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Revealing the control of migratory fueling： An integrated approach combining laboratory and field studies in northern wheatears Oenanthe oenanthe

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Current Zoology 2013年第3期59卷 381-392页

作者： franz BAIRLEIN Volker DIERSCHKE Julia DELINGAT Cas EIKENAAR Ivan MAGGINI Marc BULTE Heiko SCHMALJOHANN Institute of Avian Research "Vogelwarte Helgoland" Wilhelmshaven Germany Gavia EcoResearch Toennhaeuser Dorfstr. 20 21423 Winsen (Luhe) Germany Advanced Facility for Avian Research University of Western Ontario 1151 Richmond Street London ON N6G 1G9 Canada

Migratory birds rely on fueling prior to migratory flights. Fueling in migrants is controlled by intrinsic as well as ex- trinsic factors. From captive studies we have started understanding the internal mechanisms controlling bird migration. Field studies have demonstrated the effects of external factors, such as food availability, weather, competitors, parasites or diseases, on the stopover behavior of migrants. However, an integrated approach is still missing to study coherently how the innate migration program interacts with the varying environmental cues and to estimate the contribution of the innate migration program and the environment to realized migration. The northern wheatear Oenanthe oenanthe offers a unique opportunity for integrated studies. It breeds across almost the whole Holarctic with just a ＂gap＂ between eastern Canada and Alaska. All breeding populations over- winter in sub-Saharan Africa which makes the northern wheatear one of the most long-distant migratory songbirds with extraor- dinary long non-stop flights across oceans. It is a nocturnal migrant which travels without parental or social aid/guidance. Thus, young birds rely entirely on endogenous mechanisms of timing, route selection and fueling on their first outbound migration. By establishing indoor housing under controlled conditions the endogenous control mechanisms of northern wheatear migration could be revealed. At the same time, environmental factors controlling fueling could be investigated in the field. On migration wheatears occur in a variety of habitats with sparse vegetation where their stopover behavior could be quantitatively studied in the light of ＂optimal migration＂ theory by the use of remote balances, radio-tagging and even experimentally manipulated food availability. The present paper summarizes our approach to understand the control of migration in northern wheatears by combin- ing field and laboratory studies at various spatial and temporal scales, and linking vario

关键词： Oenanthe oenanthe Fueling Stopover Optimal migration Predation risk Endogenous control Innate program Nocturnal restlessness Corticosterone

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Grbner bases in difference-differential modules and difference-differential dimension polynomials

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Science China Mathematics 2008年第9期51卷 1732-1752页

作者： franz WINKLER RISC-Linz J. Kepler University Linz A-4040 Linz Austria

In this paper we extend the theory of Grbner bases to difference-differential modules and present a new algorithmic approach for computing the Hilbert function of a finitely generated difference-differential module equipped with the natural filtration. We present and verify algorithms for construct-ing these Grbner bases counterparts. To this aim we introduce the concept of "generalized term order" on Nm ×Zn and on difference-differential modules. Using Grbner bases on difference-differential mod-ules we present a direct and algorithmic approach to computing the difference-differential dimension polynomials of a difference-differential module and of a system of linear partial difference-differential equations.

关键词： Grbner basis generalized term order difference-differential module difference-differential dimension polynomial

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Six Lectures on Sinanthropus pekinensis and Related Problems

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地质学报 1939年第1期 7-8+1-119页

作者： franz WEIDENREICH Peiping Union Medical College. Vietting Professor of Anatomy and Hon.Director Cenozoic Research Laboratory

The six subjects selected and combined into a common title rep-resent lectures delivered under various auspices in the United States andEurope during the spring and summer of *** Ⅲ constitutes the James Arthur Lectur... 详细信息

关键词： Six Lectures on Sinanthropus pekinensis and Related Problems

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THE TORUS OCCIPITALIS AND RELATED STUCTURES AND THEIR TRANSFORMATIONS IN THE COURSE OF HUMAN EVOLUTION

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地质学报 1939年第4期 481-547+549-566页

作者： franz WEIDENREICH Cenozoic Research Laboratory Peiping Union Medical College

In studying the dentition of Sinanthropus pekinensis (1937) Iarrived at the conclusion that the transformation of the primitive humantooth form into that of modern man follows a predetermined line,inasmuch

关键词： THE TORUS OCCIPITALIS AND RELATED STUCTURES AND THEIR TRANSFORMATIONS IN THE COURSE OF HUMAN EVOLUTION line

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Participatory and Integrated Research in Mountainous Regions of Thailand and Vietnam:Approaches and Lessons Learned

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Journal of Mountain Science 2006年第4期3卷 305-324页

作者： Andreas Neef franz Heidhues Karl Stahr Pittaya Sruamsiri University of Hohenheim Stuttgart Germany Chiang Mai University Thailand

Participatory and integrated research approaches employed by a long-term Thai- Vietnamese-German collaborative research program, ‘The Uplands Program’, that address the vicious circles of resource scarcity, environmental degrada- tion and rural poverty in mountainous regions of northern Thailand and northern Vietnam are discussed in this paper. We present two examples from the Thai component of the research program to show how different disciplines and stakeholders need to cooperate at different scales to make meaningful scientific contributions towards sustainable land use and rural development in mountainous regions. The case of resource conservation in the Thai highlands shows that local and scientific knowledge, conven- tional surveys and participatory modeling can be creatively combined. Integrated research on the potential of integrating fruit trees and associated technologies into mountain farming systems suggests that natural scientists have to work alongsideeconomists and social scientists to avoid harmful effects of purely technology-driven and productivity- enhancing approaches. The success of new technologies cannot be measured solely by adoption rates and yield increases, but also needs to take into account their long-term impact on various groups of farmers and the ecological, economic and social trade-offs that they entail. Technical and institutional innovations need to go hand in hand to provide viable livelihood opportunities for smallholder farmers in mountain watersheds. The major lesson learned from the first six years of our research in the mountains of Thailand and Vietnam is that conventional and participatory approaches are not antagonistic; if scientists from various disciplines and research paradigms are open-minded, the combination of both approaches can produce meaningful results that cater for the needs of both the academic community and local stakeholders in mountain environments.

关键词： Integrated research participatory approaches local and scientific knowledge Thailand Vietnam

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THE SINANTHROPUS POPULATION OF CHOUKOUTIEN(LOCALITYI)WITH A PRELIMINARY REPORT ON NEW DlSCOVERIES

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地质学报 1935年第4期 427-461+463-468+601-603页

作者： franz WEIDENREICH Cenozoic Research Laboratory Geological Survey of China Peiping Union Medical College and Department of Anatomy

1) The newly found specimens confirm the fact that Sinanthropusrepresents an independent hominid type distinctly inferior to Neanderthal manand showing definite anthropoid peculiarities in many features. 2) The teeth of Sinanthropus exceed in size those of recent andNeanderthal *** and molars are very complicated in their pattern,especially in regard to the abundance of wrinkles and they are hardly inferiorto those of chimpanzee,but they exceed them in coarseness. The upper canine of Sinanthropus is long and wide and projects re-markably like a tusk beyond the level of *** upper milk canine is isolated from both its neighbors by gaps,in the dentition of milk *** teeth ofrecent man,in crowns as well as in roots,are simplified and reduced in com-parison to those of Sinanthropus;this primitiveness is not basic but a secondaryacquisition. 3) The teeth（milk and permanent）of Sinanthropus are more variablein size than those of a corresponding population of recent ***,a sexual difference must be recognized like that of the Simiidae. 4) In two（three）of the four adult jaws there are hyperostoses—"Torus mandibularis"—on the inner side of the alveolar part,the largest ofwhich is situated just linguad of the alveolar septum between P;and P;.Thesame peculiarity may be found in prehistoric and in recent Chinese jaws and,according to Fürst,is very characteristic of the Mongolian racial group ofmankind,especially the Eskimo. 5) In Sinanthropus all upper incisors are very *** peculiarity too is found in the corresponding teeth of the recent Mongolianrace in sometimes nearly 100％ of the population. 6) The facts mentioned under 4) and 5) seem to prove that Sinan-thropus takes his place in the direct line leading to recent man and that amongpresent-day mankind the Mongolian group has the closest relation to Pekingman. 7) An inventory,of all specimens of Locality 1 leads to the con-clusion that the population of Choukoutien must have been c

关键词： LOCALITYI)WITH A PRELIMINARY REPORT ON NEW DlSCOVERIES THE SINANTHROPUS POPULATION OF CHOUKOUTIEN

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Rapid solidification and metastable phase formation during surface modifications of composite Al-Cr cathodes exposed to cathodic arc plasma

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第35期94卷 147-163页

作者： Mehran Golizadeh Francisca Mendez Martin Stefan Wurster Johann P.Mogeritsch Abdellah Kharicha Szilard Kolozsvári Christian Mitterer Robert franz Department of Materials Science Montanuniversitat LeobenFranz Josef-Straβe 188700 LeobenAustria Erich Schmid Institute of Materials Science Austrian Academy of SciencesJahnstraβe 12.8700 LeobenAustria Department of Metallurgy Montanuniversitat LeobenFranz Josef-Straβe 188700 LeobenAustria Plansee Composite Materials GmbH Siebenbiirgerstraβe 2386983 Lechbruck am SeeCermany

A combination of both conventional and advanced high-resolution characterization techniques was applied to study the modified layers on the surface of three composite Al-Cr arc cathodes with identical nominal composition of Al-50 at.%Cr but varying powder grain *** results revealed that the modified layers consist mainly of metastable phases such as Cr solid solution,high temperature cubic Al8 Cr5,supersaturated Al solid solution,and icosahedral *** metastable phase formation indicates that high cooling rates were involved during the solidification of molten material produced in the arc craters during cathode spot *** average cooling rate was estimated to be 10^(6)K/s based on secondary dendrite arm spacing measurements and supporting phase-field based *** formation mechanisms of the modified layers are discussed based on the obtained results and the current literature.

关键词： Cathodic arc Rapid solidification Quasicrystal Arc crater Macroparticle Phase-field simulation

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The New Discoveries of Sinanthropus pekinensis and Their Bearing on the Sinanthropus and Pithecanthropus Problems

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地质学报 1937年第S1期 439-470+538-539页

作者： franz WEIDENREICH Visiting Professor of Anatomy Peiping Union Medical College and Honorary Director of the Cenozoic Research Laboratory of the Geological Survey of China

In my publication on the Choukoutien population published lastyear I gave a list of all the Sinanthropus material available at that *** then only a few new discoveries have been made which, althoughfew in number, are ... 详细信息

关键词： bone over The New Discoveries of Sinanthropus pekinensis and Their Bearing on the Sinanthropus and Pithecanthropus Problems

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The Forerunner of Sinanthropus pekinensis

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地质学报 1937年第2期 137-144页

作者： franz WEIDENREICH Cenozoic Laboratory Geological Survey of China Visiting Professor of Anatomy Peiping Union Medical College and Honorary Director

The wealth of material of"Sinanthropus pekinensis"remains nowat our disposal enables us to define its typical character and to determinethat Sinanthropus undoubtedly represents the most primitive hominidknown *** Sina... 详细信息

关键词： The Forerunner of Sinanthropus pekinensis

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Introducing Cinematic Rendering: A Novel Technique for Post-Processing Medical Imaging Data

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2016年第3期9卷 170-175页

作者： franz A. Fellner Institute of Radiology Kepler University Clinic Medical Faculty of the Johannes Kepler University Linz Austria Medical Faculty of the Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg Erlangen Germany

Since the 1980s, various techniques have been used in the field of medicine for the post-processing of medical imaging data from computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR). They include multiplanar reformations (MPR), maximum intensity projection (MIP) and Volume Rendering (VR). This paper presents the prototype of a new means of post-processing radiological examinations such as CT and MR, a technique that, for the first time, provides photorealistic visualizations of the human body. This new procedure was inspired by the quality of images achieved by animation software such as programs used in the entertainment industry, particularly to produce animated films. Thus, the name: Cinematic Rendering. It is already foreseeable that this new method of depiction will quickly be incorporated into the set of instruments employed in socalled virtual anatomy (teaching anatomy through the use of radiological depictions of the human body via X-ray, CT and MR in addition to the use of computer animation programs designed especially for human anatomy). Its potential for medical applications will have to be evaluated by future scientific investigations.

关键词： Cinematic Rendering Volume Rendering Virtual Anatomy Computed Tomography (CT) Magnetic Resonance (MR)

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