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mXene-based hybrid materials for electrochemical and photoelectrochemical h_(2) generation

Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 111-125,I0004页

作者： Jun Young Kim Seung hun roh Chengkai Xia Uk Sim Jung Kyu Kim School of material Science and Engineering North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University(SKKU)2066Seobu-roJangan-guSuwon 16419Republic of Korea hydrogen Energy Technology Laboratory Korea Institute of Energy Technology(KENTECH)NajuJeollanamdo 58330Republic of Korea SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano Technology(SAINT) Sungkyunkwan University(SKKU)2066Seobu-roJangan-guSuwon 16419Republic of Korea

The conversion of solar energy to produce clean hydrogen fuel through water splitting is an emerging strategy for efficiently storing solar energy in the form of solar *** aligns with the increasing global demand for the development of an ideal energy alternative to fossil fuels that does not emit greenhouse ***(EC) and photoelectrochemical(PEC) water splitting technologies have garnered significant attention worldwide for advanced hydrogen solar fuel production in recent *** achieve sustainable green h_(2) production,it is essential to create efficient catalyst materials that are low-cost and can replace expensive noble metal-based *** characteristics make them an ideal catalyst material for the ***-dimensional mXenes with m_(n+1)X_(n) structure have been identified as a promising option for EC and PEC water splitting due to their superior hydrophilicity,metal-like conductivity,large surface area,and adjustable surface ***,we present a summary of recent advancements in the synthesis and performance enhancement methods for mXene hybrid materials in hydrogen production through EC and PEC water ***,we examine the challenges and insights associated with the rational design of mXene-based hybrid materials to facilitate efficient water splitting for sustainable solar fuel production.

关键词： mXene hybrid materials EC PEC hER OER Water splitting

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Free vibration and buckling analysis of polymeric composite beams reinforced by functionally graded bamboo fbers

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第3期45卷 543-562页

作者： h.m.FEIZABAD m.h.YAS Department of mechanical Engineering Razi UniversityKermanshah ***Iran

Natural fibers have been extensively researched as reinforcement materials in polymers on account of their environmental and economic advantages in comparison with synthetic fibers in the recent *** fibers are renowned for their good mechanical properties,abundance,and short cycle *** beams are one of the fundamental structural components and are susceptible to mechanical loads in engineering applications,this paper performs a study on the free vibration and buckling responses of bamboo fiber reinforced composite(BFRC)beams on the elastic *** different functionally graded(FG)layouts and a uniform one are the considered distributions for unidirectional long bamboo fibers across the *** elastic properties of the composite are determined with the law of *** hamilton’s principle,the governing equations of motion are *** generalized differential quadrature method(GDQm)is then applied to the equations to obtain the *** achieved outcomes exhibit that the natural frequency and buckling load values vary as the fiber volume fractions and distributions,elastic foundation stiffness values,and boundary conditions(BCs)and slenderness ratio of the beam ***,a comparative study is conducted between the derived analysis outcomes for BFRC and homogenous polymer beams to examine the effectiveness of bamboo fibers as reinforcement materials,demonstrating the significant enhancements in both vibration and buckling responses,with the exception of natural frequencies for cantilever beams on the Pasternak foundation with the FG-◇fiber ***,the obtained analysis results of BFRC beams are also compared with those for carbon nanotube reinforced composite(CNTRC)beams found in the literature,indicating that the buckling loads and natural frequencies of BFRC beams are lower than those of CNTRC beams.

关键词： bamboo fiber free vibration buckling analysis functionally graded(FG)beam elastic foundation generalized differential quadrature method(GDQm)

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In situ characterization of particle formation in spray flame synthesis using wide-angle light scattering

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Particuology 2024年第3期86卷 304-312页

作者： Simon Aβmann franz J.T.huber Stefan Will Lehrstuhl für Technische Thermodynamik(LTT) Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nürnberg(FAU)Erlangen91058Germany Erlangen Graduate Schoolin Advanced Optical Technologies(SAOT) Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg(FAU)Erlangen91052Germany Competence Unit Engineering of Advanced materials(EAm) Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nürnberg(FAU)Erlangen91052Germany

Wide-angle light scattering(WALS)was used for in situ measurements of droplet and nanoparticle size distributions during the synthesis of titania and iron oxide particles from liquid precursor solutions in the standardized SpraySyn burner for spray flame *** was synthesized from titanium tetraisopropoxide(TTIP)and iron oxide from iron(II)nitrate nonahydrate(INN)using ethanol(EtOh)as *** images were taken at heights up to 120 mm above the burner surface and classified into droplet and particle *** size distributions were derived from a sequential analysis of scattering data containing the oscillating mie pattern,the lognormal size distribution parameters for spherical and fractal particle fractions from a multivariate approach on averaged particle scattering *** results show that the precursor addition leads to altered evaporation behavior and even droplet disruption probably induced by puffing or micro-explosions compared to pure *** the case of TTIP(a hygroscopic alkoxide),the synthesis of a large fraction of spheres was observed,while the nitrate INN leads to the formation of mostly fractal aggregates.

关键词： Spray flame synthesis metal oxide particles Elastic light scattering Droplet size distribution Nanoparticle morphology Particle size distribution

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Utilizing neural networks to supplant chemical kinetics tabulation through mass conservation and weighting of species depletion

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Energy and AI 2024年第2期16卷 101-110页

作者： franz m.roh.h.fer Stefan Posch Clemens Gößnitzer Josém.García-Oliver Bernhard C.Geiger Know-Center Gmbh Sandgasse 36Graz8010StyriaAustria LEC Gmbh Inffeldgasse 19Graz8010StyriaAustria Universitat Politècnica de València Camíde VeraValència46022ValènciaSpain

Artificial Neural Networks(ANNs)have emerged as a powerful tool in combustion simulations to replace memory-intensive tabulation of integrated chemical *** reaction mechanisms,however,present a challenge for standard ANN approaches as modeling multiple species typically suffers from inaccurate predictions on minor *** paper presents a novel ANN approach which can be applied on complex reaction mechanisms in tabular data form,and only involves training a single ANN for a complete reaction *** approach incorporates a network architecture that automatically conserves mass and employs a particular loss weighting based on species *** modifications are used to improve the overall ANN performance and individual prediction accuracies,especially for minor species mass *** validate its effectiveness,the approach is compared to standard ANNs in terms of performance and ANN *** distinct reaction mechanisms(h_(2),C_(7)h_(16),C_(12)h_(26),OmE_(34))are used as a test cases,and results demonstrate that considerable improvements can be achieved by applying both modifications.

关键词： Neural network approach Chemical kinetics Flamelet tabulation mass conservation Species loss weighting

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Autonomous Vehicle Platoons In Urban Road Networks:A Joint Distributed Reinforcement Learning and model Predictive Control Approach

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第1期11卷 141-156页

作者： Luigi D’Alfonso Francesco Giannini Giuseppe franzè Giuseppe Fedele Francesco Pupo Giancarlo Fortino IEEE the Department of Computer Engineering ModelingElectronics and SystemsUniversitàdella CalabriaVia Pietro BucciCubo 42-CRende(CS)87036Italy the Department of mechanical Engineering Energy Engineering and ManagementUniversitàdella CalabriaVia Pietro BucciCubo 42-CRende(CS)87036Italy

In this paper, platoons of autonomous vehicles operating in urban road networks are considered. From a methodological point of view, the problem of interest consists of formally characterizing vehicle state trajectory tubes by means of routing decisions complying with traffic congestion criteria. To this end, a novel distributed control architecture is conceived by taking advantage of two methodologies: deep reinforcement learning and model predictive control. On one hand, the routing decisions are obtained by using a distributed reinforcement learning algorithm that exploits available traffic data at each road junction. On the other hand, a bank of model predictive controllers is in charge of computing the more adequate control action for each involved vehicle. Such tasks are here combined into a single framework:the deep reinforcement learning output(action) is translated into a set-point to be tracked by the model predictive controller;conversely, the current vehicle position, resulting from the application of the control move, is exploited by the deep reinforcement learning unit for improving its reliability. The main novelty of the proposed solution lies in its hybrid nature: on one hand it fully exploits deep reinforcement learning capabilities for decisionmaking purposes;on the other hand, time-varying hard constraints are always satisfied during the dynamical platoon evolution imposed by the computed routing decisions. To efficiently evaluate the performance of the proposed control architecture, a co-design procedure, involving the SUmO and mATLAB platforms, is implemented so that complex operating environments can be used, and the information coming from road maps(links,junctions, obstacles, semaphores, etc.) and vehicle state trajectories can be shared and exchanged. Finally by considering as operating scenario a real entire city block and a platoon of eleven vehicles described by double-integrator models, several simulations have been performed with the a

关键词： Distributed model predictive control distributed reinforcement learning routing decisions urban road networks

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Novel synthesis of stabilized Bi_(1-x-y)Gd_xDy_yO_(1.5) solid electrolytes with enhanced conductivity for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs)

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第10期42卷 1903-1911页

作者： Ahmed h.Ibrahim Yehia m.Abbas h.A.Ayoub marwa h.Ali mustafa Aldoori materials Science Laboratory Physics DepartmentFaculty of ScienceSuez Canal University41522IsmailiaEgypt ministry of higher Education and Scientific Research Aliraqia University10011BaghdadIraq

herein,we report the synthesis of a Dy-Gd co-doped cubic phase-stabilized Bi_(2)O_(3) solid electrolyte system via solid-state processing under atmospheric *** with Dy^(3+) and Gd^(3+) has been observed to significantly enhance the densification process during sintering for stabilization purposes,thereby improving the electrical properties of δ-Bi_2O_(3)-type *** synthesized ceramics were characterized using X-ray diffraction(XRD),field emission scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(FESEm-EDX),thermal gravimetry/differential thermal analysis(TG/DTA),and the four-point probe technique(4PPT).XRD analysis reveals that the samples Bi_(1-x-y)Gd_(x)Dy_(y)O_(1.5)(y=0.05/x=0.05,0.10,0,15,and 0.20,and x=0.05/y=0.10,0.15,and 0.20) exhibit a stable face-centered cubic δ-phase and a mixed-phase crystallographic *** XRD analysis of the stabilized δ-phase suggests that the prepared oxides show a face-centered cubic(FCC) structure with a space group of *** micrographs reveal that the composition Bi_(0.90)Gd_(0.05)Dy_(0.05)O_(1.5) has no significant ***,an evident increase in the pore formation is observed as the amount of Gd_(2O_(3) increases until it reaches 20%.This finding suggests that dense pellets are formed during the sintering process at 900-1000℃.The DTA analyses were performed to verify the phase stability,which agrees with the XRD *** electrochemical performance of the synthesized Dy-Gd co-doped Bi_2O_(3)solid electrolyte system was evaluated and analyzed in detail by using the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) technique,Based on EIS and conductivity measurements,Bi_(0.75)Gd_(0.20)Dy_(0.05)O_(1.5) exhibits the lowest activation energy of 0.519 eV and the highest conductivity value of 0.398 S/cm at 627℃compared to the other samples;this composition can be used as a solid electrolyte for intermediatetemperature solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs).

关键词： Solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs) Rare earths Solid-state processing Rietveld Fast Fourier transform(FFT) Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)

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Ionizing terahertz waves with 260 mV/cm from scalable optical rectification

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第6期13卷 1075-1087页

作者： hyeongmun Kim Chul Kang Dogeun Jang Yulan roh Sang hwa Lee Joong Wook Lee Jae hee Sung Seong Ku Lee Ki-Yong Kim Advanced Photonics Research Institute GISTGwangju61005Korea Department of Physics and Optoelectronics Convergence Research Center Chonnam National UniversityGwangju61186Korea Pohang Accelerator Laboratory POSTECHPohang37673Korea Center for Relativistic Laser Science Institute for Basic ScienceGwangju61005Korea Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics Department of PhysicsUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMaryland20742USA

Terahertz(Thz)waves,known as non-ionizing radiation owing to their low photon energies,can actually ionize atoms and molecules when a sufficiently large number of Thz photons are concentrated in time and ***,we demonstrate the generation of ionizing,multicycle,15-Thz waves emitted from large-area lithium niobate crystals via phase-matched optical rectification of 150-terawatt laser pulses.A complete characterization of the generated Thz waves in energy,pulse duration,and focal spot size shows that the field strength can reach up to 260 megavolts per *** particular,a single-shot Thz interferometer is employed to measure the Thz pulse duration and spectrum with complementary numerical *** intense Thz pulses are irradiated onto various solid targets to demonstrate Thz-induced tunneling ionization and plasma *** study also discusses the potential of nonperturbative Thz-driven ionization in gases,which will open up new opportunities,including nonlinear and relativistic Thz physics in plasma.

关键词： optical interferometer matched

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Influence of erbium on structural,and charged particles,photons,and neutrons shielding properties of Ba_(1-x)Er_(x)SnO_(3) perovskite ceramics

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第4期42卷 724-732页

作者： m.K.h.hamad Nidal Dwaikat m.h.A.mhareb m.I.Sayyed R.m.hamad Y.S.m.Alajerami m.A.Almessiere Gameel Saleh Ahmad hussein Alomari K.A.Ziq Department of Basic Sciences School of Social and Basics SciencesAl Hussein Technical UniversityKing Abdullah II St 242Amman11831Jordan Department of Physics College of Engineering and PhysicsInterdisciplinary Research Center for Advanced MaterialsKing Fahd University of Petroleum&MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia Department of Physics College of ScienceImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Basic and Applied Scientific Research Center Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP0.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceIsra UniversityAmman11622Jordan Department of Nuclear medicine Research Institute for Research and Medical Consultations(IRMC)Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityPo.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia medical Imaging Department Applied Medical Sciences FacultyAl Azhar University-Gaza CityPo.Box 1277Palestine Department of Biophysics Institute for Research and Medical Consultations(IRMC)Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityPo.Box1982Dammam 31441Saudi Arabia Department of Biomedical Engineering College of EngineeringImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityPo.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Energy&minerals Regulatory Commission Amman11821Jordan

Five perovskite ceramics samples of Ba_(1-x)Er_(x)SnO_(3) with x=0.00,0.05,0.10,0.15,and 0.20 were synthesized using the conventional solid-state reaction *** prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transforms infrared(FTIR),and UV-Vis *** shielding properties against ionizing radiation were also *** XRD analysis shows the perovskite cubic structure as the major phase in all *** FTIR reveals a distinctive band around 614-620 cm^(-1) ascribed to the antisymmetric O-Sn-O ***-Vis spectroscopy was used to determine the bandgap according to diffuse reflectance,and the results display a fixed enhancement in the bandgap from 3.2 to 3.3 eV for all ***-ray shielding properties of the synthesized samples were experimentally measured and compared with XCOm computational *** relative differences(Δ,%)between experimental and theo retical values are low and fall within the 0.446%-7.10%*** addition of Er leads to the enhanced density,neutron,and gamma shielding *** contrast,charged particles’shielding parameters gradually reduce with rising Er *** results suggest that Ba_(1-x)Er_(x)SnO_(3) samples can be used in different radiation shielding applications.

关键词： Perovskite Ceramics Gamma ray shielding mass stopping power Rare earths

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Effect of cold-working on corrosion induced damage in lug joints

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第6期36卷 175-182页

作者： Ramanath m.N Chikmath L. murthy h. Department of Aerospace Engineering Indian Institute of Technology-MadrasChennai 600036India Department of Aeronautical Engineering KLS Gogte Institute of TechnologyBelagavi 590008India

Lug joints are preferred joineries for transferring heavy loads to parent components in aerospace *** experience corrosion due to environmental conditions,improper surface finishes and rubbing displacement between the pin and *** causes damage of different sizes and shapes near the *** degradation due to corrosion-induced damage is modelled as a through-pit at one of the identified critical locations through stress *** effect of this pit on fatigue crack initiation life is ***-hole is pre-stressed by cold-working and the benefits of inducing plastic wake on the intended performance of the lug joint during the damages due to corrosion are brought out and compared with non-cold-worked *** analysis is performed on this lug joint with *** results obtained highlight the benefits of cold-working and the methodology can be extended to damage growth and analyse the effect of surface treatments for better structural integrity of components of aerospace vehicles.

关键词： Lug joint Corrosion Crack initiation Cold-working Structural integrity

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Stable operation of highly loaded pure Si-Fe anode under ambient pressure via carboxy silane-directed robust solid electrolyte interphase

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 568-576页

作者： Guntae Lim Dong Guk Kang hyeon Gyu Lee Yen hai Thi Tran Kihun An Junghyun Choi Kwang Chul roh Do Youb Kim Seung-Wan Song Department of Chemical Engineering&Applied Chemistry Chungnam National University Daejeon 34134Republic of Korea Energy Storage materials Center Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering&TechnologyJinju 52851Republic of Korea Advanced Energy materials Research Center Korea Research Institute of Chemical TechnologyDaejeon 34114Republic of Korea

Incorporation of higher content Si anode material beyond 5 wt% to Li-ion batteries(LIBs)is challenging,owing to large volume change,swelling,and solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)instability ***,a strategy of diacetoxydimethylsilane(DAmS)additive-directed SEI stabilization is proposed for a stable operation of Si-0.33FeSi_(2)(named as Si-Fe)anode without graphite,which provides siloxane inorganics and organics enrichment that compensate insufficient passivation of fluoroethylene carbonate(FEC)additive and reduce a dependence on *** stable cycling performance of highly loaded(3.5 mA h cm^(-2))pure Si-Fe anode is achieved with 2 wt%DAmS combined with 9 wt%FEC additives under ambient pressure,yielding high capacity 1270 mA h g^(-1)at 0.5 C and significantly improved capacity retention of 81% after 100 cycles,whereas short circuit and rapid capacity fade occur with FEC only ***-directed robust SEI layer dramatically suppresses swelling and particles crossover through separator,and therefore prevents short circuit,demonstrating a possible operation of pure Si or Sidominant anodes in the next-generation high-energy-density and safe LIBs.

关键词： high-energy Li-ion battery Pure Si-Fe anode without graphite Silane additive SEI layer Suppressed swelling

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