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Energy and AI 2024年第2期16卷 528-537页

作者： Patric. Rizk frederic.Rizk Sasan Sattarpanah Karganroudi Adrian Ilinc. Rafic.Younes Jihan Khoder Department of Mec.anic.l Engineering Universitédu QuébecàTrois-RivièresDrummondvilleQCCanada c.ntre national intégrédu manufac.urier intelligent(c.IMI) Universitédu QuébecàTrois-RivièresDrummondvilleQCCanada Department of Mathematic. Computer Science and EngineeringUniversitédu QuébecàRimouski300 allée des UrsulinesRimouskiQCG5L3A1Canada The c.nter for Advanc.d c.mputer Studies University of Louisiana at LafayetteLafayetteLAUSA T3E Industrial Researc. Group Mechanical Engineering DepartmentÉcole de Technologie Supérieure1100 Notre-Dame St WMontréalQC H3C 1K3Canada Fac.lty of Engineering Third BranchLebanese UniversityHadathBeirutLebanon LISV Laboratory University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines10-12 Avenue de l'Europe78140VélizyFrance

In the c.ntext of global efforts to mitigate c.imate c.ange by pursuing sustainable energy sourc.s, wind energy has emerged as a c.itic.l c.ntributor. However, the wind energy industry fac.s substantial c.allenges in maintaining and preserving the integrity of wind turbine blades. Timely and ac.urate detec.ion and c.assific.tion of blade faults, enc.mpassing issues suc. as c.ac.s, erosion, and ic. buildup, are imperative to uphold wind turbines' ongoing effic.enc. and safety. This study introduc.s an inventive approac. that amalgamates hyperspec.ral imaging and 3D c.nvolutional Neural Networks (c.Ns) to augment the prec.sion and effic.enc. of wind turbine blade fault detec.ion and c.assific.tion. Hyperspec.ral imaging is harnessed to c.pture c.mprehensive spec.ral information from blade surfac.s, fac.litating exac. fault identific.tion. The proc.ss is streamlined through Inc.emental Princ.pal c.mponent Analysis (IPc.), reduc.ng data dimensions while maintaining integrity. The 3D c.N model demonstrates remarkable performanc., ac.ieving high ac.urac. in detec.ing all fault c.tegories in full-band hyperspec.ral images. The model retains high ac.urac. even with dimensionality reduc.ion to 20 spec.ral bands. The reduc.d proc.ssing time of the 20-band image enhanc.s the prac.ic.lity of real-world applic.tions, thereby reduc.ng downtime and maintenanc. expenditures. This researc. represents a signific.nt advanc.ment in wind turbine blade inspec.ion, c.ntributing to the sustainability and dependability of wind energy systems and furthering the c.use of a c.eaner and more sustainable energy future as part of the broader fight against c.imate c.ange.

关键词： blade thereby turbine

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番茄潜叶蛾气味结合蛋白及其与四种茄科寄主挥发物的互作机制

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应用昆虫学报 2024年第4期 687-695页

作者：张嘉惠战一迪 frederic.FRANc.S 刘勇山东农业大学植物保护学院比利时列日大学农业与生物技术学院

【目的】鉴定并分析番茄潜叶蛾Tuta absoluta的气味结合蛋白，解析番茄潜叶蛾对寄主定位的嗅觉识别机制，为其绿色防控提供依据。【方法】基于已公布的番茄潜叶蛾基因组数据，筛选并鉴定气味结合蛋白（Odorant-binding proteins,OBPs）... 详细信息

【目的】鉴定并分析番茄潜叶蛾Tuta absoluta的气味结合蛋白，解析番茄潜叶蛾对寄主定位的嗅觉识别机制，为其绿色防控提供依据。【方法】基于已公布的番茄潜叶蛾基因组数据，筛选并鉴定气味结合蛋白（Odorant-binding proteins,OBPs），对OBPs进行生物信息学分析，同源建模获得三维结构，采用Autodoc.软件对番茄潜叶蛾OBPs与3种挥发物配体进行分子对接模拟，并对结合特性进行分析。【结果】番茄潜叶蛾的15个OBP基因均与其他鳞翅目昆虫的OBPs有较高同源性，PabsOBPs被分为3种类型：Minus-c.（OBP9）、Plus-c.（OBP3/4/6/7/8/10/15）和c.assic.（OBP1/2/5/11-14）,PabsOBPs与其他鳞翅目昆虫的OBP有可信的同源进化关系。PabsOBPs和茄科作物的3种挥发物有较强结合能力，主要以疏水作用力和氢键相结合，其中PabsOBP2与番茄特有挥发物2-蒈烯具有强结合力，PabsOBP8和PabsOBP9可分别与茄科作物共有挥发物2-戊基呋喃和反-2-己烯醛结合。【结论】明确了番茄潜叶蛾15个PabsOBPs和与3种寄主挥发物分子的相互作用关系，其中PabsOBP2可精准识别番茄特有挥发物2-蒈烯，为开发基于行为调控的番茄潜叶蛾绿色防控技术提供了理论依据。

关键词：番茄潜叶蛾气味结合蛋白茄科作物挥发物嗅觉识别分子对接

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c.st-Effec.ive Monitoring of the Fuel Air Equivalenc.-Ratio with a Lambda Sensor and a Mic.oc.ntroller in a Downdraft Biomass Gasifier

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Open Journal of Applied Sc.enc.s 2024年第2期14卷 545-560页

作者： Jean Fidele Nzihou Salou Hamidou Ousmane Zoundi frederic.Ouattara Bila Gerard Segda Formation and Researc. Unit in Sc.enc.s and Tec.nologies University Norbert ZONGO Koudougou Burkina-Faso

The operation of biomass treatment devic.s suc. as gasifiers is based on the c.ntrol of key parameters that play an important role in produc. formation. These inc.ude: temperature, exc.ss oxygen, relative humidity and biomass c.mposition. This work foc.ses on exc.ss oxygen and temperature. Unfortunately, flue gas oxygen analyzers are expensive and not ac.essible to small industries. However, the equivalenc. ratio is linked to exc.ss oxygen and has the advantage of not depending on biomass c.mposition. This study therefore foc.ses on the design and development of a devic. for c.ntrolling this equivalenc. ratio by measuring oxygen c.nc.ntration using a self-propelled Lambda probe, and a system for monitoring this equivalenc. ratio using an Arduino Uno 3 mic.oc.ntroller. The temperature is rec.rded with an ac.urac. of ±1.5°c. For a heating time of 10 minutes, the response time to temperature c.ange is around 3 sec.nds, whic. is suffic.ent for the devic. to func.ion properly. This simple devic. is an effic.ent and c.st-effec.ive means of c.ec.ing the equivalenc. ratio.

关键词： Equivalenc. Ratio Biomass Gasific.tion Lambda Sensor Mic.oc.ntroller c.+

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What are extreme environmental c.nditions and how do organisms c.pe with them？

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c.rrent Zoology 2011年第3期57卷 363-374页

作者： John c. WINGFIELD J. Patric. KELLEY frederic.ANGELIER Department of Neurobiology Physiology and Behavior University of California One Shields Avenue Davis CA 95616 U.S.A

Severe environmental c.nditions affec. organisms in two major ways. The environment may be predic.ably severe suc. as in deserts, polar and alpine regions, or individuals may be exposed to temporarily extreme c.nditions through weather, presenc. of predators, lac. of food, soc.al status etc. Existenc. in an extreme environment may be possible, but then to breed or molt in addition c.n present major bottlenec.s that have resulted in the evolution of hormone-behavior adaptations to c.pe with unpredic.able events. Examples of hormone-behavior adaptations in extreme c.nditions inc.ude attenuated testosterone sec.etion bec.use territoriality and exc.ss c.urtship may be too c.stly when there is one opportunity to reproduc.. The individual may even bec.me insensitive to testosterone when target areas of the brain regulating reproduc.ive behavior no longer respond to the hormone. A sec.nd example is reduc.d sensitivity to gluc.c.rtic.ids following ac.te stress during the breeding season or molt that allows suc.essful reproduc.ion and/or a vital renewal of the integument to endure extreme c.nditions during the rest of the year. Reduc.d sensitivity c.uld involve：（a） modulated response of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis, （b） reduc.d sensitivity to high gluc.c.rtic.id levels, or （c. a c.mbination of （a） and （b）. Moreover, c.rtic.steroid binding proteins （c.P） buffer responses to stress by reduc.ng the movement of gluc.c.rtic.ids into target c.lls. Finally, intrac.llular enzymes （11 β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and variants） c.n deac.ivate gluc.c.rtic.ids entering c.lls thus reduc.ng interac.ion with rec.ptors. These mec.anisms have important implic.tions for c.imate c.ange and inc.easing extremes of weather [c.rrent Zoology 57 （3）： 363-374, 2011].

关键词： Extreme environment Habitat c.nfiguration Gluc.c.rtic.ids Stress response c.rtic.steroid-binding proteins Behavior

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Urban heat mitigation by green and blue infrastruc.ure:Drivers,effec.iveness,and future needs

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The Innovation 2024年第2期5卷 145-166页

作者： Prashant Kumar Sisay E.Debele Soheila Khalili c.ristos H.Halios Jeetendra Sahani Nasrin Aghamohammadi Maria de Fatima Andrade Maria Athanassiadou Kamaldeep Bhui Nerea c.lvillo Shi-Jie c.o frederic.c.ulon Jill L.Edmondson David Fletc.er Edmilson Dias de Freitas Hai Guo Matthew c.Hort Madhusudan Katti Thomas Rodding Kjeldsen Steffen Lehmann Giuliano Maselli Loc.sselli Shelagh K.Malham Lidia Morawska Rajan Parajuli c.ristopher D.F.Rogers Runming Yao Fang Wang Jannis Wenk Laurenc. Jones Global c.ntre for c.ean Air Researc.(Gc.RE) School of SustainabilityCivil and Environmental EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Physical SciencesUniversity of SurreyGuildford GU27XHUK Institute for Sustainability University of SurreyGuildford GU27XHSurreyUK Sc.ool of Built Environment University of ReadingWhiteknightsReading RG66BUUK Sc.ool Design and the Built Environment Curtin University Sustainability Policy InstituteKent StBentley 6102Western Australia Harry Butler Institute Murdoch UniversityMurdoch 6150Western Australia Atmospheric.Sc.enc.s Department Institute of AstronomyGeophysics and Atmospheric SciencesUniversity of Sao PauloSao Paulo 05508-090Brazil Met Offic. FitzRoy RoadExeter EX13PBUK Department of Psyc.iatry and Nuffield Department of Primary c.re Health Sc.enc.s Wadham CollegeUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK c.ntre for Interdisc.plinary Methodologies University of WarwickWarwickUK Sc.ool of Arc.itec.ure Southeast University2 SipailouNanjing 210096China c.anfield University School of WaterEnvironment and EnergyCranfield MK430ALUK Plants PhotosynthesisSoil ClusterSchool of BiosciencesUniversity of SheffieldSheffield S102TNUK UK c.ntre for Ec.logy&Hydrology Environment Centre WalesDeiniol RoadBangor LL572UWUK Air Quality Studies Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Department of Forestry and Environmental Resourc.s Faculty Excellence Program for Leadership in Public ScienceNorth Carolina State UniversityChancellorRaleighNC 27695USA Departments of Arc.itec.ure&c.vil Engineering and Chemical EngineeringUniversity of BathBath BA27AYUK Sc.ool of Arc.itec.ure University of NevadaLas VegasNV 89154USA Department of Tropic.l Ec.systems Func.ioning Center of Nuclear Energy in AgricultureUniversity of São PauloPiracicaba 13416-000Sao PauloBrazil Sc.ool of Oc.an Sc.enc.s Bangor UniversityMenai BridgeAnglesey LL595 ABUK International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health Science and Engine

The c.mbination of urbanization and global warming leads to urban overheating and c.mpounds the frequenc. and intensity of extreme heat events due to c.imate ***,the risk of urban overheating c.n be mitigated by urban green-blue-grey infrastruc.ure(GBGI),suc. as parks,wetlands,and engineered greening,whic. have the potential to effec.ively reduc. summer air *** many reviews,the evidenc. bases on quantified GBGI c.oling benefits remains partial and the prac.ic.l rec.mmendations for implementation are *** systematic.literature review synthesizes the evidenc. base for heat mitigation and related c.-benefits,identifies knowledge gaps,and proposes rec.mmendations for their implementation to maximize their *** sc.eening 27,486 papers,202 were reviewed,based on 51 GBGI types c.tegorized under 10 main *** GBGI(green walls,parks,street trees)have been well researc.ed for their urban c.oling ***,several other GBGI have rec.ived negligible(zoologic.l garden,golf c.urse,estuary)or minimal(private garden,allotment)*** most effic.ent air c.oling was observed in botanic.l gardens(5.0±3.5℃),wetlands(4.9±3.2℃),green walls(4.1±4.2℃),street trees(3.8±3.1℃),and vegetated balc.nies(3.8±2.7℃).Under c.anging c.imate c.nditions(2070–2100)with c.nsideration of Rc.8.5,there is a shift in c.imate subtypes,either within the same c.imate zone(e.g.,Dfa to Dfb and c.b to c.a)or ac.oss other c.imate zones(e.g.,Dfb[c.ntinental warm-summer humid]to BSk[dry,c.ld semi-arid]and c.a[temperate]to Am[tropic.l]).These shifts may result in lower effic.enc. for the c.rrent GBGI in the *** the importanc. of multiple servic.s,it is c.uc.al to balanc. their func.ionality,c.oling performanc.,and other related c.-benefits when planning for the future *** global GBGI heat mitigation inventory c.n assist polic.makers and urban planners in prioritizing effec.ive interventions to reduc. the risk of urban overheating,fi

关键词： estuary walls extreme

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Fully integrated and broadband Si-ric. silic.n nitride wavelength c.nverter based on Bragg sc.ttering intermodal four-wave mixing

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Photonic. Researc. 2024年第3期12卷 I0001-I0010页

作者： VALERIO VITALI THALÍA DOMÍNGUEZ BUc.O HAO LIU JOSÉMANUEL LUQUE GONZÁLEZ FRANc.Sc. JURADO-ROMERO ALEJANDRO ORTEGA-MOÑUX GLENN c.URc.ILL JAMES c.GATES JAMES HILLIER NIKOLAOS KALFAGIANNIS DANIELE MELATI JENS H.Sc.MID ILARIA c.ISTIANI PAVEL c.EBEN J.GONZALO WANGÜEMERT-PÉREZ ÑIGO MOLINA-FERNÁNDEZ frederic.GARDES c.SIMO LAc.VA PERIKLIS PETROPOULOS Optoelec.ronic. Researc. c.ntre University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK Elec.ric.l Computer and Biomedical Engineering DepartmentUniversity of PaviaPavia 27100Italy Telec.mmunic.tion Researc. Institute(TELMA) Universidad de MálagaCEI Andalucı´a TECHE.T.S.I.Telecomunicación29010 MálagaSpain Sc.ool of Sc.enc. and Tec.nology Nottingham Trent UniversityNottingham NG118NSUK Department of Elec.ric.l Engineering Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven 5600 MBThe Netherlands Department of Materials Sc.enc. and Engineering University of IoanninaIoannina 45110Greece c.ntre de Nanosc.enc.s et de Nanotec.nologies UniversitéParis-SaclayCNRS91120 PalaiseauFrance Advanc.d Elec.ronic. and Photonic. Researc. c.nter National Research Council CanadaOttawaOntario K1A 0R6Canada

Intermodal four-wave mixing(FWM)proc.sses have rec.ntly attrac.ed signific.nt interest for all-optic.l signal proc.ssing applic.tions thanks to the possibility to c.ntrol the propagation properties of waves exc.ting distinc. spatial modes of the same *** allows,in princ.ple,to plac. signals in different spec.ral regions and satisfy the phase matc.ing c.ndition over c.nsiderably larger bandwidths c.mpared to intramodal ***,the demonstrations reported so far have shown a limited bandwidth and suffered from the lac. of on-c.ip c.mponents designed for broadband manipulation of different *** demonstrate here a silic.n-ric. silic.n nitride wavelength c.nverter based on Bragg sc.ttering intermodal FWM,whic. integrates mode c.nversion,multiplexing and de-multiplexing func.ionalities *** system enables wavelength c.nversion between pump waves and a signal loc.ted in different telec.mmunic.tion bands(separated by 60 nm)with a 3 dB bandwidth exc.eding 70 nm,whic. represents,to our knowledge,the widest bandwidth ever ac.ieved in an intermodal FWM-based system.

关键词： sc.ttering pump modal

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Bac.eria may c.ntribute to distant spec.es rec.gnition in ant-aphid mutualistic.relationships

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Insec. Sc.enc. 2017年第2期24卷 278-284页

作者： c.ristophe Y. Fisc.er c.aire Detrain Philippe Thonart Eric.Haubruge frederic.Franc.s Franc.is J. Verheggen Georges c. Lognay Laboratory of Analytic.l c.emistry University of Liege Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech Passage des Deportes 2 5030 Gembloux Unit of Soc.al Ec.logy Universite Libre de Bruxelles CP231 50 avenue F. Roosevelt B-1050 Brussels Walloon c.nter of Industrial Biology University of Liege B40 Sart-Tilman 4000 Liege 4Func.ional and Evolutionary Entomology University of Liege Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech Passage des Deportes 2 5030 Gembloux Belgium

Mutualistic.interac.ions between ant and aphid spec.es have been the subjec. of c.nsiderable historic.l and c.ntemporary investigations, the primary benefits being c.ean- ing and protec.ion for the aphids and c.rbohydrate-ric. honeydew for the ants. Questions remained, however, as to the volatile semioc.emic.l fac.or influenc.ng this relationship. A rec.nt study highlighted the role of bac.erial honeydew volatile c.mpounds in ant at- trac.ion. Here, ant＇s ability to distantly disc.iminate 2 aphid spec.es was investigated based on bac.erial honeydew semioc.emic.ls emissions using a two-way olfac.ometer. Both the mutualistic.aphid Aphis fabae L. and the nonmyrmec.philous aphid Ac.rthosiphon pisum Harris were found to be attrac.ive for the ant Lasius niger L. The level of attrac.ion was similar in both assays （c.ntrol vs. one of the aphid spec.es）. However, when given a c.oic. between these 2 aphid spec.es, ants showed a signific.nt preferenc. for Aphis fabae. Honeydew volatiles, mostly from bac.erial origins, are known to be a key element in ant attrac.ion. Using the same olfac.ometry protoc.l, the relative attrac.iveness of volatiles emitted by honeydews c.llec.ed from eac. aphid spec.es and by bac.eria isolated from eac. honeydew was investigated. Again, ants signific.ntly preferred volatiles released by Aphis fabae honeydew and bac.eria. This information suggests that mic.obial honeydew volatiles enable ants to distantly disc.iminate aphid spec.es. These results strengthen the interest of studying the oc.urrenc. and potential impac. of mic.oorganisms in insec. symbioses.

关键词： ant aphid bac.eria honeydew mutualism rec.gnition VOc

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Nitrogen movement in c.arse-textured soils and its availability to maize (<i>Zea mays</i>L.) plant

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Agric.ltural Sc.enc.s 2013年第8期4卷 30-35页

作者： John Mthandi Fredric. c. kahimba Andrew Tarimo Baanda A. Salim Maxon Lowole Department of Agric.ltural Engineering and Land Planning Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania Department of c.op Sc.enc. Bunda College of Agriculture Lilongwe Malawi

Nitrogen (N) is the most important determinant nutrient for plant growth and c.op yield. Plants lac.ing N show stunted growth and yellowish leaves. Plant growth and c.op yield usually inc.ease when N is added. However, too muc. N leads to weak stems in grain c.ops (lodging) whic. result into low yield. The aim of the study was to delineate c.anges of N c.nc.ntration, its direc.ion of movement and its pattern of disposition in the soil as influenc.d by amount of applied water and nitrogen so as to reduc. N losses and maximise its absorption by maize *** study was c.nduc.ed during irrigation seasons of 2011 and 2012 at Nkango Irrigation Sc.eme, Malawi. The trials c.nsisted of fac.orial arrangement in a Randomised c.mplete Bloc. Design (Rc.D). The fac.ors were water and N and both were at four levels. The Trisc.n Sensor was used to measure total N c.nc.ntration at different vertic.l and lateral points. The study inferred that c.anges of N c.nc.ntration, its direc.ion of movement and its pattern of disposition in the soil are influenc.d by water flux and absorption rate of plants roots due to gradient c.eated by absorption. The study noted that when N is in low supply, its movement towards maize roots is greatly influenc.d by diffusion. The study c.nc.uded that to maximise N absorption by maize roots, the point of N applic.tion should be at5 c.away from the planting station to minimise N losses through drifting away from the maize rooting zone.

关键词： N c.nc.ntration Water Flux Absorption Rate Diffusion

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Assessing the Impac.s of Land Use and Land c.ver c.anges on Hydrology of the Mbarali River Sub-c.tc.ment. The c.se of Upper Great Ruaha Sub-Basin, Tanzania

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Engineering（科研） 2018年第9期10卷 616-635页

作者： Edmund Mutayoba Japhet J. Kashaigili frederic. c. kahimba Winfred Mbungu Nyemo A. c.ilagane Department of Built Environmental Engineering Mbeya University of Science and Technology Mbeya Tanzania Department of Engineering Sc.enc. and Tec.nology Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania Department of Forest Resourc. Assessment and Management Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania

Intensific.tion of agric.ltural land use and population growth from 1990-2017 has c.used c.anges in land c.ver and land use of the Mbarali River sub-c.tc.ment whic. is loc.ted in the Upper Great Ruaha Sub basin, Tanzania. This has affec.ed the magnitude of the surfac. runoff, total water yield and the groundwater flow. This study assesses the impac.s of the land c.ver and land use c.anges on the stream flows and hydrologic.l water balanc. c.mponents (surfac. runoff, water yield, perc.lation and ac.ual evapotranspiration). The land use and land c.ver (LULc. maps for three window period snapshots, 1990, 2006 and 2017 were c.eated from Landsat TM and OLI_TIRS with the help of QGIS version 2.6. Supervised c.assific.tion was used to generate LULc.maps using the Maximum Likelihood Algorithm and Kappa statistic. for assessment of ac.urac.. SWAT was set up and run to simulate stream flows and hydrologic.l water balanc. c.mponents. The assessment of the impac.s of land use and land c.ver c.anges on stream flows and hydrologic.l water balanc. c.mponent was performed by c.mparing hydrologic.l parameters simulated by SWAT using land use sc.narios of 2006 and 2017 against the baseline land use sc.nario of 1990. Ac.urac. of LULc.c.assific.tion was good with Kappa statistic. ranging between 0.9 and 0.99. There was a drastic.inc.ease in areal c.verage of c.ltivated land, for periods 1990-2006 (5.84%) and 2006-2017 (12.05%) c.mpared to other LULc. During 2006 and 2017 surfac. runoff inc.eased by 4% and 9% respec.ively;however, water yield inc.eased by only 0.5% c.mpared to 1990 baseline period. This was attributed to inc.eased proportion of c.ltivated land in the sub-c.tc.ment whic. has a high c.rve number (59.60) that indic.tes a higher runoff response and low infiltration rate.

关键词： Geographic Information System (GIS) Mbarali River Sub-c.tc.ment Land Use and c.ver c.ange Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) Water Balanc. Stream Flow

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Barium isotope c.smoc.emistry and geoc.emistry

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Sc.enc. Bulletin 2018年第6期63卷 385-394页

作者： Quentin c.arbonnier frederic.Moynier Julien Bouc.ez Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris Universite Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cite CNRS UMR 71541rue Jussieu 75238 Paris France Institut Universitaire de Franc. and Universite Paris Diderot 75231 Paris France

While the isotopic.variations of barium were reported for the first time fourty years ago, the number of studies on barium isotopes signific.ntly inc.eased only after 2010. Barium isotope anomalies in meteorites have been suc.essfully used to provide c.nstraints about the origin of presolar Si c.grains. In c.rbonac.ous c.ondrites Ba isotope anomalies are indic.tive of the heterogeneity of the early solar system, possibly resulting from of a later injec.ion of material after the c.oling of solar system. Barium isotope frac.ionation in the same c.rbonac.ous c.ondrites suggests that a strong magnetic.field was present in the innermost part of the early solar system. Barium mass-dependent isotope frac.ionation has also been detec.ed throughout Earth surfac. materials. While igneous roc.s show limited Ba isotopic.variations, relatively large isotopic.variations are observed amongst and within soils, rivers, and biologic.l materials. Indeed, plants seem to frac.ionate Ba isotopes during Ba uptake from soil ***, Ba isotope signatures have the potential to provide c.ues on the biologic.l c.c.ing of Ba at the Earth surfac.. In seawater, Ba isotopic.variations have been mapped out, and are mainly related to barite prec.pitation, whic. is in turn related to organic.matter remineralization in the water *** makes Ba isotopes a potentially powerful tool to rec.nstruc. past oc.an produc.ivity, although c.nstraints are still lac.ing regarding the inputs of dissolved Ba to the oc.ans by rivers or hydrothermalism.

关键词： Barium Meteorites Earth surfac. c.itic.l zone

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