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Considerations for the use of porcine organ donation models in preclinical organ donor intervention research

Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2024年第3期7卷 283-296页

作者： frazer i.heinis Shaheed Merani Nicholas W.Markin Kim F.Duncan Michael J.Moulton Lance Fristoe William E.Thorell Raechel A.Sherrick Tami R.Wells Matthew T.Andrews Marian Urban School of Natural Resources Institute of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesUniversity of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNebraskaUSA Division of Transplantation and Vascular Surgery Department of SurgeryUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA Department of Anesthesiology University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery Department of SurgeryUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA Clinical Perfusion Nebraska Medicine-Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA Department of Neurosurgery University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA Nutrition and Health Sciences College of Education and Human SciencesUniversity of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNebraskaUSA Department of Comparative Medicine University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA

Use of animal models in preclinical transplant research is essential to the optimization of human allografts for clinical *** models of organ donation and preservation help to advance and improve technical elements of solid organ recovery and facilitate research of ischemia-reperfusion injury,organ preservation strategies,and future donor-based *** considerations include cost,public opinion regarding the conduct of animal research,translational value,and relevance of the animal model for clinical *** present an overview of two porcine models of organ donation:donation following brain death(DBD)and donation following circulatory death(DCD).The cardiovascular anatomy and physiology of pigs closely resembles those of humans,making this species the most appropriate for pre-clinical *** are also considered a potential source of organs for human heart and kidney *** is imperative to minimize animal loss during procedures that are surgically *** present our experience with these models and describe in detail the use cases,procedural approach,challenges,alternatives,and limitations of each model.

关键词： animal model brain death circulatory death organ transplantation

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GP prescribing in Northern ireland by deprivation index:retrospective analysis

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2020年第3期8卷 18-26页

作者： John Scott frazer Glenn Ross frazer Somerville College University of OxfordOxfordUK School of Mathematics and Physics Queen's University BelfastBelfastUK

Objective in the present study,we sought to explore the relationship between socioeconomic status and prescribing magnitude and cost in primary care throughout Northern *** We performed a retrospective data analysis of general practitioner(GP)prescribing using open-source databases with data collected from May to October 2019 to determine the number of prescriptions and cost of drugs and drug classes by area,ranking these by deprivation *** used Kendall’s tau to quantify the relationship between prescribing and *** We analysed open-source data collected from 325 GP practices in Northern ireland during the period from May to October *** We analysed a total of 2764303 prescriptions signed during our study *** Our study indicates a clear trend of increased overall spending per patient(r=−0.1232,p=0.02)and number of prescriptions per patient(r=−0.3440,pin areas of higher *** mean cost per item was higher in less deprived areas(r=0.3809,pitems were prescribed per patient in the most compared with the least deprived decile,although more expensive items tended to be prescribed in areas with lower socioeconomic deprivation(£11.27 per item vs£9.20 per item).We found a statistically significant correlation of prescribing of key drug classes,such as bronchodilators,antidepressants and drugs used to treat diabetes,among others,with greater *** of vaccines and drugs used in the treatment of glaucoma was correlated with lower *** We provide an exploration of the correlation of prescribing with deprivation by analysing all prescriptions signed within a 6-month period in Northern *** study broadly agrees with published literature,although a few notable exceptions are *** provide evidence of discrepancies in medication cost between areas of differing deprivation and suggest possible explanations for t

关键词： prescription drugs prescribed

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Collaboration in the War against Viruses:A Multidisciplinary international Effort

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The innovation 2020年第1期1卷 40-43页

作者： ian H.frazer School of Medicine The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia

As i write this article,we are experiencing two epidemics:a global epidemic of disease(COViD-19)caused by a novel coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2),and an epidemic of panic caused by the uncertainty about the disease and its consequences.A solution to both of these epidemics is,of course,knowledge derived through ***,efforts are now focused on understanding the natural history of the COViD-19 infection and on development of interventions,including vaccines to prevent infection and treatments for the disease.

关键词： infection epidemic consequences

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Construction and Production of FluorescentPapillom avirus-like Particles

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Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences) 1999年第3期19卷 170-174,180页

作者： PENG Shiwen ZHOU Jian ian H frazer Department of Pediatrics Xiehe HospitalTongji Medical UniversityWuhan 430022 Center for immunology and Cancer Research University of QueenslandPrincess Alexandra HospitalWoolloongabbaQld4102Australia

The green fluorescent protein (GFP) from the jellyfish Aequorea victoria has attracted widespread interest since it was demonstrated to be fluorescent in vivo when expressed in other organisms. in order to investigate papillomavirus life cycle which hampered by the unavailability of conventional cell culture system, we constructed a chimeric bovine papillomavirus (BPV) type 1 virus like particles (VLPs) containing GFP. it was found that fluorescent VLPs could be assembled from L2 protein in which GFP is inserted into the N terminal region of L2 (aa 88). The fluorescent VLPs could also be assembled from a GFP/L2 fusion protein in which part of the L2 sequence had been deleted. in vitro , fluorescent VLPs could bind to CV 1 cells, and this VLP/cell interaction could be analyzed by FACS assay. These results demonstrated that GFP could incorporate into BPV1 VLPs without disruption of the VLP structure. Fluorescent VLPs might be a useful tool for study of papillomavirus virus/cell interaction.

关键词： papillomavirus \ virus like particles \ green fluorescent protein

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Hanging up the surgical cap:Assessing the competence of aging surgeons

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2021年第4期12卷 234-245页

作者： Abigail frazer Michael Tanzer Department of Orthopaedic Surgery McGill UniversityMontreal H3G 1A4QCCanada

BACKGROUND As the average age of surgeons continues to rise,determining when a surgeon should retire is an important public safety *** To investigate strategies used to determine competency in the industrial workplace that could be transferrable in the assessment of aging surgeons and to identify existing competency assessments of practicing *** We searched websites describing non-medical professions within the United States where cognitive and physical competency are necessary for public *** mandatory age and certification process,including cognitive and physical requirements,were reported for each *** for determining surgical competency currently in use,and those existing in the literature,were also *** Four non-medical professions requiring mental and physical aptitude that involve public safety and have mandatory testing and/or retirement were identified:Airline pilots,air traffic controllers,firefighters,and United States State *** late career practitioner policies designed to evaluate the ageing physician,including surgeons,were *** of these policies included subjective performance testing,4 using peer assessment and 2 using dexterity *** objective testing methods for evaluation of surgeon technical skill were identified in the *** were validated for surgical *** Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills(OSATS)was capable of distinguishing between surgeons of different skill level and showing a relationship between skill level and post-operative *** A surgeon should not be forced to hang up his/her surgical cap at a predetermined age,but should be able to practice for as long as his/her surgical skills are objectively maintained at the appropriate level of *** strategy of using skill-based simulations in evaluating non-medical professionals can be similarly used as part of the assessment of the ageing surgeons’surgical c

关键词： Aging surgeon Competency Surgical skill Surgeon retirement

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Macroscopic superposition states of ultracold bosons in a double-well potential

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Frontiers of physics 2012年第1期7卷 131-145页

作者： M.A.Garcia-March D.R.Dounas-frazer Lincoln D.Carr Department of Physics Colorado School of MinesGoldenCO80401USA Department of Physics University College CorkCorkIreland Department of Physics University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA94720USA Universitat Heidelberg Physikalisches InstitutPhilosophenweg 12D-69120HeidelbergGermany

We present a thorough description of the physical regimes for ultracold bosons in double wells, with special attention paid to macroscopic superpositions （MSs）. We use a generalization of the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick Hamiltonian of up to eight single particle modes to study these MSs, solving the Hamiltonian with a combination of numerical exact diagonalization and high-order perturbation theory. The MS is between left and right potential wells; the extreme case with all atoms simulta- neously located in both wells and in only two modes is the famous NOON state, but our approach encompasses much more general MSs. Use of more single particle modes brings dimensionality into the problem, allows us to set hard limits on the use of the original two-mode LMG model com- monly treated in the literature, and also introduces a mixed Josephson-Fock regime. Higher modes introduce angular degrees of freedom and MS states with different angular properties.

关键词： macroscopic superposition states ultracold bosons in double-well potentials

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Lactate as a regulator of iron homeostasis

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Life Metabolism 2023年第5期2卷 8-11页

作者： Gregory J.Anderson David M.frazer iron Metabolism Laboratory QIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneQueensland 4006Australia Molecular Nutrition Laboratory QIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneQueensland 4006Australia

The key metabolic intermediate lactate can increase expression of the liver-derived peptide hepcidin,the central regulator of body iron homeostasis.A new paper by Liu et *** that lactate achieves this by binding to and activating soluble adenylyl cyclase,thereby increasing cellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)and enhancing signaling through the bone morphogenetic protein(BMP)pathway to modulate hepcidin expression.

关键词： expression thereby homeostasis

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HPV 6b L1ViRUS-LiKE PARTiCLES ELiCiT HUMORAL iMMUNiTY iN MiCE

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Chinese Medical Sciences Journal 2003年第3期18卷 185-188页

作者：刘跃华刘文军刘晓松 ian H.frazer Department of Dermatology PUMC Hospital CAMS & PUMC Beijing 100730 Center for immunology and Cancer Research University of Queensland Qld 4102 Australia

*** test whether intramuscular,intranasal,intrarectal and intravagina l administration of HPV6b L 1 virus-like particlescould induce immune response in mice and to as sess whether intra-muscular and mucosal vaccination against HPV is *** ***6b L1proteins self-assembled into VLPs in Sf-9cell in *** e were immunized on day0and21with50ìg HPV6b L1VLPs intramuscularly,int ranasally,intrarectally and intravagi-nally *** were collected for testing igG titer after a further7days and3months *** .After immunizations,all mice developed significant anti-HPV6b L1antibody titers in serum by7days after the second *** titer of the serum i gG antibody against HPV6b L1VLPs in the intramuscularly immunized group was h igher than that in the intranasally,intrarectally and intravaginally immunized groups respectively,indicating that both muscular and mucosal administration of HPV6b L1VLPs can stimulate a systemic HPV-specific antibody *** of the mice in the in-tramuscularly immunized group still maintained a high tit er of the serum igG antibody against HPV6b L1VLPs 3months after the immunizat *** results demonstrated that the HPV6b L1VLPs maintain stro ng ***-nization with HPV6b L1VLPs via intramuscular and mucos al routes,without adjuvant ,can elicit spe-cific antibody in *** fin dings suggest that the VLPs are able to induce protective antibodies.

关键词： human papillomavirus virus-like particle vaccine

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Root exclusion methods for partitioning of soil respiration:Review and methodological considerations

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Pedosphere 2023年第5期33卷 683-699页

作者： Mei-Yee CHiN Sharon Yu Ling LAU frazer MiDOT Mui Sie JEE Mei Lieng LO Faustina E.SANGOK Lulie MELLiNG Sarawak Tropical Peat Research institute Lot 6035Kuching-Kota Samarahan ExpresswayKota SamarahanSarawak 94300Malaysia

Soil respiration is a vital process in all terrestrial ecosystems,through which the soil releases carbon dioxide(CO_(2))into the atmosphere at an estimated annual rate of 68–101 Pg carbon,making it the second highest terrestrial contributor to carbon *** soil respiration consists of autotrophic and heterotrophic constituents,methods for accurately determining the contribution of each constituent to the total soil respiration are critical for understanding their differential responses to environmental factors and aiding the reduction of CO_(2)*** to its low cost and simplicity,the root exclusion(RE)technique,combined with manual chamber measurements,is frequently used in field studies of soil respiration ***,RE treatments alter the soil environment,leading to potential bias in respiration *** review aims to elucidate the current understanding of RE,i.e.,trenching(Tr)and deep collar(DC)insertion techniques,by examining soil respiration partitioning studies performed in several ***,we discuss methodological considerations when using RE and the combinations of RE with stable isotopic and modeling ***,future research directions for improving the Tr and DC insertion methods in RE are suggested.

关键词： autotrophic respiration deep collar insertion heterotrophic respiration microbial respiration root trenching soil microbial community soil respirationcomponent

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支持外观造型创新设计的计算机辅助设计环境

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计算机辅助设计与图形学学报 2003年第10期15卷 1258-1262页

作者：刘弘刘希玉唐明晰 John Hamilton frazer 山东师范大学计算机科学系济南250014 香港理工大学设计学院设计技术研究中心

介绍一个计算机辅助设计环境 ,该环境利用进化计算及可视化技术生成二维草图及三维图像 ,以支持设计人员的创新设计用一个艺术设计实例介绍了该环境所采用的基于树结构的遗传算法 ,实例用一般的数学表达式生成艺术品底座外形 ,用复合... 详细信息

介绍一个计算机辅助设计环境 ,该环境利用进化计算及可视化技术生成二维草图及三维图像 ,以支持设计人员的创新设计用一个艺术设计实例介绍了该环境所采用的基于树结构的遗传算法 ,实例用一般的数学表达式生成艺术品底座外形 ,用复合函数表达式生成艺术花卉的三维图像实例表明 :文中方法能够生成一些有创意的解。

关键词：工业设计外观造型创新设计计算机辅助设计可视化产品设计

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