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FUS/TLS forms cytoplasmic aggregates,inhibits cell growth and interacts with TDP-43 in a yeast model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Protein & Cell 2011年第3期2卷 223-236页

作者： Dmitry Kryndushkin Reed B.Wickner frank Shewmaker Laboratory of Biochemistry and Genetics National Institute of Diabetes Digestive and Kidney DiseasesNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD 20892USA Department of Pharmacology Uniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesdaMD 20814USA

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)is a fatal disease characterized by the premature loss of motor *** the underlying cellular mechanisms of neuron degeneration are unknown,the cytoplasmic aggregation of several proteins is associated with sporadic and familial forms of the *** wild-type and mutant forms of the RNA-binding proteins FUS and TDP-43 accumulate in cytoplasmic inclusions in the neurons of ALS *** is not known if these so-called proteinopathies are due to a loss of function or a gain of toxicity resulting from the formation of cytoplasmic *** we present a model of FUS toxicity using the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae in which toxicity is associated with greater expression and accumulation of FUS in cytoplasmic *** find that FUS and TDP-43 have a high propensity for co-aggregation,unlike the aggregation patterns of several other aggregation-prone ***,the biophysical properties of FUS aggregates in yeast are distinctly different from many amyloidogenic proteins,suggesting they are not composed of amyloid.

关键词： amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS) fused in sarcoma(FUS) TLS proteinopathy yeast

Selective Suspension in Aqueous Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate According to Electronic Structure Type Allows Simple Separation of Metallic from Semiconducting Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

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Nano Research 2009年第8期2卷 599-606页

作者： Kai Moshammer frank Hennrich Manfred M.Kappes Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Institut für NanotechnologieD-76021 KarlsruheGermany Institut für Physikalische Chemie Universität KarlsruheD-76128 KarlsruheGermany

Both density gradient centrifugation and gel electrophoresis have been reported to allow high throughput separation of metallic from semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWNTs)when using aqueous sodium dodecyl sulphate(SDS)*** show here that both methods rely on an initial dispersion-by-sonication step,which is already selective with respect to electronic structure *** corresponding aqueous SDS“starting”suspensions obtained after sonication and purifi cation by simple centrifugation(70,000 g,1 h)contain semiconducting SWNTs primarily in the form of small bundles whereas metallic SWNTs are predominantly suspended as individual *** gradient centrifugation then separates the bundles from the individual tubes on the basis of differences in their overall buoyant *** electrophoresis separates the longer bundles from the shorter individual tubes on the basis of their different *** also demonstrate that such starting suspensions can be fractionated according to electronic structure type by even simpler techniques such as size exclusion chromatography or gel fi ltration,thus opening the way for simple scale-up.

关键词： Single-walled carbon nanotubes metallic–semiconducting separation electrophoresis density gradient centrifugation size exclusion chromatography

Water sustainability and watershed ecosystem health

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2018年第10期4卷 7-8页

作者： Chansheng He frank Winde Western Michigan University North-West University Republic of South Africa

Climate change and human activities have unprecedentedly altered the hydrological processes and ecosystem services of watersheds all over the world,causing or exacerbating local and regional water crises,threatening ecosystem integrity,and compromising water *** the effects of interactions and dynamics of such coupled human and natural systems on eco-hydrological processes at the watershed scale is essential for addressing and adapting to global environmental change.

关键词： watershed ecosystem services

Effect of C/N ratio,aeration rate and moisture content on ammonia and greenhouse gas emission during the composting

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第10期23卷 1754-1760页

作者： Tao Jiang frank Schuchardt Guoxue Li Rui Guo Yuanqiu Zhao College of Resources and Environment Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 China Johann Heinrich von Thuenen-lnstitute Institute of Agricultural Technology and Biosystems Engineering Bundesallee 50 38116 Braunschweig Germany College of Chemistry and Biology Leshan Normal College Leshan 614004 China

Gaseous emission （N2O, CH4 and NH3） from composting can be an important source of anthropogenic greenhouse gas and air pollution. A laboratory scale orthogonal experiment was conducted to estimate the effects of C/N ratio, aeration rate and initial moisture content on gaseous emission during the composting of pig faeces from Chinese Ganqinfen system. The results showed that about 23.9% to 45.6% of total organic carbon （TOC） was lost in the form of CO2 and 0.8% to 7.5% of TOC emitted as CH4. Most of the nitrogen was lost in the form of NH3, which account for 9.6% to 32.4% of initial nitrogen. N20 was also an important way of nitrogen losses and 1.5% to 7.3% of initial total nitrogen was lost as it. Statistic analysis showed that the aeration rate is the most important factor which could affect the NH3 （p = 0.0189）, CH4 （p = 0.0113） and N20 （p = 0.0493） emissions significantly. Higher aeration rates reduce the CH4 emission but increase the NH3 and N20 losses. C/N ratio could affect the NH3 （p = 0.0442） and CH4 （p = 0.0246） emissions significantly, but not the N20. Lower C/N ratio caused higher NH3 and CH4 emissions. The initial moisture content can not influence the gaseous emission significantly. Most treatments were matured after 37 days, except a trial with high moisture content and a low C/N ratio.

关键词： pig faeces composting methane nitrous oxide ammonia

SHORT COMMUNICATION Realistic Assessment of Health Hazards of Chemicals

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1989年第1期2卷 78-80页

作者： frank C.LU Consulting Toxicologist Food Additives and Contaminants Pesticides and Environmental Pollutants Miami Florida 33116-0913

INTRODUCTION The general public is exposed to a variety of chemicals, including food additives,contaminants, and pesticides. To protect the public from any health hazards associ ated with these chemicals, toxicities are assessed by national regulatory agencies andat an international level by the World Health Organization (WHO) in conjunctionwith the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). A briefdescription of the work in this field conducted jointly by WHO and FAO has been

关键词： SHORT COMMUNICATION Realistic Assessment of Health Hazards of Chemicals

Transition metal phosphides:A wonder catalyst for electrocatalytic hydrogen production

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2023年第9期34卷 25-33页

作者： Mingxuan Du Deng Li Shengzhong(frank)Liu Junqing Yan Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of EducationShaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy TechnologySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710119China

Hydrogen evolution from water electrolysis has become an important reaction for the green energy *** precious metals and their compounds are excellent catalysts for producing hydrogen;however,their high cost limits their large-scale practical ***,the development of affordable electrocatalysts to replace these precious metals is *** metal phosphides(TMPs)have shown remarkable performance for hydrogen evolution and garnered considerable interest in the field of *** on the detailed introduction of TMPs in previous studies,we have systematically summarized the preparation methods,improvement methods,and development opportunities of TMPs and proposed“stimulatory factors”as a fundamental factor affecting the performance of TMPs *** the core of this research,“stimulatory factors”can provide numerous solutions to improve the performance of TMP materials and provide a good starting point for TMP research.

关键词： Hydrogen evolution reaction Phosphating Doping Morphology Heterojunction Defects

Error-based adaptive optimal tracking control of nonlinear discrete-time systems

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 154-167页

作者： Chun LI Jinliang DING frank L.LEWIS Tianyou CHAI State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries Northeastern University UTA Research Institute The University of Texas at Arlington

In this paper,for the output tracking problem of nonlinear discrete-time systems,a performance index is newly defined using the adaptive dynamic programming(ADP) technique to completely eliminate tracking errors in *** contrast to traditional definitions of performance indices in other ADP-based methods,the proposed performance index is not only designed from the perspective of output tracking errors but also introduced errors of system states and control inputs at adjacent stages,which is suitable for practical situations in many industrial applications,such as the alumina production,the flotation process,and the mineral grinding *** proved that the obtained controller can make the system output fully track the given reference trajectory by applying the iterative criteria of the ADP *** addition,the proposed algorithm was implemented using a data-driven technique and neural networks to avoid analyzing and deducing the complicated dynamics of actual industrial ***,using historical data for a forced-circulation evaporation system in the alumina production process,the effect of the proposed approach was verified through a numerical simulation and compared with that of the proportional-integral controller.

关键词： adaptive dynamic programming iterative criteria performance index tracking errors tracking problem

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Surfactant Assisted Dispersion and Adhesion Behavior of Carbon Nanotubes on Cu—Zr and Cu—Zr—Al Amorphous Powders

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2014年第9期30卷 847-853页

作者： Jonathan Nguyen Haiming Wen Zhihui Zhang frank Yaghmaie Enrique Lavernia Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of California at DavisDavis CA 95616 USA Northern California Nanotechnology Center University of California at DavisDavis CA 95616 USA

Carbon nanotubes （CNTs） were dispersed in gas atomized Cu47.5Zr47.5Al5 （CZA） and CusoZrso （CZ） amorphous powders, in an effort to elucidate the mechanisms of adhesion of CNTs onto amorphous metallic powders. CNTs were homogenously dispersed in water using a zwitterionic （ZW） surfactant. Then CZA and CZ powders were submersed in the ZW-CNTsuspensions with varying amounts of dwell time in an ultrasonic bath. The ZW-CNT- metal powder suspensions were dried, and CNT-metal composite powders were obtained after decomposition of the surfactant by calcination. Zeta potential measurements on ZW-CNT-metal powder suspensions and scanning electron microscopy investigation into the CNT-metal composite powders both indicated an ideal dwell time, for a specific alloy composition, of metallic powders in ZW-CNT suspension to achieve optimal adhesion of CNTs onto amorphous metallic powder surfaces. The results are rationalized on the basis of hydrolysis of metal ions into suspension creating a net positive charge on the metallic powder surfaces, and the interaction between the charged powder surfaces and the charged hydrophilic head groups of ZW, which has the other end attached to CNTs.

关键词： Metallic powders Carbon nanotubes Dispersion Surfactant Hydrolysis

Mental health history—a contributing factor for poorer outcomes in burn survivors

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Burns & Trauma 2018年第2期6卷 151-154页

作者： frank Li Danielle Coombs Concord Repatriation General Hospital SydneyAustralia

Background: A pre-morbid mental health history is common in patients with severe burn injuries. This creates challenges in providing rehabilitation. The aim of this study is to cross examine the possible impact of psychological co-morbidities on outcomes. Methods: A notes audit was carried out examining patients that were admitted to Concord Hospital Burns Unit in a 3-year period (2010–2012). Patients with total body surface area (TBSA) of 20% or greater and aged between 16 and 50 years were included. Subjects were divided into a mental health group and a control group. SPSS version 21 statistic program was used for analysis the data. Results: Data col ected included length of stay, time to achieve independence, %TBSA, types of burns and surgery required. Results of 69 files showed that the average length of stay per %TBSA was nearly double in the patients with a mental health problem (1.47 vs 0.88). They also had a higher rate of re-graft (52% vs 22%) due to infection and poor nutrition. The average time for patients to achieve independence in daily living activity was significantly higher (p = 0.046) in the mental health group (36.2 days) versus the control group (24.1 days). Conclusion: Patients with a mental health history may have poorer general health. This may result in a higher failure rate of grafting, leading to a requirement of re-graft. Hence, it took a longer time to achieve independence, as well as a longer hospital stay. A mental health history in burn survivors can be a contributing factor for poorer outcomes in the adult population.

关键词： Burns Mental health history Outcomes