).This is of utmost importance as the disease burden of NAFLD has grown globally as evidenced by its increase in disability-adjusted life-years when compared to other causes for liver disease regardless of region(2).However,despite great advances,there has been discontent with the nomenclature as it may not perfectly capture this heterogeneous disease entity.In response,an international panel proposed replacing NAFLD/NAsH with metabolic(dysfunction)associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)(3).In MAFLD,diagnosis would focus more on presence of risk factors contributing to metabolic dysfunction in the presence of fatty liver,as opposed to just the exclusion of high alcohol intake.It is noted that although most patients with hepatic steatosis who currently carry the diagnosis of NAFLD likely would also meet the criteria for MAFLD.

关键词： NAFLD diagnosis likely

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最近13万年黄土高原季风变迁的磁化率证据

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科学通报 1990年第7期35卷 529-532页

作者：安芷生 s.porter G.Kukla 肖举乐中国科学院西安黄土与第四纪地质开放研究实验室西安710061 美国华盛顿大学第四纪研究中心美国哥伦比亚大学拉蒙特地质观测所

黄土高原的近代褐土属季风气候条件下的地带性土壤。黄土-古土壤序列中褐土型古土壤和黑垆土的微形态特征及所保存的生物遗存,指示了干湿季节分明和高温与多雨季节相一致的季风气候特点。

关键词：季风磁化率太阳辐射黄土高原

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Preferences for pre-exposure prophylaxis among U.s. military men who have sex with men:results of an adaptive choice based conjoint analysis study

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Military Medical Research 2022年第2期9卷 141-151页

作者： JoséI.Gutierrez Alex Dubov frederick L.Altice David Vlahov Yale school of Nursing 400 West Campus DriveOrangeCT 06477USA Philip R.Lee Institute for Health Policy studies University of CaliforniaSan Francisco3333 California StSan FranciscoCA 94118USA Loma Linda University Griggs Hall 11065Loma LindaCA 92350USA Yale school of Medicine Section of Infectious Diseases135 College StreetSuite 323New HavenCT 06510USA Department of Epidemiology-Microbial Diseases Yale School of Public Health60 College StNew HavenCT 06510USA

Background: Pre-exposure prophylaxis(PrEP) prevents human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) infection, but its use remains low among U.s. military men who have sex with men(MsM), likely due to mis-matching with personal preferences. We conducted a study to characterize preferences to PrEP measures within this population.Methods: HIV-negative military MsM were recruited through a closed, Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgendered(LGBT) military social media group. The survey was anonymous, and consisted of five experimentally varied attributes in service delivery: dosing method, provider type, visit location, lab work evaluation location, and dispensing venue.Relative importance and part-worth utility scores were generated using hierarchical bayes(HB) estimation, and the randomized first choice model was used to examine participation interest across eight possible PrEP program scenarios.Results: A total of 429 participants completed the survey. Among the eight scenarios with varying attributes, the most preferred scenario featured a daily tablet, PrEP injection or implant, along with a military provider, smartphone/telehealth visit, and on-base locations for lab evaluation and medication pick-up. The results also emphasized the importance for providers to be familiar with PrEP prescription knowledge, and to provide interactions sensitive to sexual identity and mental health.Conclusions: A PrEP program consisting of daily tablet is preferred in military healthcare settings is preferred. Longacting implants and injections are also desired.

关键词： Conjoint analysis Pre-exposure prophylaxis Preference Decision science Human immunodeficiency virus Military health Infectious disease

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c-MET immunohistochemical expression in sporadic and inflammatory bowel disease associated lesions

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第13期28卷 1338-1346页

作者： Grant Halliday Ross J porter Catherine J Black Mark J Arends shahida Din Department of Pathology Western General HospitalNHS LothianScotland EH42XUUnited Kingdom Centre for Inflammation Research Queen’s Medical Research InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdinburgh EH164TJUnited Kingdom Edinburgh Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unit Western General HospitalNHS LothianEdinburgh EH42XUUnited Kingdom Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre Institute of Cancer&GeneticsWestern General HospitalUniversity of EdinburghEdinburgh EH42XUUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Post-colonoscopy colorectal cancer(CRC)rates for patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)are unacceptably high.During colonoscopy,an intravenous fluorescent anti-c-MET probe may improve endoscopic detection of lesions.However,c-MET expression in IBD lesions is poorly defined,limiting translational studies.AIM To comprehensively define c-MET expression in sporadic and IBD-associated colorectal carcinogenesis.METHODs c-MET expression was immunohistochemically assessed in 319 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue specimens,colonoscopically or surgically retrieved between 1994-2017.Tissue included:30 normal colorectal biopsies,30 hyperplastic polyps(HP),31 sessile serrated lesions(ssL),55 tubular/tubulovillous adenomas with low(TA-LGD,n=32)or high grade dysplasia(TA-HGD,n=23),26 sporadic(s)-CRCs,16 quiescent IBD biopsies,11 active/inflamed IBD biopsies,18 IBDassociated dysplastic lesions(IBD-dys),and 102 IBD-CRCs.Expression was scored by two independent observers as:0=absent,1=weak,2=moderate or 3=strong.Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to assess significance.REsULTs Positive epithelial cytoplasmic and membranous c-MET expression was observed in all tissues,indicating there is ubiquitous expression in the colorectum.c-MET expression was weak in normal colonic epithelium compared with each of the sporadic colonic lesions,including TA-LGD(PssL(Ps-CRC(Pspecifically,in sporadic(non-IBD)lesions,expression was stronger in TA-LGD compared with normal mucosa(Pstronger in s-CRC compared with TA-HGD(P=0.004).However,there was no significant difference between TA-LGD and TA-HGD(P=0.852).Further,there was no difference in c-MET expression between HP and ssL(P=0.065).In IBD,expression was weaker in quiescent colonic mucosa compared with inflamed colonic mucosa(Ps no difference between inflamed colonic mucosa and IBD-dys(P=0.512)or IBD-CRC(P=0.296).However,expression was stronger in IBD-dys(P<0.001)and IBD-CRC(P<0

关键词： Inflammatory bowel diseases Colorectal cancer surveillance Detection c-MET Immunohistochemistry

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