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High levels of endemism among Galapagos basidiolichens

Fungal Diversity 2017年第4期85卷 45-73页

作者： Manuela Dal Forno frank.bungartz Alba Yanez-Ayabaca Robert Lücking James D.Lawrey Department of Botany Smithsonian InstitutionNational Museum of Natural History10th St&Constitution Ave NWWashingtonDC 20560USA Department of Environmental Science and Policy George Mason UniversityFairfaxVA 22030-4444USA Charles Darwin Foundation for the Galapagos Islands Puerto AyoraGalapagosEcuador School of Life Sciences Arizona State UniversityPO Box 874501TempeAZ 85287-4501USA Facultad de Ciencias Agricolas Universidad Central del EcuadorCiudadela UniversitariaQuitoEcuador Botanical Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin KoniginLuise-Straße 6–814195 BerlinGermany Science&Education The Field Museum1400 South Lake ShoreChicagoIL 60605USA

This study is a re-assessment of basidiolichen diversity in the Galapagos *** present a molecular phylogenetic analysis,based on 92 specimens from Galapagos,using two nuclear ribosomal DNA markers(ITS and nuLSU).We also re-examined the morphology and anatomy of all sequenced *** molecular results confirm our previous assessment that all Galapagos basidiolichens belong to the Dictyonema clade,which in Galapagos is represented by four genera:Acantholichen,Cora,Cyphellostereum,and *** species previously reported from Galapagos in these genera were at the time believed to represent widely distributed *** conclusion,however,has changed with the inclusion of molecular *** almost the same number of species is distinguished,the phylogenetic data now suggest that all are restricted to the Galapagos *** them,six species are proposed here as new to science,namely Cora galapagoensis,Cyphellostereum unoquinoum,Dictyonema barbatum,***,***,and ***;and four species have already been described previously,namely Acantholichen galapagoensis,Cora santacruzensis,Dictyonema pectinatum,and ***,here recombined as Cyphellostereum *** analysis is set on a very broad phylogenetic framework,which includes a large number of specimens(N=826)mainly from Central and South America,and therefore strongly suggests an unusually high level of endemism previously not *** analysis also shows that the closest relatives of half of the basidiolichens now found in Galapagos are from mainland Ecuador,implying that they reached the islands through the shortest route,with all species arriving on the islands through independent colonization events.

关键词： Lichens Systematics Biodiversity Evolution Lichenizedbasidiomycetes Galapagos

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A first assessment of Galapagos basidiolichens

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Fungal Diversity 2012年第1期52卷 225-244页

作者： Alba Yánez Manuela Dal-Forno frank.bungartz Robert Lücking James D.Lawrey Biodiversity Assessment Charles Darwin Foundation(AISBL)Puerto AyoraSanta CruzGalapagosEcuador Universidad Central del Ecuador QuitoEcuador Department of Environmental Science and Policy George Mason UniversityFairfaxVA 22030-4444USA Botany The Field Museum1400 South Lake Shore DriveChicagoIL 60605-2496USA

As part of an ongoing comprehensive inventory of Galapagos lichens,a first assessment of the morphology and anatomy of basidiolichens from the archipelago is presented *** is the basis for further studies of the taxonomy,ecology and biogeography of this poorly known group of *** genera,all in Hygrophoraceae,can be distinguished:Acantholichen,Cora,Cyphellostereum and *** Acantholichen and Cora are characterized by chroococcoid cyanobionts and a heteromerous thallus with a distinct upper cortex and photobiont *** monotypic Acantholichen pannarioides is entirely composed of small,branched,inflated squamules that appear densely pruinose because their cortical hyphae bear characteristically swollen,densely spinose end cells(acanthohyphidia);this species has never been observed *** common Cora glabrata is foliose,forming large,radially zonate,conch-like,often tiled thalli,when fertile with circular lines of basidiocarps on its lower *** is distinguished by filamentous cyanobionts and distinctly filamentous thalli that are homomereous(i.e.,not distinctly layered);all species of Dictyonema *** trichomes(filamentose cyanobacterial photobionts)closely enveloped by fungal cells of a jigsaw *** *** thallus filaments(i.e.,individual fibrils)aggregate to form shelf-like structures similar in appearance to polyporoid bracket fungi;basidiocarps develop in irregular patches on the lower side of these *** contrast,fibrils of *** grow encrusting their substrate with irregularly to suberect trichomes,occasionally bearing basidiocarps dispersed across the *** other species in Galapagos show adpressed growth form and are described here as new:Dictyonema pectinatum,which is characterized by large parallel fibrils with paler,papillate tips,and ***,characterized by thin trichomes of more squarrish elongate *** genus Cyphellostereum is represented by two species:the newly describ

关键词： Census of Galapagos Biodiversity Galapagos Lichen Inventory Acantholichen Cora Cyphellostereum Dictyonema

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Impact on Soil Organic C and Total Soil N from Cool- and Warm-Season Legumes Used in a Green Manure-Forage Cropping System

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 333-357页

作者： Clark B. Neely Francis M. Rouquette Jr. Cristine L.S. Morgan frank M. Hons William L. Rooney Gerald R. Smith Department of Soil and Crop Science Washington State University Pullman WA USA Texas A&M AgriLife Research Overton TX USA Chief Scientific Officer Soil Health Institute Morrisville NC USA Department of Soil and Crop Science Texas A&M University College Station TX USA

Annual forage legumes are important components of livestock production systems in East Texas and the southeastern US. Forage legumes contribute nitrogen (N) to cropping systems through biological N fixation, and their seasonal biomass production can be managed to complement forage grasses. Our research objectives were to evaluate both warm- and cool-season annual forage legumes as green manure for biomass, N content, ability to enhance soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil N, and impact on post season forage grass crops. Nine warm-season forage legumes (WSL) were spring planted and incorporated as green manure in the fall. Forage rye (Secale cereale L.) was planted following the incorporation of WSL treatments. Eight cool-season forage legumes (CSL) were fall planted in previously fallow plots and incorporated as green manure in late spring. Sorghum-sudangrass (Sorghum bicolor x Sorghum bicolor var. sudanense) was planted over all treatments in early summer after forage rye harvest and incorporation of CSL treatments. Sorghum-sudangrass was harvested in June, August and September, and treatments were evaluated for dry matter and N concentration. Soil cores were taken from each plot, split into depths of 0 to 15, 15 to 30 and 30 to 60 cm, and soil C and N were measured using combustion analysis. Nylon mesh bags containing plant samples were buried at 15 cm and used to evaluate decomposition rate of above ground legume biomass, including change in C and N concentrations. Mungbean (Vigna radiata L. [Wilczek]) had the highest shoot biomass yield (6.24 t DM ha-1) and contributed the most total N (167 kg∙ha-1) and total C (3043 kg∙ha-1) of the WSL tested. Decomposition rate of WSL biomass was rapid in the first 10 weeks and very slow afterward. Winter pea (Pisum sativum L. spp. sativum), arrow leaf clover (Trifolium vesiculosum Savi.), and crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.) were the most productive CSL in this trial. Austrian winter pea

关键词： Annual Legumes Soil N Soil Organic C Green Manure Deer Browse Forage Cropping Systems

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Legume Green Manure and Intercropping for High Biomass Sorghum Production

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第6期15卷 605-621页

作者： Clark B. Neely Francis M. Rouquette Jr. Cristine L. S. Morgan frank M. Hons William L. Rooney Gerald R. Smith Department of Soil and Crop Science Washington State University Pullman WA USA Texas A&M AgriLife Research Overton TX USA Soil Health Institute Morrisville NC USA Department of Soil and Crop Science Texas A&M University College Station TX USA

Before the advent of cheap, synthetic fertilizers, legumes were commonly used as green manure crops for their ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen (N). A three-year study at Overton, TX examined legume integration into high-biomass sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) production systems on a Lilbert loamy fine sand recently cultivated after a fertilized bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] pasture. In this split-split plot design, ‘Dixie’ crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.) and ‘Iron and Clay’ cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) were integrated into a high-biomass sorghum production system to evaluate impacts on N concentration, C concentration, and yield of high-biomass sorghum and their impacts on soil total N and soil organic carbon (SOC). Main plots were split into crimson clover green manure (CLGM) and winter fallow (FALL) followed by three sub-plots split into warm-season crop rotations: cowpea green manure (CPGM), cowpea-sorghum intercrop (CPSR), and sorghum monocrop (SORG). Three N fertilizer treatments (0, 45, 90 kg N∙ha−1) were randomized and applied as sub-sub plots. The CLGM increased (P sorghum biomass yield (16.5 t DM∙ha−1) 28% in year three but had no effect in the first two years. The CPSR treatment reduced sorghum yield up to 62% compared to SORG;whereas CPGM increased sorghum yield 56% and 18% the two years following cowpea incorporation. Rate of N fertilizer had no effect on sorghum biomass yield. Decrease in SOC and soil N over time indicated mineralization of organic N and may explain why no N fertilizer response was observed in sorghum biomass yield. Cowpea showed strong potential as a green manure crop but proved to be too competitive for successful intercropping in high-biomass sorghum production systems.

关键词： High-Biomass Sorghum Legumes Green Manure Intercrop Cowpea Crimson Clover Soil Organic Carbon Soil Nitrogen

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中国留学生跨文化能力发展探究——以中国在英留学生为例

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武汉冶金管理干部学院学报 2024年第2期34卷 43-47页

作者：徐航张鑫长春光华学院跨文化研究院吉林长春130033 云南师范大学外国语学院云南昆明650500

随着后疫情时代的到来和中美局势的发展,目前英国已经成为中国学生出国留学的首选之地。以20位留英中国学生为研究对象,首先借助Bennett的跨文化敏感性发展模型来剖析他们留学英国过程中的跨文化能力发展状态;进而从Byram的跨文化能力... 详细信息

随着后疫情时代的到来和中美局势的发展,目前英国已经成为中国学生出国留学的首选之地。以20位留英中国学生为研究对象,首先借助Bennett的跨文化敏感性发展模型来剖析他们留学英国过程中的跨文化能力发展状态;进而从Byram的跨文化能力模型视角出发,探讨国内高校在培养学生跨文化能力方面可以从中得到的借鉴和启示。

关键词：中国留学生跨文化能力跨文化敏感性中国在英留学生

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含双腐蚀缺陷管道的氢浓度分布模拟

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中国腐蚀与防护学报 2024年第2期44卷 335-344页

作者：郭诗雯吴浩志董绍华陈林程玉峰中国石油大学(北京)安全与海洋工程学院北京102249 中国石油大学(北京)应急管理部油气生产安全与应急技术重点实验室北京102249 Schulich School of Engineering University of CalgaryCalgary T2N 1N4

为了研究含双腐蚀缺陷管道上的氢浓度分布规律,本文建立了应力场和氢扩散场耦合的有限元模型,针对双腐蚀缺陷间的应力耦合行为,探究了腐蚀缺陷长度、缺陷间距以及管道所受拉伸应变对管材中氢扩散富集行为的影响机制。结果表明,腐蚀缺陷... 详细信息

为了研究含双腐蚀缺陷管道上的氢浓度分布规律,本文建立了应力场和氢扩散场耦合的有限元模型,针对双腐蚀缺陷间的应力耦合行为,探究了腐蚀缺陷长度、缺陷间距以及管道所受拉伸应变对管材中氢扩散富集行为的影响机制。结果表明,腐蚀缺陷的存在导致氢原子在管道内发生局部富集,富集区最大氢浓度数值随拉伸应变的增大和缺陷长度的减小而升高,同时,最大氢浓度位置发生改变。而双缺陷在间距足够大时不再对氢扩散和富集产生叠加影响,可看作两个独立的缺陷。研究成果为含双腐蚀缺陷管道在输氢环境中的安全评价提供了理论支撑。

关键词：双腐蚀缺陷氢分布有限元模拟 X52 管线钢

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Selected Recent Applications of Sparse Grids

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Numerical Mathematics(Theory,Methods and Applications) 2015年第1期8卷 47-77页

作者： Benjamin Peherstorfer Christoph Kowitz Dirk Pfluger Hans-Joachim bungartz Scientific Computing Group Dept.of Computer ScienceBoltzmannstr.385748 GarchingGermany Institutefor Advanced Study Technische UniversitätMünchenLichtenbergstr.2a85748 GarchingGermany Institute for Parallel and Distributed Systems University of StuttgartUni-versitätsstr.3870569 StuttgartGermany

Sparse grids have become a versatile tool for a vast range of applications reaching from interpolation and numerical quadrature to data-driven problems and uncertainty *** review four selected real-world applications of sparse grids:financial product pricing with the Black-Scholes model,interactive explo-ration of simulation data with sparse-grid-based surrogate models,analysis of simu-lation data through sparse grid data mining methods,and stability investigations of plasma turbulence simulations.

关键词： Sparse grids hierarchical decomposition adaptivity combination technique

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差异化城市社区养老服务的适应性供给

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贵州师范大学学报（社会科学版） 2024年第1期 97-106页

作者：龙斧李玉霞武汉大学社会学院湖北武汉430072 武汉大学战略决策研究中心湖北武汉430072 昆山杜克大学江苏昆山235100

当前,我国城市人口老龄化、高龄化现象严重,城市养老服务的供给压力随之越来越大。基于适应性供给研究视角发现,在城市化水平、社区治理能力、社区区位等因素共同作用下,社区资源禀赋及其形塑的社区支持体系差异化程度不断扩大,这就要... 详细信息

当前,我国城市人口老龄化、高龄化现象严重,城市养老服务的供给压力随之越来越大。基于适应性供给研究视角发现,在城市化水平、社区治理能力、社区区位等因素共同作用下,社区资源禀赋及其形塑的社区支持体系差异化程度不断扩大,这就要求城市社区养老服务开展分类式、针对性供给。研究通过对武汉城市社区的调研,以适应性供给为视角,发现新开发商品房社区适宜以市场化为导向走“企业+养老”服务供给模式;后单位制社区适宜依托内生力量发展社会性互助养老;棚改、村转居社区应注重政府行政力量的介入,优先解决老年人基础性公共福利及养老公共服务,满足老年人群体多元化需求。

关键词：社区养老服务社区资源适应性供给资源禀赋

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A Comprehensive Review of Redirected Walking Techniques:Taxonomy,Methods,and Future Directions

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2022年第3期37卷 561-583页

作者：李奕君 frank Steinicke 汪淼 State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems School of Computer Science and EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Department of Informatics Universität HamburgHamburg 20146Germany Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen 518055China

Virtual reality(VR)allows users to explore and experience a computer-simulated virtual environment so that VR users can be immersed in a totally artificial virtual world and interact with arbitrary virtual ***,the limited physical tracking space usually restricts the exploration of large virtual spaces,and VR users have to use special locomotion techniques to move from one location to *** these techniques,redirected walking(RDW)is one of the most natural locomotion techniques to solve the problem based on near-natural walking *** core idea of the RDW technique is to imperceptibly guide users on virtual paths,which might vary from the paths they physically walk in the real *** a similar way,some RDW algorithms imperceptibly change the structure and layout of the virtual environment such that the virtual environment fits into the tracking *** this survey,we first present a taxonomy of existing RDW *** on this taxonomy,we compare and analyze both contributions and shortcomings of the existing methods in detail,and find view manipulation methods offer satisfactory visual effect but the experience can be interrupted when users reach the physical boundaries,while virtual environment manipulation methods can provide users with consistent movement but have limited application ***,we discuss possible future research directions,indicating combining artificial intelligence with this area will be effective and intriguing.

关键词： virtual reality locomotion redirected walking

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Exome sequencing identifies a likely causative variant in 53%of families with ciliopathy-related features on renal ultrasound after excluding NPHP1 deletions

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第5期11卷 40-43页

作者： Konstantin Deutsch Verena Klambt Thomas M.Kitzler Tilman Jobst-Schwan Ronen Schneider Florian Buerger Steve Seltzsam Sherif El Desoky Jameela A.Kari Farkhanda Hafeez Maria Szczepanska Loai A.Eid Hazem S.Awad Muna Al-Saffar Neveen A.Soliman Velibor Tasic Camille Nicolas-frank Kirollos Yousef Luca M.Schierbaum Sophia Schneider Abdul Halawi Izzeldin Elmubarak Katharina Lemberg Shirlee Shril Shrikant M.Mane Nancy Rodig Friedhelm Hildebrandt Division of Nephrology Department of PediatricsBoston Children’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02215USA Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology Nephrology and Metabolic DiseasesCharite Universitatsmedizin BerlinBerlin 13353Germany Berlin Institute of Health at Charitee Universitatsmedizin Berlin BIH Biomedical Innovation AcademyBIH Charite Clinician Scientist ProgramBerlin 10178Germany Department of Nephrology and Hypertension FriedrichAlexander-Universitat Erlangen-NurnbergErlangen 91054Germany Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine King Abdulaziz UniversityPediatric Nephrology Center of ExcellenceKing Abdulaziz University HospitalJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Department of Pediatric Nephrology The Children’s Hospital and Institute of Child HealthLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medical Sciences in ZabrzeMedical University of Silesia in KatowiceKatowice 40-752Poland Dubai Hospital and Al-Jalila Children’s Specialty Hospital Kidney Center of ExcellenceDubai 4545United Arab Emirates Department of Genetics and Genomics UAE UniversityAbu Dhabi 15551United Arab Emirates Department of Pediatrics Division of Genetics and GenomicsBoston Children’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02215USA Department of Pediatrics Center of Pediatric Nephrology and TransplantationKasr Al Ainy School of MedicineCairo UniversityCairo 11562Egypt Egypt Center for Research and Regenerative Medicine(ECRRM) Cairo 11511Egypt Medical Faculty Skopje University Children’s HospitalSkopje 1000North Macedonia Department of Genetics Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06520USA

Nephronophthisis-related ciliopathies(NPHP-RC)represent one of the most common causes of chronic kidney disease in the first three decades of life and are characterized by a broad genetic and clinical heterogeneity.1 To date,more than 90 genes have been identified that cause autosomalrecessive NPHP-RC if mutated,accounting for up to 60%of cases.1 Among these,homozygous deletions of NPHP1 are the most common *** genes localize to primary cilia,basal bodies,or the centrosome and lead to a primary ciliary disruption if mutated,thereby causing a broad phenotypical spectrum.1 Patients that suffer from NPHP-RC can either have an isolated renal phenotype,such as polyuria,polydipsia,decreased urinary concentration ability,and secondary enuresis due to loss of tubular function,or present with extrarenal symptoms including retinal degeneration,cerebellar vermis hypoplasia,or hepatic *** are often diagnosed in early adolescence,reaching end-stage renal disease before 25 years of age,but early onset and rapidly progressive forms of NPHP-RC also exist.1 Renal ultrasound indicates kidneys of normal or reduced renal length with increased echogenicity and corticomedullary cysts.

关键词： degeneration urinary likely

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