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Journal of Earth Science 2010年第6期21卷 861-869页

作者： Carsten frank Friedhelm Schroeder Wilhelm Petersen Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht GmbH Institute for Coastal Research

The building of the Three Gorges Dam （Hubei （湖北） Province, China） has transformed a region with an economy based on sustainable agriculture for millennia into an entirely different environment within an exceptionally short time. This disrupts the natural biogeochemieal cycles of carbon, nutrients, and metals and possibly will affect the whole catchment including downstream ecosystems, such as wetlands, estuaries, deltas, and adjacent sea areas. Starting from changes that have already been documented, this article concentrates on the possible use of a ＂FerryBox＂, which is an automated water quality measurement system on board a ship or on shore, to monitor the short and long term development of the quality of the river water in the backwater area and downstream of the dam. While there are already research programmes running to monitor the water quality of the river and the backwater area, these programs are limited to ship campaigns with sampling and laboratory analysis. The spatial and temporal resolution of such measurements is not sufficient for an overall assessment of the water quality and for prognoses in the context of anthropogenic and climate change. Therefore, a concept of applying regular automated observations by a FerryBox is presented. It is shown that such systems are very well suited to give feedback for the assessment of measures to improve the water quality.

关键词： Three Gorges Dam Yangtze River eutrophication FerryBox.

Comparative assessment of the thermal tolerance of spotted stemborer, Chilo partellus （Lepidoptera： Crambidae） and its larval parasitoid, Cotesia sesamiae （Hymenoptera： Braconidae）

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Insect Science 2018年第5期25卷 847-860页

作者： Reyard Mutamiswa frank Chidawanyika Casper Nyamukondiwa Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology Botswana International University of Science and Technology (BIUST) Private Bag 16 Palapye Botswana Agricultural Research Council Plant Protection Research Weeds Division Private Bag X6006 Hilton 3245 South Africa

Under stressful thermal environments, insects adjust their behavior and physi- ology to maintain key life-history activities and improve survival. For interacting species, mutual or antagonistic, thermal stress may affect the participants in differing ways, which may then affect the outcome of the ecological relationship. In agroecosystems, this may be the fate of relationships between insect pests and their antagonistic parasitoids un- der acute and chronic thermal variability. Against this background, we investigated the thermal tolerance of different developmental stages of Chilo partellus Swinhoe （Lepi- doptera： Crambidae） and its larval parasitoid, Cotesia sesamiae Cameron （Hymenoptera： Braconidae） using both dynamic and static protocols. When exposed for 2 h to a static temperature, lower lethal temperatures ranged from -9 to 6 ℃, -14 to -2 ℃, and -1 to 4 ℃ while upper lethal temperatures ranged from 37 to 48 ℃, 41 to 49 ℃, and 36 to 39 ℃ for C partellus eggs, larvae, and C. sesamiae adults, respectively. Faster heating rates improved critical thermal maxima （CTmax） in C partellus larvae and adult C partel- lus and C sesamiae. Lower cooling rates improved critical thermal minima （CTmin） in C partellus and C. sesamiae adults while compromising CTmin in C. partellus larvae. The mean supercooling points （SCPs） for C. partellus larvae, pupae, and adults were -11.82 ± 1.78, -10.43 ±1.73 and -15.75 ±2.47, respectively. Heat knock-down time （HKDT） and chill-coma recovery time （CCRT） varied significantly between C partellus larvae and adults. Larvae had higher HKDT than adults, while the latter recovered significantly faster following chill-coma. Current results suggest developmental stage differences in C partellus thermal tolerance （with respect to lethal temperatures and critical thermal limits） and a compromised temperature tolerance of parasitoid C. sesamiae relative to its host, suggesting potential asynchrony between host-parasitoid population phenology and con

关键词： chill-coma recovery time climate change critical thermal limits heat knock-down time lethal temperatures supercooling point

Endoscopic papillectomy: Data of a prospective observational study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第27期19卷 4316-4324页

作者： Uwe Will Anne-Kathrin Müller frank Fueldner Igor Wanzar frank Meyer Department of Gastroenterology Municipal Hospital Department of Surgery University Hospital

AIM:To investigate the clinical value of endoscopic papillectomy indicated by feasibility and safety of the procedure in various diseases of the papilla in a representative number of patients in a setting of daily clinical and endoscopic practice and care by means of a systematic prospective observational study. METHODS:Through a defined time period, all consecutive patients with tumor-like lesions of the papilla, who were considered for papillectomy, were enrolled in this systematic bicenter prospective observational study, and subdivided into 4 groups according to endoscopic and endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) findings as well as histopathological diagnosis:adenoma; carcinoma/ neuroendocrine tumor (NET)/lymphoma; papilla into which catheter can not be introduced; adenomyomatosis, respectively. Treatment results and outcome were characterized by R0 resection, complication, recurrence rates and tumor-free ***:Over a 7-year period, 58 patients underwent endoscopic papillectomy. Main symptoms prompting to diagnostic measures were unclear abdominal pain in 50% and cholestasis with and without pain in 44%. Overall, 54/58 patients [inclusion rate, 93.1%; sex ratio, males/females = 25/29 (1:1.16); mean age, 65 (range, 22-88) years] were enrolled in the study. Prior to papillectomy, EUS was performed in 79.6% (n = 43/54). Group 1 (adenoma, n = 24/54; 44.4%):91.6% (n = 22/24) with R0 resection; tumor-free survival after a mean of 18.5 mo, 86.4% (n = 19/22); recurrence, 13.6% (n = 3/22); minor complications, 12.5% (n = 3/24). Group 2 (carcinoma/NET/lymphoma, n = 18/54; 33.3%):75.0% (n = 10/18) with R0 resection; tumor-free survival after a mean of 18.5 (range, 1-84) mo, 88.9% (n = 8/9); recurrence, 11.1% (n = 1/9). Group 3 (adenomyomatosis, n = 4/54; 7.4%). Group 4 (primarily no introducible catheter into the papilla, n = 8; 14.8%). The overall complication rate was 18.5% (n = 10/54; 1 subject with 2 complications):Bleeding, n = 3; pancreatitis, n = 7; perforat

关键词： Papilla of Vater Papillectomy Endoscopic ultrasonography Adenoma Carcinoma Carcinoid-like tumor Adenomyomatosis

Offspring diet supersedes the transgenerational effects of parental diet in a specialist herbivore Neolema abbreviata under manipulated foliar nitrogen variability

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Insect Science 2020年第2期27卷 361-374页

作者： Abongile Mbande Michelle Tedder frank Chidawanyika Weeds Division Plant Protection Research InstituteAgricultural Research CouncilHiltonSouth Africa School o f Life Sciences University of KwaZulu-NatalScottsvillePietermaritzburgSouth Africa Department of Zoology and Entomology University of the Free StateP.O.Box 339Bloemfontein 9300South Africa

Diet quality influences organismal fitness within and across *** herbivorous insects,the transgenerational effecets of diet remain relatively ***3×3×2 factorial experiment,we evaluated how N enrichment in parental diets of Neolemd abbreviata(Larcordaire)(C oleoptera:Chrysomelidae),a biological control agent for Tradescantia fluminensis Vell.(Commelinaceae),may influence life history and performance of Fi and F2 offspring under reciprocal *** found limited transgenerational effects of foliar nitrogen variability among life-history traits in both larvae and *** weight gain and mortality were responsive to parental diet contrary to feeding damage,pupal weight and duration taken to *** were significant parental diet x test interactions in larval feeding damage,weight gain,pupal weight and time to ***,offspring from parents under high N plants performed better even under low N test *** traits including oviposition selection,feeding weight and longevity did not respond to the efects of parental diet nor its interaction with test diet as was the case in the larval ***,the main efects of test diet were more important in determining adult performance in both generations suggesting limited sensitivity to parental diet in the adult *** results show conflicting responses to parental diet between larvae and adults ofthe same generation among an insec species with both actively feeding larual and adult life stagee These tranegeneratinonal efferte,or lack thereof,may have implications on the field performance of *** under heterogencous nutritional landscapes.

关键词： biological control environmental matching hypothesis fitness costs host-plant quality parental effects transgenerational effects

Sprinkler rotation and water application rate for the newly-designed complete fluidic sprinkler and impact sprinkler

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2014年第4期7卷 38-46页

作者： frank ADwomoh Yuan Shouqi Li Hong Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang Jiangsu Province212013China School of Engineering Koforidua PolytechnicP.O.Box KF 981KoforiduaEastern RegionGhana

One important indicator of the good performance of rotating sprinklers is the uniformity of *** objective of this experimental study was to investigate the rotation uniformity and water application rate of the newly designed complete fluidic sprinkler in comparison to the widely used impact sprinkler,with the goal to offer recommendations to improve the fluidic sprinkler’s operation ***-sprinkler water application experiments were conducted in accordance with the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers *** completion time through the four quadrants of rotation and water delivery in catch cans were measured at different operating pressures for each sprinkler-nozzle size *** capabilities of Matrix Laboratory were employed to simulate the overlap of adjacent quadrants and to visualize the effect of sprinkler rotation speed variation on water application *** completion time variations were small for both impact and fluidic ***,variations in completion time through the quadrants were higher for the fluidic sprinkler compared to the impact *** higher variations in water application rates were also observed for the fluidic *** optimization of the design features of the fluidic component is necessary to improve rotation stability and to minimize variability in water application rate of the fluidic *** study significantly highlighted some performance qualities of the complete fluidic sprinkler in comparison to that of the impact *** findings of this research will help to improve the efficiency of the new type complete fluidic sprinkler.

关键词： sprinkler rotation variation water application rate complete fluidic sprinkler impact sprinkler rotation uniformity

Investigating unsafe behaviours in traffic conflict situations:An observational study in Nigeria

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2019年第5期6卷 482-492页

作者： Chinebuli Uzondu Samantha Jamson frank Lai Institute for Transport Studies University of Leeds Leeds LS2 9JT UK Department of Transport Management Technology Federal University of Technology Owerri Owerri Nigeria

Although road users are aware of the possible risks of engaging in unsafe behaviours while driving,they continue to do *** behaviours often contribute to traffic incidents and crashes involving them and other road *** study set out to analyse the effect of road user type,location and time of day on unsafe driving behaviours observed in traffic conflict *** were collected by road side observation at three different locations in the eastern part of Nigeria using the traffic conflict technique(TCT).This approach was adopted to overcome the inherent problems associated with reliable,inadequate and accessible crash data in *** total 946 traffic conflicts were observed and statistical testing showed that drivers were involved in one or more unsafe behaviours prior to these *** all unsafe behaviours observed,the incorrect use of indicators(13.3%) and tailgating(11.3%) were found to be the most prevalent,while road user type,location and time of day were found to be statistically associated with passenger scouting and other unsafe *** drivers were significantly more likely to engage in unsafe behaviours than vehicle *** are also more likely to engage in unsafe behaviours on straight ***,a greater number of these unsafe behaviours were observed during the peak *** is recommended that better road infrastructure,more effective regulations and enforcement,and proper road safety education could help improve traffic safety in Nigeria.

关键词： Unsafe behaviour Traffic conflict Traffic safety Crash data

Somatic mutant clone screening: scan for novel NASH target genes in mouse liver

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第9期8卷 3902-3903页

作者： Tian Lan Adrien Guillot frank Tacke Lab of Gastroenterology and Hepatology State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina Department of Gastroenterology West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina Department of Hepatology&Gastroenterology Charité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinCampus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus CharitéMitteBerlinGermany

In a landmark study recently published in Cell,Wang et *** a novel method of somatic adeno-associated virus(AAV)-transposon in vivo clonal screening(termed MOSAICS),which is capable to generate multiple mutant hepatocyte clones within the same tissue and thereby to scan for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)target genes(Fig.1).1 Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is the most common liver disease affecting about 20–30%of the global population and associated with metabolic *** can progress to NASH,characterized by liver inflammation,steatosis and hepato-cyte ballooning,and NAFLD/NASH can lead to fibrosis,cirrhosis,and ultimately liver *** decades,researchers have been seeking to understand its pathogenesis and to discover ther-apeutic strategies to treat NAFLD/***,up to now,there is still no specific pharmacotherapy available.

关键词： balloon NAFLD inflammation

Predictors of first-pass success intubations in the emergency departments in Germany:analysis of the German Airway Registry between 2015 and 2022

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第6期15卷 490-493页

作者： Christian Hohenstein Lucas Rudnik frank Bloos Department of Emergency Medicine Zentralklinik Bad BerkaAffiliation University of MarburgFaculty of MedicineBad Berka 99437Germany University of Jena Faculty of MedicineJena 07747Germany Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine University Hospital JenaJena 07747Germany

In the field of airway management,there is no national registry in Germany that captures data on emergency airway *** improve quality,one needs to know the data *** include gender,age,indications for emergency airway management,level of education,the intubating department,the intubation method,and other factors that can serve as a basis for quality improvement changes.

关键词： intubation airway education

Magnetic properties and microstructures of SnO_2 doped Mn-Zn ferrites

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Rare Metals 2006年第z1期25卷 445-449页

作者： NG Foong-Kee SALE frank R. School of Technology Tunku Abdul Rahman College PO Box 10979 50932 Kuala Lumpur West Malaysia School of Materials The University of Manchester Grosvenor Street Manchester M17HS United Kingdom

The effects of additive SnO2 (0.4wt.%), with and without SiO2 (0.02wt.%) and/or CaO (0.04wt.%), on the microstructure and magnetic properties of Mn-Zn ferrites were reported. The results reveal that SnO2 on its own increases the initial permeability (μi) slightly, but SnO2 with SiO2 and/or CaO decreases the values of μi. However, ferrites with SnO2 additions have reduced power losses. The separate contributions of hysteresis loss and eddy current loss to the total power loss show that SnO2 (with or without SiO2 and/or CaO) doping increases the hysteresis loss slightly, but SnO2 doping alone reduces the eddy current loss significantly (～14%). The additions of SiO2 or CaO further decrease the eddy current loss, and by interaction of SnO2-CaO-SiO2, the eddy current loss is reduced by more than 20%. These magnetic and microstructural effects were discussed in terms of the additive-impurity interaction, the existence of grain boundary phases, and the effective bulk and grain boundary resistivities of the ferrites.

关键词： Mn-Zn ferrites SnO2 doping magnetic properties microstructure

Continent-wide vocal leapfrog pattern in Collared Scops Owls obfuscates species boundaries

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Avian Research 2023年第4期14卷 565-571页

作者： Meng Yue Wu frank E.Rheindt Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore16 Science Drive 4SingaporeRep Department of Environmental Sciences Zoological InstituteUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland

Much confusion has surrounded the taxonomy of the Collared Scops Owl(Otus bakkamoena)complex,distributed widely across tropical and subtropical *** divided into three species,modern taxonomies disagree on its treatment,as a lack of deep mitochondrial DNA divergence is seemingly in contrast with patterns of vocal *** a dataset of territorial calls of 122 individuals across Asia,we identified a vocal leapfrog pattern in which owl populations at the eastern and western ends of the distribution sound more similar to each other but are separated by different-sounding populations in *** boundaries between vocal types are not congruent with traditional species *** data allow for a re-drawing of species boundaries and reveal that Collared Scops Owls follow a biogeographic pattern rare in Southeast Asian ***,this pattern is shared with several other owl complexes in that peninsular Malaysian populations form part of a continental Asian species centred further north in Southeast Asia rather than forming part of a Sundaic species centred in the adjacent Indonesian Archipelago.

关键词： Asia Biogeography Species delimitation Taxonomy Bioacoustics