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Synthesis and electronic properties of expanded 5-(hetero)arylthien-2-yl substituted 3-ethynyl quinoxalines with AIE characteristics

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Science China Chemistry 2018年第8期61卷 909-924页

作者： Franziska K.merkt thomas J.J.müller Institute of Organic Chemistry and macromolecular Chemistry Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf

Expanded 5-(hetero)aryl-thien-2-yl substituted 3-ethynyl quinoxaline dyes with variable substitution pattern on the peripheral thiophene ring were synthesized in moderate to very good yields by Suzuki and Buchwald-Hartwig coupling of the corresponding brominated 3-ethynyl quinoxalines. Dumbbell-shaped bis(thienyl 3-ethynyl quinoxalines) are also accessible by the Suzuki protocol. The photophysical properties were investigated by UV and fluorescence spectroscopy. most of the obtained compounds display fluorescence in solution and some of them also in the solid state. Additionally, tuning of the emission color of the quinoxaline based chromophores can be conveniently accomplished by the remote substituent group. The determined absorption and emission maximum as well as the Stokes shifts strongly correlate with Hammett σp+parameters. Besides,photophysical properties of selected derivatives in the solid state, biphasic solutions, and PmmA films, along with their relationships, are comparatively investigated. moreover, two 5-(hetero)aryl-thien-2-yl substituted 3-ethynyl quinoxaline dyes are aggregation induced emission(AIE) chromophores indicated by restriction of molecular motions. A covalently restricted 3-ethynyl quinoxaline supports that the inhibition of molecular rotation is responsible for the significant enhancement of fluorescence in acetonitrile/water mixtures.

关键词： absorption aggregation induced emission cross-coupling fluorescence heterocycles palladium

How will the latest modifications to the CG189 NICE guidelines for obesity management likely impact clinical care?

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2023年第3期12卷 413-416页

作者： thomas m.Barber Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes Endocrinology and MetabolismUniversity Hospitals Coventry and WarwickshireClifford Bridge RoadCoventryUK Division of Biomedical Sciences Clinical Sciences Research LaboratoriesWarwick Medical SchoolUniversity of WarwickCoventryUK

Based on the 2019 Health Survey for England,nearly two thirds of the adult population and one third of children(aged 2-15 years)are either overweight or obese(1).In England,obesity affects 28%of adults,20%of boys and 13%of girls(1).Obesity is a chronic,often life-long disease that associates with>50 weight-related conditions,most notably type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2D),and other dysmetabolic conditions that contribute towards the metabolic syndrome and many other conditions that impact on nearly every aspect of physiology and mental functioning(2).Obesity has a huge economic burden,with government estimates indicating the current costs of obesity in the UK at£6.1 billion to the National Health Service(NHS),and£27 billion to wider society(1).Despite this,obesity remains fundamentally misunderstood and *** is reflected by woeful under-funding of management strategies for obesity(despite many of these being highly efficacious),guidelines that place time-limitations on potentially effective therapies(with possible negative outcomes that stem from subsequent weight re-gain),and a prevailing fog of obesity-related stigma that seems to pervade its way throughout society like a contagion.

关键词： Obesity compassion awareness adaptability

Transferability of microsatellite markers from Brachypodium distachyon to miscanthus sinensis,a Potential Biomass Crop

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2011年第3期53卷 232-245页

作者： Hua Zhao Jiangyan Yu frank m. You mingcheng Luo Junhua Peng Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture Wuhan Botanical Garden the Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430074 China Department of Plant Sciences University of California Davis CA 95616 USA Department of Soil and Crop Sciences Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523-1170 USA

miscanthus sinensis has high biomass yield and contributed two of the three genomes in m. x giganteus, a bioenergy crop widely studied in Europe and North America, and thus is a potential biomass crop and an important germplasm for miscanthus breeding. molecular markers are essential for germplasm evaluation, genetic analyses and new cultivar development in m. sinensis. In the present study, we reported transferability of simple sequence repeat （SSR） markers from Brachypodium distachyon to m. sinensis. A set of 57 SSR markers evenly distributed across the B. distachyon genome were deliberately designed. Out of these B. distachyon SSR markers, 86.0% are transferable to m. sinensis. The SSR loci amplified in m. sinensis were validated by re-sequencing the amplicons. The polymorphism information content （PIC） of the transferable SSR markers varied from 0.073 to 0.375 with a mean of 0.263, assessed based on 21 m. sinensis genotypes. Phylogenetic tree based on 162 alleles detected by 49 SSR markers could unambiguously distinguish B. distachyon from m. sinensis, and cluster 21 m. sinensis genotypes into three groups that are basically in coincidence with their geographical distribution and ecotype classifications. The markers developed by the comparative genomic approach could be useful for germplasm evaluation, genetic analysis, and marker-assisted breeding in miscanthus.

关键词： BRACHYPODIUm mISCANTHUS mICROSATELLITES (Genetics) GENETIC markers ENERGY crops GENETIC transformation BIOmASS production

Effect of genotype on duodenal expression of nutrient transporter genes in dairy cows

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2014年第2期5卷 145-153页

作者： Sinéad m Waters Kate Keogh frank Buckley David A Kenny Teagasc Animal and Bioscience Research Department Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation CentreGrangeDunsanyCo.MeathIreland Teagasc Animal and Bioscience Research Department Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre MooreparkFermoyCo CorkIreland

Background： Studies have shown clear differences between dairy breeds in their feed intake and production efficiencies. The duodenum is critical in the coordination of digestion and absorption of nutrients. This study examined gene transcript abundance of important classes of nutrient transporters in the duodenum of non lactating dairy cows of different feed efficiency potential, namely Holstein-Friesian （HF）, Jersey （JE） and their F1 hybrid. Duodenal epithelial tissue was collected at slaughter and stored at -80℃. Total RNA was extracted from tissue and reverse transcribed to generate cDNA. Gene expression of the following transporters, namely nucleoside amino acid; sugar; mineral; and lipid transporters was measured using quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Data were statistically analysed using mixed models ANOVA in SAS. Orthogonal contrasts were used to test for potential heterotic effects and spearman correlation coefficients calculated to determine potential associations amongst gen, expression values and production efficiency variables. Results： While there were no direct effects of genotype on expression values for any of the genes examined, there was evidence for a heterotic effect （P 〈 0.05） on ABCGS, in the form of increased expression in the F1 genotype compared to either of the two parent breeds. Additionally, a tendency for increased expression of the amino acid transporters, SLC3A1 （P= 0.072）, SLC3A2 （P= 0.081） and SLC6A 14 （P= 0.072） was also evident in the F1 genotype. A negative （P 〈 0.05） association was identified between the expression of the glucose transporter gene SLCSA1 and total lactational milk solids yield, corrected for body weight. Positive correlations （P 〈 0.05） were also observed between the expression values of genes involved in common transporter roles. Conclusion： This study suggests that differences in the expression of sterol and amino acid transporters in the duodenum could contribute towards the documented differences in feed effic

关键词： Bovine Duodenum Gene expression Nutrient transporters

Effects of proteins on magnesium degradation-static *** conditions

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2023年第4期11卷 1332-1342页

作者： Ruiqing Hou frank Feyerabend Heike Helmholz Vasil m.Garamus Regine Willumeit-Römer School of materials Science and Engineering&Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced magnesium Alloys Zhengzhou UniversityNo.100 Science AvenueZhengzhou 450001China Institute of metallic Biomaterials Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon(Hereon)Max-Planck-Str.1Geesthacht 21502Germany

The interaction between organic molecules and biomaterial surfaces determines the fate of biomaterials during their service life,which is also the research hotspots in the field of *** understand the mechanism of protein interaction with magnesium(mg)degradation,alloying elements,immersion time,protein concentration and surface conditions have been previously considered for the effect of proteins on mg ***,fluid flow,as one of the critical factors,drew little attention in this *** the present study,the effect of bovine serum albumin(BSA)and fetal bovine serum(FBS)on mg degradation was compared under static and dynamic *** results revealed that both BSA and FBS slightly decreased the degradation rate of mg in Hanks’balanced salt solution(HBSS)under static immersion due to the protein adsorption and the formation of a Ca/P-rich top layer on mg surface,whereas under dynamic flow condition the degradation of mg was significantly accelerated in the presence of BSA or *** reasons seemed to stem from the weakened protein adsorption on mg surface in this case and the dynamically enhanced interaction between proteins and ions/products in solutions,which largely weaken the combination of the top Ca/P-rich layer with the inner corrosion product *** results highlight the importance of testing conditions for mg characterization in vitro and the synergistic effect between different parameters on mg degradation.

关键词： Flow Bovine serum albumin Fetal bovine serum Protein adsorption

Load dependent microstructural evolution in an as-cast 26%Cr high chromium cast iron during unlubricated sliding

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Friction 2022年第8期10卷 1258-1275页

作者： U.Pranav NAYAK Sebastian SUÁREZ Valentin PESNEL frank mÜCKLICH maría Agustina GUITAR Department of materials Science Saarland UniversitySaarbrücken 66123Germany materials Engineering Center Saarland Saarbrücken 66123Germany Ecole Européenne d’ingénieurs en Génie des matériaux Universitéde LorraineNancy 54000France

In the current study,an as-cast 26%Cr high chromium cast iron(HCCI)alloy was subjected to dry-sliding linear wear tests,under different *** loads were selected based on analytically computing the critical load(PC)i.e.,the load necessary to induce plastic *** PC was calculated to be 15 N and accordingly,a sub-critical load(5 N)and an over-critical load(20 N)were *** influence of increasing the load during the wear test was investigated in terms of the matrix microstructural behaviour and its ability to support the surrounding *** morphological aspects of the wear tracks,and the deformed matrix microstructure adjacent and underneath the track was analysed by confocal laser scanning microscope(CLSm)and scanning electron microscope(SEm),*** evidence of plastic deformation of the matrix was observed below *** the contrary,at loads equal to and higher than PC,the austenitic matrix plastically deformed as evidenced by the presence of slip *** backscattered diffraction(EBSD)measurements in terms of grain reference orientation deviation,and micro-Vickers hardness of the austenitic matrix indicated a deformation depth of about 40μm at the maximum applied load of 20 *** active wear mechanisms during sliding were a combination of both adhesive and abrasive wear,although increasing the load shifted the dominant mechanism towards *** was primarily attributable to the increased propensity for carbide cracking and fracturing,combined with the inability of the hardened austenitic matrix surface and sub-surface to adequately support the broken carbide ***,the shift in the dominant wear mechanism was also reflected in the wear volume and subsequently,the wear rate.

关键词： high chromium cast iron unlubricated sliding plastic deformation wear resistance carbide spallation matrix hardness

Improved Quantile Convolutional and Recurrent Neural Networks for Electric Vehicle Battery Temperature Prediction

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Big Data mining and Analytics 2024年第2期7卷 512-530页

作者： Andreas m.Billert Runyao Yu Stefan Erschen michael Frey frank Gauterin Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT) Institute of Vehicle System TechnologyKarlsruhe 76131Germanyand also with Bayerische Motoren Werke(BMW)AGMunich 80788Germany Technical University of munich(TUm) Munich 80333Germany BmW AG Munich 80788Germany KIT Institute of Vehicle System TechnologyKarlsruhe 76131Germany

The battery thermal management of electric vehicles can be improved using neural networks predicting quantile sequences of the battery *** work extends a method for the development of Quantile Convolutional and Quantile Recurrent Neural Networks(namely Q*NN).Fleet data of 225629 drives are clustered and balanced,simulation data from 971 simulations are augmented before they are combined for training and *** Q*NN hyperparameters are optimized using an efficient Bayesian optimization,before the Q*NN models are compared with regression and quantile regression models for four *** analysis of point-forecast and quantile-related metrics shows the superior performance of the novel Q*NN *** median predictions of the best performing model achieve an average RmSE of 0.66°C and R^(2) of *** predicted 0.99 quantile covers 98.87%of the true values in the test *** conclusion,this work proposes an extended development and comparison of Q*NN models for accurate battery temperature prediction.

关键词： deep learning battery temperature convolutional and recurrent neural network quantile forecasting

The LImmCAST Program at HZDR:modelling of Fluid Flow and Transport Phenomena in the Continuous Casting Process

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2012年第S1期19卷 1-8页

作者： Gerbeth Gunter Eckert Sven Stefani frank Timmel Klaus Wondrak thomas Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf P.O.Box 51011901314 DresdenGermany

model experiments with low melting point liquid metals are an important tool to investigate the flow structure and related transport processes in melt flows relevant for metallurgical *** present the new experimental facility LImmCAST for modelling the continuous casting process of steel using the alloy SnBi at temperatures of 200-400℃.The parameters of the facility and the dimensions of the test sections will be given,and the possibilities for flow investigations in tundish,submerged entry nozzle and mould will be *** addition,the smaller set-up mini-LImmCAST will be presented,which works with the room-temperature liquid alloy *** main value of cold metal laboratory experiments consists in the capabilities to obtain quantitative flow measurements with a reasonable spatial and temporal *** ultrasonic and electromagnetic techniques for measuring the velocity in liquid metal flows came up during the last decade allowing for a satisfying characterisation of flow quantities in the considered temperature range up to 400℃.First results from LImmCAST and mini-LImmCAST will be presented covering the following phenomena:fully contacfless electromagnetic tomography of the flow in the mould,flow monitoring by a multitude of ultrasonic sensors,and analysis of the flow in the mould under the influence of an electromagnetic brake: intensification of the flow turbulence contrary to the expected flow damping,injection of argon bubbles through the stopper rod:occurrence of pressure oscillations.

关键词： continuous casting liquid metal model mould flow flow measurements two-phase flow magnetic flow tomography ultrasound Doppler method

models for lifetime estimation： an overview with focus on applications to wind turbines

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Advances in manufacturing 2014年第1期2卷 79-87页

作者： thomas m. Weite Ke-Sheng Wang SINTEF Energy Research 7465 Trondheim Norway Department of Production and Quality Engineering NorwegianUniversity of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway

This paper provides an overview of models and methods for estimation of lifetime of technical components. Although the focus in this paper is on wind turbine applications, the major content of the paper is of general nature. Thus, most of the paper content is also valid for lifetime models applied to other technical systems. The models presented and discussed in this paper are classified in different types of model classes. The main classification used in this paper divides the models in the following classes： physical models, stochastic models, data-driven models and artificial intelligence, and combined models. The paper provides an overview of different models for the different classes. Furthermore, advantages and disadvantages of the models are discussed, and the estimation of model parameters is briefly described. Finally, a number of literature examples are given in this paper, providing an overview of applications of different models on wind turbines.

关键词： Lifetime estimation model classification Wind turbine