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Evaluation of strategies for the subsequent use of CO_(2)

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2010年第2期4卷 172-183页

作者： marc SCHAEFER frank BEHRENDt thomas HAmmER Berlin Institute of technology Institute for Energy Process Engineering and Conversion Technologies for Renewable EnergiesBerlin 10623Germany Siemens AG Corporate TechnologyCT PS 591052 ErlangenGermany

If substantial amounts of CO_(2),which according to actual scenarios may in the future be captured from industrial processes and power generation,shall be utilized effectively,scalable energy efficient technologies will be ***,a survey was performed to assess a large variety of applications utilizing CO_(2) chemically(e.g.,production of synthesis-gas,methanol synthesis),biologically(e.g.,CO_(2) as fertilizer in green houses,production of algae),or physically(enhancement of fossil fuel recovery,use as refrigerant).For each of the processes,material and energy balances were set *** with pure CO_(2) at standard conditions,expenditure for transport and further process specific treatment were *** on these calculations,the avoidance of greenhouse gas emissions by applying the discussed technologies was *** on the currently available technologies,applications for enhanced fossil fuel recovery turn out to be most attractive regarding the potential of utilizing large quantities of CO_(2)(total capacity>1000 Gt CO_(2))and producing significant amounts of marketable products on one hand and having good energy and material balances on the other hand(t_(CO_(2)-emitted)/t_(CO_(2)-utilized)theless,large scale chemical fixation of CO_(2)providing valuable products like fuels is worth considering,if carbon-free energy sources are used to provide the process energy and H2 being essential as a reactant in a lot of chemical processes(e.g.,production of DmE:t_(CO_(2)-emitted)/t_(CO_(2)-utilized)>0.34).Biological processes such as CO_(2) fixation using microalgae look attractive as long as energy and CO_(2) balance are ***,the development of effective photobioreactors for growing algae with low requirements for footprint area is a challenge.

关键词： CO_(2) utilization survey energy balances synthesis-gas green houses micro-algae fossil fuel recovery

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Predictors of colorectal cancer testing using the California Health Inventory Survey

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第8期19卷 1247-1255页

作者： Alexandra modiri Kian makipour Javier Gomez frank Friedenberg Section of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineTemple University HospitalPhiladelphiaPA 19140United States

AIm:to identify key variables associated with colon cancer testing using the 2009 California Health Inventory Survey(CHIS).mEtHODS:the CHIS has been conducted biennially since 2001 using a two-stage,geographically stratified random-digit-dial sample design to produce a representative sample of the entire *** this study we used survey data from 2001-2009 *** restricted our analysis to White,Black,and Hispanic/Latinos aged 50-80 *** data was used to calculate the proportion of participants who underwent some form of colon cancer testing(colonoscopy,flexible sigmoidoscopy or fecal occult blood testing) within the previous 5 years stratified by race/*** inferential analysis,boot-strapping with replacement was performed on the weighted sample to attain variance estimates at the 95%*** mean differences among categories we used t-tests and for comparisons of categorical data we used Pearson's χ *** logistic regression was used to identify independent variables associated with undergoing some form of *** analysis was performed to determine rates of testing over the study period stratified by ***:the CHIS database for 2009 had 30 857 unique respondents corresponding to a weighted sample size of 10.6 million ***,63.0%(63.0-63.1) underwent a colon cancer test within the previous 5 years;with 70.5%(70.5%-70.6%) of this subset having undergone *** is 44.5%(44.4%-44.5%) of all individuals 50-80 underwent *** multivariable regression,those tested were more likely to be male(OR = 1.06;95%CI:1.06-1.06),Black(OR = 1.30;95%CI:1.30-1.31),have a family member with colon cancer(OR = 1.71;95%CI:1.70-1.72),and have health insurance(OR = 2.71;95%CI:2.70-2.72).Progressive levels above the poverty line were also associated with receiving a test(100%-199%:1.21;1.20-1.21),(200%-299%:1.41;1.40-1.42),(> 300:1.69;1.68-1.70).the strongest variable was physician recommendation(OR = 3.90;95%CI:3.88

关键词： California Health Inventory Survey Colon cancer testing Colonoscopy Hispanic

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Nano-chromium picolinate and heat stress enhance insulin sensitivity in cross-bred sheep

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第2期13卷 173-184页

作者： Alex t.Hung Brian J.Leury matthew A.Sabin Fahri Fahri Kristy DiGiacomo tu-Fa Lien frank R.Dunshea Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences The University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia murdoch Children's Research Institute The University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia Department of Animal Science National Chiayi UniversityChiayiChina Faculty of Biological Sciences The University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUnited Kingdom

this study evaluated the effects of heat stress(HS)and dietary nano chromium picolinate(nCrPic)on metabolic responses of sheep to an intravenous glucose tolerance test(IVGtt),an intravenous insulin tolerance test(Itt)and an intramuscular adrenocorticotropin hormone(ACtH)challenge in ***-six sheep housed in metabolic cages were randomly allocated within 3 dietary groups(0,400 and 800 mg/kg supplemental nCrPic)to either thermoneutral(22℃)or cyclic HS(22 to 40℃)conditions for 3 *** plasma glucose tended to be increased during HS(P=0.052)and decreased by dietary nCrPic(P=0.013)while plasma non-esterified fatty acid concentrations were decreased(P=0.010)by ***-etary nCrPic reduced the plasma glucose area under the curve(P=0.012)while there were no significant effects of HS on plasma glucose area under the curve in response to the *** plasma insulin response over the first 60 min after the IVGtt was decreased by HS(P=0.013)and dietary nCrPic(P=0.022)with the effects being *** response to the Itt plasma glucose reached a nadir sooner(P=0.005)in sheep exposed to HS,although there was no effect on the depth of the *** nCrPic decreased(P=0.007)the plasma glucose nadir after *** the duration of the Itt plasma insulin concentrations were lower in sheep exposed to HS(P=0.013)whereas there was no significant effect of supplemental *** was no effect of either HS or nCrPic on cortisol response to *** nCrPic supple-mentation decreased(P=0.013)mitogen-activated protein kinase-8(JNK)and increased(P=0.050)carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1B(CPt1B)mRNA expression in skeletal *** of this experiment demonstrated that animals under HS and supplemented with nCrPic had greater insulin sensitivity.

关键词： Chromium picolinate Sheep Heat stress Insulin sensitivity

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Disagreement in middle ear volume estimation between tympanometry and three-dimensional volume reconstruction in the context of tympanic membrane perforation

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Journal of Otology 2017年第2期12卷 74-79页

作者： David J.Carpenter Debara L.tucci David m.Kaylie Dennis O.frank-Ito Division of Head and Neck Surgery&Communication Sciences Department of SurgeryDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNCUSA Computational Biology&Bioinformatics PhD Program Duke UniversityDurhamNCUSA Department of mechanical Engineering and materials Science Duke UniversityDurhamNCUSA

Introduction: middle ear volume(mEV) is a clinically relevant parameter across middle ear diseases. mEV values between these techniques have never before been tested for agreement in ears with perforated tympanic membranes(tms).methods: middle ears were identified from 36 patients ranging 18-89 years of age with tm perforations who underwent tympanometry and temporal bone computed tomography(Ct) between 2005 and 2015. mEVs calculated by both tympanometry and three-dimensional volume reconstruction(3DVR) were analyzed for agreement using Bland Altman plots. the differences between tympanometric and 3DVR mEV values for each given middle ear were characterized across mEV quartiles(1= smallest; 4= largest) and across increasing states of middle ear disease using Kruskale Wallis and Wilcoxon testing with Bonferroni ***: Bland Altman plots demonstrated significant disagreement between mEV measurement techniques. Differences between tympanometric(t) and 3DVR mEV values were significantly greater with increasing average(i.e.(tt3DVR)/2)) mEV per linear regression(p monstrated between fourth and first average mEV quartiles(p= 0.0024), fourth and second quartiles(p= 0.0024), third and first quartiles(p= 0.0048), and third and second quartiles(p= 0.048). Absolute mEV difference was not significantly different across varying states of middle ear disease(p= 0.44).Conclusion: Statistically and clinically significant disagreement was demonstrated between tympanometric and 3DVR mEV values. Studies that vary in mEV estimation techniques may be expected to demonstrate significantly different results. these preliminary results suggest that clinicians should endeavor to seek further confirmation when interpreting high tympanometric mEV values.

关键词： middle ear volume tympanometry three-dimensional volume reconstruction tympanic membrane perforation

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Existence of 4-fold Perfect (v, {5, 8}, 1)-mendelsohn Designs

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Acta mathematica Sinica,English Series 2010年第3期26卷 445-464页

作者： ming Xiao XIANG Yun Qing XU frank E. BENNEtt Department of mathematics Ningbo University Ningbo 315211 P. R. China Department of mathematics Mount Saint Vincent University Halifax Nova Scotia B3M 2J6 Canada

Let v be a positive integer and let K be a set of positive integers. A （v, K, 1）-mendelsohn design, which we denote briefly by （v, K, 1）-mD, is a pair （X, B） where X is a v-set （of points） and B is a collection of cyclically ordered subsets of X （called blocks） with sizes in the set K such that every ordered pair of points of X are consecutive in exactly one block of B. If for all t =1, 2,..., r, every ordered pair of points of X are t-apart in exactly one block of B, then the （v, K, 1）-mD is called an r-fold perfect design and denoted briefly by an r-fold perfect （v, K, 1）-mD. If K = {k） and r = k - 1, then an r-fold perfect （v, （k）, 1）-mD is essentially the more familiar （v, k, 1）-perfect mendelsohn design, which is briefly denoted by （v, k, 1）-PmD. In this paper, we investigate the existence of 4-fold perfect （v, （5, 8}, 1）-mendelsohn designs.

关键词： mendelsohn design transversal design group divisible desiga

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the anatomic determinants of conductive hearing loss secondary to tympanic membrane perforation

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Journal of Otology 2017年第3期12卷 125-131页

作者： David J.Carpenter Debara L.tucci David m.Kaylie Dennis O.frank-Ito Division of Head and Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences Department of Surgery Duke University Medical Center Durham NC USA Computational Biology & Bioinformatics PhD Program Duke University Durham NC USA Department of mechanical Engineering and materials Science Duke University Durham NC USA

Objectives: Recent studies have introduced middle ear volume(mEV) as a novel determinant of perforation-induced conductive hearing loss(CHL) in a mechanism driven by trans-tympanic membrane pressure differences. the primary aims of this preliminary report are to: 1) correlate CHL with perforation size; 2) describe the relationship between CHL and mEV; and 3) compare CHL across a range of cholesteatoma ***: A retrospective pilot study was performed in 31 subjects with audiometry indicative of conductive hearing loss, temporal bone Ct scans,and no prior middle ear surgery. Perforation size and mEV were analyzed with respect to CHL in a cohort of 10 perforated ears with no cholesteatoma. CHLs were compared in 3 groups defined by extent of cholesteatoma ***: Ears with large and small perforations showed mean ABG values of 32.0 ± 15.7 dB and 16.0 ± 16.4 dB, respectively. A direct relationship was observed between mEV and CHL for ears with large perforations across all frequencies, whereas this relationship for small perforations was frequency-dependent. Finally, a statistically significant increase in CHL was found across ears with increasing cholesteatoma involvement at 1000 Hz(X^2(2) = 9.786, p = 0.008),2000 Hz(x^2(2) = 8.455, p = 0.015),and 4000 Hz(x^2(2)= 8.253, p = 0.016).Conclusions: these pilot data suggest that greater perforation-induced conductive hearing losses may be associated with larger perforation sizes and cholesteatoma. the correlation between mEV and CHL may require additional study.

关键词： Perforation-induced hearing loss Conductive hearing loss middle ear volume three-dimensional volume reconstruction

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Consensus controller for multi-UAV navigation

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Control theory and technology 2018年第2期16卷 110-121页

作者： Patrik KOLARIC Ci CHEN Ankur DALAL frank L. LEWIS UtA Research Institute University of Texas at Arlington 7300 Jack Newell Bird S Fort Worth TX 76118 U.S.A. School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology Guangdong Key Laboratory of lot Information technology Guangzhou Guangzhou 510006 China State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries Northeastern University Shenyang Liaoning 110819 China

In this paper, we design consensus algorithms for multiple unmanned aerial vehicles （UAV）. We mainly focus on the control design in the face of measurement noise and propose a position consensus controller based on the sliding mode control by using the distributed UAV information. Within the framework of Lyapunov theory, it is shown that all signals in the closed-loop multi- UAV systems are stabilized by the proposed algorithm, while consensus errors are uniformly ultimately bounded. moreover, for each local UAV, we propose a mechanism to define the trustworthiness, based on which the edge weights are tuned to eliminate negative influence from stubborn agents or agents exposed to extremely noisy measurement. Finally, we develop software for a nano UAV platform, based on which we implement our algorithms to address measurement noises in UAV flight tests. the experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.

关键词： Consensus control multi-agent system quadrotor Lyapunov stability distributed system

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time Dependent Surface Heat transfer in Light Weight Aggregate Cement Based materials

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Engineering（科研） 2010年第5期2卷 307-317页

作者： Hung t. Nguyen frank melandso Stefan Jacobsen 不详

Surface temperature changes of building materials affect the calculation of heat flow and thus the energy use in heating and cooling. the surface heat transfer coefficient , limiting the heat flow between material surface and ambient air is normally taken as a constant. In this study we propose a time-dependent function . We estimate from unidirectional heat flow experiments with transient and steady-state conditions. Using temperature measurements and the conservation of energy at the surface including convective and irradiative boundary conditions, the value of was obtained both using Finite Difference and taylor Polynomials methods. Numerical solutions of temperature distribution as function of time were improved with the obtained -functions compared to with constant . there were no clear difference between on different materials, and the final values observed were in the order of magnitude expected from the literature.

关键词： Heat Flow Surface Heat transfer Coefficient Numerical methods Light Weight Aggregate Cements Based materials

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turning Research into Action: Using Factor Analysis to Enhance Program Evaluation

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2013年第4期3卷 298-307页

作者： Ruth Wetta Lisette t. Jacobson frank Dong Department of Preventive medicine and Public Health University of Kansas School of Medicine Kansas City USA

Purpose: Sexual activity among adolescents in the United States remains high. Nearly 46% of students grades 9-12 have engaged in sexual intercourse. One of the more recent statistical tools employed in evaluation efforts includes factor analysis. the objective of this study was to investigate the underlying dimensions of a survey instrument that assesses a youth character development program, which focuses on avoiding high-risk behaviors. method: the 76-item survey instrument was administered to adolescents (age 12-18). During the 2009-2010 school year, 652 participants in the intervention group and 1110 participants in the comparison group completed the pre-, post-, and 6-month follow-up survey. Results: Using Ajzen’s theory of planned behavior groupings, 27 survey items were selected. through iterative principal axis factoring, four factors were extracted and rotated. A visual scree plot was generated to determine the number of acceptable factors. the extracted factors accounted for 52.53% of the total variance. Factors were subjected to Equimax rotation with Kaiser normalization and converged after six iterations. Variables with patterned weights less than 0.44 were excluded. A reliability analysis demonstrated internal consistency. Conclusions: Identified factors included: 1) teenagers’ attitudes toward sexual health behaviors;2) teenagers’ perceptions of the consequences of sexual health behaviors;3) Parental or guardian expectations;and 4) teenagers’ relationships with parents or guardians. this study’s results indicated that all factors can be described within Ajzen’s theoretical framework consistent with previous research findings. Results may be used to enhance delivery of the intervention.

关键词： Adolescent Behavior Adolescent Health Services Evaluation methodology Evaluation Studies Factor Analysis Program Evaluation teen Sexual Health

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Reducing unnecessary crossmatching for hip fracture patients by accounting for preoperative hemoglobin concentration

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2021年第5期12卷 292-300页

作者： Raj m Amin Varun Puvanesarajah Yash P Chaudhry matthew J Best Sandesh S Rao Steven m frank Erik A Hasenboehler Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Stanford University Medical CenterStanfordCA 94305United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Johns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21205United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Philadelphia College of Osteopathic MedicinePhiladelphiaPA 19122United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMD 02114United States Department of Anesthesiology Critical Care MedicineBaltimoreMD 21205United States Department of Orthopaedics Johns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21205United States

BACKGROUND maximum surgical blood order schedules were designed to eliminate unnecessary preoperative crossmatching prior to surgery in order to conserve blood bank *** protocols recommend type and cross of 2 red blood cell(RBC)units for patients undergoing surgery for treatment of hip *** hemoglobin has been identified as the strongest predictor of inpatient transfusion,but current maximum surgical blood order schedules do not consider preoperative hemoglobin values to determine the number of RBC units to prepare prior to *** to determine the preoperative hemoglobin level resulting in the optimal 2:1 crossmatch-to-transfusion(C:t)ratio in hip fracture surgery *** In 2015 a patient blood management(PBm)program was implemented at our institution mandating a single unit-per-occurrence transfusion policy and a restrictive transfusion threshold ofmoglobin in asymptomatic patients andthose with refractory symptomatic anemia or history of coronary artery *** identified all hip fracture patients between 2013 and 2017 and compared the preoperative hemoglobin which would predict a 2:1 C:t ratio in the pre PBm and post PBm *** profiling and sensitivity analysis were performed with statistical significance set at Pty-eight patients who underwent hip fracture surgery between 2013 and 2017 were identified,291 in the post PBm *** requirements in the post PBm cohort were lower(51%vs 33%,Pthan in the pre PBm *** mean RBC units transfused per patient was 1.15 in the pre PBm cohort,compared to 0.66 in the post PBm cohort(Pthe 2:1 C:t ratio(inpatient transfusion probability of 50%)was predicted by a preoperative hemoglobin of 12.3 g/dL[area under the curve(AUC)0.78(95%confidence interval(CI),0.72-0.83),Sensitivity 0.66]in the pre PBm cohort and 10.7 g/dL[AUC 0.78(95%CI,0.73-0.83),Sensitivity 0.88]in the post PBm cohort.A

关键词： Hip fracture transfusion Blood conservation Hemoglobin type and cross maximum surgical blood order schedule

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