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Multifunctional SnO_(2) QDs/MXene Heterostructures as Laminar Interlayers for Improved Polysulfide Conversion and Lithium Plating Behavior

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nano-Micro Letters 2024年第11期16卷 156-169页

作者： Shungui Deng Weiwei Sun Jiawei Tang Mohammad Jafarpour frank nüesch Jakob Heier Chuanfang Zhang College of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065People’s Republic of China Laboratory for Functional Polymers Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology(EMPA)Überlandstrasse 1298600 DübendorfSwitzerland Institute of Materials Science and Engineering Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL)Station 121015 LausanneSwitzerland Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education School of PhysicsSoutheast UniversityNanjing 211189People’s Republic of China SEU‑FEI nano‑Pico Center Key Laboratory of MEMS of Ministry of EducationSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096People’s Republic of China

Poor cycling stability in lithium–sulfur(Li–S)batteries necessitates advanced electrode/electrolyte design and innovative interlayer *** catalysis has emerged as a promising approach,leveraging the adsorption and catalytic performance on lithium polysulfides(LiPSs)to inhibit LiPSs shuttling and improve redox *** this study,we report an ultrathin and laminar SnO_(2)@MXene heterostructure interlayer(SnO_(2)@MX),where SnO_(2) quantum dots(QDs)are uniformly distributed across the MXene *** combined structure of SnO_(2) QDs and MXene,along with the creation of numerous active boundary sites with coordination electron environments,plays a critical role in manipulating the catalytic kinetics of sulfur *** Li–S cell with the SnO_(2)@MX-modified separator not only demonstrates superior electrochemical performance compared to cells with a bare separator but also induces homogeneous Li deposition during *** a result,an areal capacity of 7.6 mAh cm^(-2) under a sulfur loading of 7.5 mg cm^(-2) and a high stability over 500 cycles are *** work demonstrates a feasible strategy of utilizing a laminar separator interlayer for advanced Li–S batteries awaiting commercialization and may shed light on the understanding of heterostructure catalysis with enhanced reaction kinetics.

关键词： Lithium-sulfur battery Heterogeneous catalysis Heterostructure Redox kinetics Lithium dendrites

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Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Carbides and nitrides(MXenes): Synthesis, Properties, and Electrochemical Energy Storage Applications

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2020年第1期3卷 29-55页

作者： Chuanfang (John) Zhang Yonglu Ma Xuetao Zhang Sina Abdolhosseinzadeh Hongwei Sheng Wei Lan Amir Pakdel Jakob Heier frank nüesch Laboratory for Functional Polymers EmpaSwiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyUberlandstrasse 129CH-8600Dubendorf Switzerland Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design Ministry of EducationSchool of Physical Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Institute of Materials Science and Engineering Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne(EPFL)Station 12CH-1015Lausanne Switzerland Assoc.Prof.A.Pakdel School of Chemistry University College Dublin (UCD) Belfield Dublin 4 Ireland

A family of 2D transition metal carbides and nitrides known as MXenes has received increasing attention since the discovery of Ti3C2 in 2011. To date, about 30 different MXenes with well-defined structures and properties have been synthesized, and many more are theoretically predicted to exist. Due to the numerous assets including excellent mechanical properties, metallic conductivity,unique in-plane anisotropic structure, tunable band gap, and so on, MXenes rapidly positioned themselves at the forefront of the 2D materials world and have found numerous promising applications. Particular interest is devoted to applications in electrochemical energy storage, whereby 2D MXenes work either as electrodes,additives, separators, or hosts. This review summarizes recent advances in the synthesis, fundamental properties and composites of MXene and highlights the state-of-the-art electrochemical performance of MXene-based electrodes/*** progresses in the field of supercapacitors and Li-ion batteries, Li-S batteries, naand other alkali metal ion batteries are reviewed, and current challenges and new opportunities for MXenes in this surging energy storage field are presented. In the focus of interest is the possibility to boost device-level performance, particularly that of rechargeable batteries, which are of utmost importance in future energy technologies. Very recently, the 2019 nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to the inventors of the Li-ion battery. For sure, this will provide an additional stimulation to study fundamental aspects of electrochemical energy storage.

关键词： battery energy storage MXene supercapacitor transition metal carbide

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透明有机太阳能电池的制备及应用研究

透明有机太阳能电池的制备及应用研究

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第三届新型太阳能电池学术研讨会

作者：张辉 frank nüesch 黄维南京工业大学先进材料研究院

有机半导体材料由于质量轻、柔韧易加工、吸光性能好、吸收峰易调节等诸多优点,被认为是光伏产业中硅基半导体材料的理想替代者之一。目前针对有机太阳能电池的研究主要集中在提高光电转化效率和长期工作稳定性,另外,基于有机半导体材... 详细信息

有机半导体材料由于质量轻、柔韧易加工、吸光性能好、吸收峰易调节等诸多优点,被认为是光伏产业中硅基半导体材料的理想替代者之一。目前针对有机太阳能电池的研究主要集中在提高光电转化效率和长期工作稳定性,另外,基于有机半导体材料的特性,开发功能性的器件可以拓宽光伏产品的应用领域,加快有机电池的产业化进程,例如柔性可穿戴、透明可集成的电子器件。透明太阳能电池就是利用有机半导体吸收性能好、吸收峰可调节的特性,选择性地让可见光透过,从不可见光中获取电能的光伏器件,如图1所示。本课题采用花青素小分子Cy7-T作为红外光吸收材料,富勒烯作为电子受体,通过光学模拟设计引入透明导电电极,制备出高性能高透明的太阳能电池。透明电池凭借独特的透光性,可丰富光伏产品的应用领域,弥补效率弱势,既可作为窗户玻璃应用在汽车、建筑等领域,也可与其他电子器件叠加集成,如与吸收可见光区的Cy3-P组成叠层器件。

关键词：有机太阳能电池透明电极叠层太阳能电池

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Decoding complexity: the need to enhance precision and streamline spatial understanding in neuroscience

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 801-802页

作者： Sameehan Mahajani Armita Salahi Brenda Gonzalez Charlotte nelson frank Hsiung Biology&Applications Division NodexusSan JoseCAUSA

neuroscience is the ultimate frontier in our quest for a comprehensive understanding of human behavior. Since its launch in 2009, the Human Connectome Project has emerged as a pioneering force, making heroic strides i... 详细信息

关键词： behavior frontier dating

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Three-dimensional analysis of the physiological foramen geometry of maxillary and mandibular molars by means of micro-CT

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International Journal of Oral Science 2017年第3期9卷 151-157页

作者： Thomas Gerhard Wolf frank Paqué Michael Sven Patyna Brita Willershausen Benjamín Briseno-Marroquín Department of Operative Dentistry University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz Department of Endodontology Division of Preventive DentistryPeriodontologyand CariologyCenter of Dental MedicineUniversity of Zürich

The aim of this study was to investigate the physiological foramen diameter, shape and distance between physiological and anatomical apex of maxillary and mandibular first and second molars. Accurate knowledge of the physiological foramina morphology; thus, inherent mechanical shaping technical hindrances, is decisive when taking the corresponding root canal final preparation decision. The morphological dimensions of a total of 1 727 physiological foramina were investigated by means of micro-computed tomography. Mean narrow and wide （to a high number, oval） diameters of the physiological foramen were 0.24, 0.22 and 0.33 mm and 0.33, 0.31 and 0.42 mm in mesiobuccal （MB）, distobuccal （DB） and palatal （P） roots in maxillary first molars; 0.24, 0.22 and 0.33 mm and 0.41, 0.33 and 0.44 in MB, DB, and P roots in maxillary second molars. Mandibular first molars showed mean narrow and wide diameters of 0.24 and 0.30 mm and of 0.39 and 0.46 mm in mesial （M） and distal （D） roots; second mandibular molars showed 0.25 and 0.31 mm and 0.47 mm in M and D roots. The mean distance between the physiological foramina and anatomical apex was 0.82, 0.81 and 1.02 mm and 0.54, 0.43 and 0.63 mm in MB, DB and P roots of the maxillary first and second molars, respectively. A mean distance of 0.95 mm （M） and 1.05 mm （D） in the first and 0.78 mm （M） and 0.81 mm （D） in the second mandibular molars was observed. Based on the results obtained, assumable recommendations for final preparation size of the physiological foramen were calculated. However, when taking into consideration, the resulting standard deviations of marginal errors must be cautiously considered when taking a final decision in clinical endodontic treatment.

关键词： apical constriction final apical file maxillary and mandibular molars morphology micro-computed tomography physiological foramen

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From basic properties to the Mott design of correlated delafossites

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 1084-1100页

作者： frank Lechermann European XFEL SchenefeldGermany Center for Computational Quantum Physics Flatiron InstituteNew YorkNYUSA

The natural-heterostructure concept realized in delafossites highlights these layered *** metallic,band-or Mott-insulating character may be associated with individual layers,inter-layer coupling still plays a decisive *** review the correlated electronic structure of PdCoO_(2),PdCrO_(2),and AgCrO_(2),showing that layer-entangled electronic states can deviate from standard classifications of interacting *** finding opens up possibilities for materials design in a subtle Mott-critical *** Hidden-Mott physics,correlation-induced semimetallicity,or Dirac/flat-band dispersions in a Mott background are emerging *** with achievements in the experimental preparation,this inaugurates an exciting research field in the arena of correlated materials.

关键词： materials metallic showing

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Magnesium research in Canada:Highlights of the last two decades

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第10期11卷 3484-3510页

作者： frank Czerwinski natural Resources Canada CanmetMATERIALSHamiltonONCanada

The highlights of major Canadian research projects of last two decades that aimed at advancing applications of magnesium and its alloys,being at the heart of lightweighting and ecological sustainability, are outlined. The research at universities, government laboratories, and other dedicated institutions, funded primarily through federal programs, was accompanied by strong activities of the industrial sector involved in designing and building the machinery for magnesium processing and production of components from magnesium alloys. The overall research directions matched the global trends of overcoming the key challenges that prevent magnesium alloys to play the major role in large-scale applications. Among industrially oriented projects the processing technologies in liquid, semisolid and solid states such as casting, twin roll casting, injection molding, rolling, extrusion, forging, and joining techniques were frequently pursued. Although the fundamental research aimed at understanding of a variety of magnesium behaviors and structural peculiarities up to nano and atomic levels, its essence spread around the inherently poor formability and high reactivity at room and elevated temperatures, including the ignition/flammability *** recent years, a shift in research interests was observed and novel directions emerged such as magnesium air batteries, biodegradable alloys, additive manufacturing, and magnesium-rich high entropy alloys. The volume of data gathered in this report may constitute a base for specifically oriented assessments, analyses, and drawing conclusions.

关键词： Magnesium Magnesium alloys Processing technologies Canadian research projects

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Spatio-temporal evolution of Allium L. in the Qinghaie-Tibet-Plateau region: Immigration and in situ radiation

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Plant Diversity 2017年第4期39卷 167-179页

作者： frank Hauenschild Adrien Favre Jan Schnitzler Ingo Michalak Martin Freiberg Alexandra n. Muellner-Riehl Leipzig University Department of Molecular Evolution and Plant Systematics & Herbarium (LZ) Johannisallee 21-23 04103 Leipzig Germany Leipzig University Department of Systematic Botany and Functional Biodiversity Research Johannisallee 21-23 04103 Leipzig Germany German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDly) Halle-lena-Leipzig Deutscher Platz 5e 04103 Leipzig Germany

A plethora of studies investigating the origin and evolution of diverse mountain taxa has assumed a causal link between geological processes （orogenesis） and a biological response （diversification）. Yet, a substantial delay （up to 30 Myr） between the start of orogenesis and diversification is often observed. Evolutionary biologists should therefore identify alternative drivers of diversification and maintenance of biodiversity in mountain systems. Using phylogenetic, biogeographic, and diversification rate analyses, we could identify two independent processes that most likely explain the diversity of the widespread genus Allium in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau （QTP） region：（1） While the QTP-related taxa of the subgenus Melanocrommyum diversified in situ, （2） QTP-related taxa of other subgenera migrated into the QTP from multiple source areas. Furthermore, shifts in diversification rates within Allium could not be attributed spatially and temporally to the uplift history of the QTP region. Instead, global cooling and climate oscillations in the Quaternary were major contributors to increased speciation rates in three clades of AUium. Our study therefore adds to the growing evidence supporting the ＂mountain-geo-biodiversity hypothesis＂, which highlights the role of climate oscillations for the diversification of mountain organisms.

关键词： Allium Evolution Hengduan mountains Historical biogeography Molecular dating Qinghai-Tibet plateau

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Multi-layered control of PD-L1 expression in Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric cancer

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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2020年第1期6卷 116-130页

作者： Christos n.Miliotis frank J.Slack HMS Initiative for RnA Medicine Department of PathologyCancer CenterBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA

Gastric cancer(GC)is the fifth most common cancer *** approximately 10%of GC cases,cancer cells show ubiquitous and monoclonal Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)infection.A significant feature of EBV-associated GC(EBVaGC)is high lymphocytic infiltration and high expression of immune checkpoint proteins,including programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1).This highlights EBVaGC as a strong candidate for immune checkpoint blockade ***,several recent studies have shown that EBV positivity in GC correlates with positive response to programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1)/PD-L1 blockade *** the mechanisms that control PD-L1 expression in EBVaGC can indicate new predictive biomarkers for immunotherapy,as well as therapeutic targets for combination *** mechanisms have been implicated in PD-L1 expression regulation,including structural variations,post-transcriptional control,oncogenic activation of intrinsic signaling pathways,and increased sensitivity to extrinsic *** review provides the most recent updates on the multilayered control of PD-L1 expression in EBVaGC.

关键词： Epstein-Barr virus gastric cancer immunotherapy programmed death-ligand 1

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Ultra-broadband access enabled by fiber optics(Invited Paper)

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Chinese Optics Letters 2016年第12期14卷 17-20页

作者： frank Effenberger Futurewei Technologies Bridgewater NJ 08807 USA

The advent of low loss optical fiber has consistently led us to the ultra-broadband era, where bandwidths exceeding 1 Gb/s are commonplace. This Review reviews the early history of fiber access, pointing out some of the lasting design choices and signature features of fiber access. The progress of the various passive optical network technologies is also reviewed, and some views regarding the future trends of fiber in the access.

关键词： broadband consistently optics pointing signature lasting exceeding deployment bandwidth enabled

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