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LC–MS-based metabolomics in profiling of drug metabolism and bioactivation

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2012年第2期2卷 118-125页

作者： Feng Li frank jgonzalez Xiaochao Ma Department of Pharmacology Toxicology and TherapeuticsUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKansas 66160USA Laboratory of Metabolism Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMaryland 20892USA

Since metabolism significantly affects drug safety and efficacy,determining the metabolic profile of a drug is a critical part of drug development.The application of an LC–MS-based metabolomic approach has gained more widespread use in identifying drug metabolites,developing metabolic maps and lending clues to mechanisms of bioactivation.Thus,the LC–MS-based metabolomic approach is a powerful tool for profiling of drug metabolism and bioactivation.

关键词： Metabolomics Drug metabolism Reactive metabolites Multivariate data analysis

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Herbal drug discovery for the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2020年第1期10卷 3-18页

作者： Tingting Yan Nana Yan Ping Wang Yangliu Xia Haiping Hao Guangji Wang frank jgonzalez Laboratory of Metabolism Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD 20892USA State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and PharmacokineticsChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 210009China Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 201203China School of Life Science and Medicine Dalian University of TechnologyPanjin 124221China

Few medications are available for meeting the increasing disease burden of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)and its progressive stage,nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH).Traditional herbal medicines(THM)have been used for centuries to treat indigenous people with various symptoms but without clarified modern-defined disease types and mechanisms.In modern times,NAFLD was defined as a common chronic disease leading to more studies to understand NAFLD/NASH pathology and progression.THM have garnered increased attention for providing therapeutic candidates for treating NAFLD.In this review,a new model called"multiple organs-multiple hits"is proposed to explain mechanisms of NASH progression.Against this proposed model,the effects and mechanisms of the frequentlystudied THM-yielded single anti-NAFLD drug candidates and multiple herb medicines are reviewed,among which silymarin and berberine are already under U.S.FDA-sanctioned phase 4 clinical studies.Furthermore,experimental designs for anti-NAFLD drug discovery from THM in treating NAFLD are discussed.The opportunities and challenges of reverse pharmacology and reverse pharmacokinetic concepts-guided strategies for THM modernization and its global recognition to treat NAFLD are highlighted.Increasing mechanistic evidence is being generated to support the beneficial role of THM in treating NAFLD and anti-NAFLD drug discovery.

关键词： Natural products Fatty liver Metabolic syndrome TCM NAFLD

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Constitutive androstane receptor induced-hepatomegaly and liver regeneration is partially via yes-associated protein activation

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2021年第3期11卷 727-737页

作者： Yue Gao Shicheng Fan Hua Li Yiming Jiang Xinpeng Yao Shuguang Zhu Xiao Yang Ruimin Wang Jianing Tian frank jgonzalez Min Huang Huichang Bi Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation School of Pharmaceutical SciencesSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Department of Hepatic Surgery the Third Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Laboratory of Metabolism Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer InstituteNIHBethesdaMD 20892USA

The constitutive androstane receptor(CAR, NR3 I1) belongs to nuclear receptor superfamily.It was reported that CAR agonist TCPOBOP induces hepatomegaly but the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. Yes-associated protein(YAP) is a potent regulator of organ size. The aim of this study is to explore the role of YAP in CAR activation-induced hepatomegaly and liver regeneration.TCPOBOP-induced CAR activation on hepatomegaly and liver regeneration was evaluated in wildtype(WT) mice, liver-specific YAP-deficient mice, and partial hepatectomy(PHx) mice. The results demonstrate that TCPOBOP can increase the liver-to-body weight ratio in wild-type mice and PHx mice.Hepatocytes enlargement around central vein(CV) area was observed, meanwhile hepatocytesproliferation was promoted as evidenced by the increased number of KI67+cells around portal vein(PV)area. The protein levels of YAP and its downstream targets were upregulated in TCPOBOP-treated mice and YAP translocation can be induced by CAR activation. Co-immunoprecipitation results suggested a potential proteineprotein interaction of CAR and YAP. However, CAR activation-induced hepatomegaly can still be observed in liver-specific YAP-deficient(Yape/e) mice. In summary, CAR activation promotes hepatomegaly and liver regeneration partially by inducing YAP translocation and interaction with YAP signaling pathway, which provides new insights to further understand the physiological functions of CAR.

关键词： Constitutive androstane receptor Nuclear receptors Hepatomegaly Liver enlargement Liver regeneration Yes-associated protein Proteineprotein interaction Partial hepatectomy

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