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Influence of structural depth of laser-patterned steel surfaces on the solid lubricity of carbon nanoparticle coatings

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Friction 2023年第7期11卷 1276-1291页

作者： Timothy MACLUCAS Lukas DAUT Philipp GRÜTZMACHER Maria Agustina GUITAR Volker PRESSER Carsten GACHOT Sebastian SUAREZ frank MÜCKLICH Chair of Functional Materials Saarland UniversitySaarbrücken 66123Germany Institute for Engineering Design and Product Development TU WienWien 1060Austria INM–Leibniz Institute for New Materials Saarbrücken 66123Germany Department of Materials Science&Engineering Saarland UniversitySaarbrücken 66123Germany Saarene-Saarland Center for Energy Materials and Sustainability Saarbrücken 66123Germany

Carbon nanoparticle coatings on laser-patterned stainless-steel surfaces present a solid lubrication system where the pattern's recessions act as lubricant-retaining *** study investigates the influence of the structural depth of line patterns coated with multi-walled carbon nanotubes(CNTs)and carbon onions(COs)on their respective potential to reduce friction and *** laser interference patterning(DLIP)with a pulse duration of 12 ps is used to create line patterns with three different structural depths at a periodicity of 3.5μm on AISI 304 steel ***,electrophoretic deposition(EPD)is applied to form homogeneous carbon nanoparticle coatings on the patterned *** ball-on-disc experiments are conducted on the as-described surfaces with an alumina counter body at a load of 100 *** results show that the shallower the coated structure,the lower its coefficient of friction(COF),regardless of the particle ***,with a minimum of just below 0.20,CNTs reach lower COF values than COs over most of the testing *** resulting wear tracks are characterized by scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,and energy-dispersive X-ray *** friction testing,the CNTs remain in contact,and the immediate proximity,whereas the CO coating is largely *** of structural depth,no oxidation occurs on CNT-coated surfaces,whereas minor oxidation is detected on CO-coated wear tracks.

关键词： solid lubricant coatings carbon nanotubes carbon onions direct laser interference patterning(DLIP)surface structuring electrophoretic deposition(EPD)

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Practical and modular construction of benzo[c]phenanthridine compounds

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Science China Chemistry 2022年第7期65卷 1338-1346页

作者： Cheng Zhang Qian Chen Lei Wang Qiaoying Sun Yangyang Yang Matthias Rudolph frank Rominger A.Stephen K.Hashmi Organisch-Chemisches Institut Heidelberg UniversityHeidelberg 69120Germany Chemistry Department Faculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz University(KAU)Jeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Cellular Immunotherapy Lab the Medical Faculty of Heidelberg UniversityHeidelberg University HospitalHeidelberg 69120Germany

Here,we describe a general and modular strategy for the rapid assembly of benzo[c]phenanthridine(BCP)derivatives using homogeneous gold ***,in contrast to traditional methods based on the specially preformed substrates that have an inherent preference for the formation of this class of compounds with limited flexibility,this protocol is achieved via a selectively intramolecular cascade of a diazo-tethered alkyne and subsequently an intermolecular cyclization with a nitrile to facilitate the successive C–N and C–C bonds *** methodology uses readily available nitriles as the nitrogen source to deliver the products in good yield with excellent functional group compatibility.A preliminary anti-tumor activity study of these generated products exhibits high anticancer potency against five tumor cell lines,including He La,Mel624,SW-480,8505C,***,we report a catalyst-controlled intermolecular cycloaddition/intramolecular insertion of the substrate with a fulvene to provide fused polycarbocycles containing a seven-membered ring.

关键词： selectivity homogeneous gold catalysis domino cyclization benzo[c]phenanthridine(BCP) anticancer activity

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Nonpolar Al_(x)Ga_(1−x)N/Al_(y)Ga_(1−y)N multiple quantum wells on GaN nanowire for UV emission

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Nano Research 2022年第8期15卷 7670-7680页

作者： Sonachand Adhikari Olivier Lee Cheong Lem Felipe Kremer Kaushal Vora frank Brink Mykhaylo Lysevych Hark Hoe Tan Chennupati Jagadish Department of Electronic Materials Engineering Research School of PhysicsThe Australian National UniversityCanberraAustralian Capital Territory 2601Australia Semiconductor Device Fabrication Group CSIR-Central Electronics Engineering Research InstitutePilaniRajasthan 333031India Australian National Fabrication Facility ACT Node Research School of PhysicsThe Australian National UniversityCanberraAustralian Capital Territory 2601Australia Centre for Advanced Microscopy The Australian National UniversityCanberraAustralian Capital Territory 2601Australia Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems Research School of PhysicsThe Australian National UniversityCanberraAustralian Capital Territory 2601Australia

Nonpolar m-plane AlGaN offers the advantage of polarization-free multiple quantum wells(MQWs)for ultraviolet(UV)emission and can be achieved on the sidewalls of selective area grown GaN *** reveal that the growth of AlGaN on GaN nanowires by metal organic chemical vapor deposition(MOCVD)is driven by vapor-phase diffusion,and consequently puts a limit on the pitch of nanowire array due to shadowing *** insight into the difficulty of achieving metal-polar AlGaN nanowire by selective area growth(SAG)in MOCVD is also provided and can be attributed to the strong tendency to form pyramidal structure due to a very small growth rate of{1011}semipolar planes compared to(0001)*** nonpolar m-plane sidewalls of GaN nanowires obtained via SAG provides an excellent platform for growth of nonpolar AlGaN *** emission from mplane Al_(x)Ga_(1−x)N/Al_(y)Ga_(1−y)N MQWs grown on sidewalls of dislocation-free GaN nanowire is demonstrated in the wavelength range of 318–343 nm.

关键词： metal organic chemical vapor deposition(MOCVD) nanowire nonpolar plane AlGaN selective area growth multiple quantum wells

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Green antisolvent additive engineering to improve the performance of perovskite solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第3期31卷 1-8,I0001页

作者： Jiahui Li Xiaodong Hua Fei Gao Xiaodong Ren Chaoqun Zhang Yu Han Yuanrui Li Bonan Shi Shengzhong(frank)Liu Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry National Ministry of EducationShaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy TechnologySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710119ShaanxiChina Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy iChEMDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023LiaoningChina

High-quality perovskite films with larger grain size and fewer defects is a prerequisite for highperformance perovskite solar cells(PSCs).Antisolvent-assisted crystallization is an effective approach to obtain compact and uniform perovskite films;however,the majority of antisolvents currently applied have strong toxicity,and the control of perovskite crystallization is not easy through single *** this work,a green antisolvent of ethyl acetate(EA)with acetylacetone(AA)additive is used to fine-tune perovskite crystallization and passivate defect,which produces uniform and compact CH;NH;PbI;perovskite films having larger grain and fewer grain boundaries and reduced defect ***,the interfacial hydrophobic characteristic of the perovskite films is *** the optimized concentration of AA in EA,the power conversion efficiency(PCE)of the CH;NH;PbI;PSCs was improved from 19.2%to 21.1%and their stability in air was also *** results present a green antisolvent additive engineering strategy to enhance the crystallinity,passivate defects,and fabricate efficient and stable PSCs.

关键词： CH3NH3PbI3 films Antisolvent Additive Defect passivation Perovskite solar cells

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On the Transition from Newtonian Gravity to General Relativity

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2022年第5期10卷 1461-1476页

作者： frank Blume John Brown University Siloam Springs USA

Using an alternative representation of the Ricci tensor, we argue that the theory of gravitation can be easily developed in such a way that the formal description of gravity in the transition from classical Newtonian physics to general relativity remains essentially unchanged. That is to say, we show how arguments concerning the plausible conceptual compatibility of Newtonian and general-relativistic models of gravity can be replaced by a demonstration of their actual formal identity. More specifically, we find that both the classical Newtonian and the general relativistic field equations are equivalent to a velocity-field divergence equation of the form v [div (v)] + div (v,v) = -4πρ where the term div (v,v) is defined to be the trace of the square of the Jacobian derivative matrix of v (or of its general-relativistic analogue).

关键词： General Relativity Newtonian Gravitation Field Equations Uniform Velocity-Field Representation

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How Classical, Quantum-Mechanical, and Relativistic Wave and Field Equations Are Uniformly Generated by Velocity-Field Divergence Equations

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2023年第9期11卷 2739-2764页

作者： frank Blume Department of Mathematics John Brown University Siloam Springs USA

We expand previously established results concerning the uniform representability of classical and relativistic gravitational field equations by means of velocity-field divergence equations by demonstrating that conservation equations for (probability) density functions give rise to velocity-field divergence equations the solutions of which generate—by way of superposition—the totality of solutions of various well-known classical and quantum-mechanical wave equations.

关键词： Uniform Representability Gravitational Field Equations Velocity-Field Divergence Equations Conservation Equations Wave Equations

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All Zeros of the Riemann Zeta Function in the Critical Strip Are Located on the Critical Line and Are Simple

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Advances in Pure Mathematics 2023年第6期13卷 402-411页

作者： frank Stenger University of Utah Salt Lake City USA

In this paper we study the function , for z∈C. We derive a functional equation that relates G(z) and G(1−z) for all z∈C, and we prove: 1) that G and the Riemann zeta function ζ have exactly the same zeros in the critical region D:= {z∈C:ℜz∈(0,1)};2) the Riemann hypothesis, i.e., that all of the zeros of G in D are located on the critical line := {z∈D:ℜz =1/2};and that 3) all the zeros of the Riemann zeta function located on the critical line are simple.

关键词： Riemann Hypothesis Fourier Transforms Schwarz Reflection Principle Cauchy-Riemann Equations Trapezoidal-Midordinate Quadrature

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Further Investigations of the Aspect/Bell Error: Maximum Entropy Assessment

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Journal of Modern Physics 2023年第8期14卷 1272-1285页

作者： frank Lad Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand

This article identifies the maximum entropy distribution among those in the polytope of probability distributions cohering with quantum theoretic prescriptions pertinent to Bell’s inequality in the optical context. Perhaps surprisingly, the maxent distribution is not a uniform mixture of the extreme vertices of the convex hull of distributions agreeing with the theory. The expectation E(s) it supports equals 1.1296, within the permitted coherent interval of (1.1213,2]. The maxent mixture of the extreme agreeable vertices is compared herein with two other mixture distributions over the convex hull of those supported by quantum theory. One of these is a simple uniform mixture over the solution vectors to the appropriate linear programming problems that specify the polytope. The other is the mixture underlying simulated results of Aspect’s experiments that have been shown to estimate E(s) as 1.7678. Further computations provide examples of the types of claims that would be entailed in a unique distribution within the cohering convex hull such as maxent. These defy quantum theoretic adherence to the general uncertainty principle which proclaims an agnostic position with respect to imagined joint observation operators that do not commute. They also display questionable implications of the “many worlds” proposal which the author does not favour. The article raises questions that deserve to be discussed concerning the general proposal that the maximum entropy principle should be employed to make precise probabilistic assertions about equilibrium phenomena when specific physical theory prescribes only an interval.

关键词： Bell Inequality Maxent Distribution Probability Bounds

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Open-porous magnesium-based scaffolds withstand in vitro corrosion under cyclic loading:A mechanistic study

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第1期19卷 406-417页

作者： Roxane Bonithon Colin Lupton Marta Roldo Joseph Nicholas Dunlop Gordon William Blunn frank Witte Gianluca Tozzi Zeiss Global Centre School of Mechanical and Design EngineeringUniversity of PortsmouthAnglesea RoadPO13DJPortsmouthUnited Kingdom School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences University of PortsmouthWhite Swan RoadPO12DTPortsmouthUnited Kingdom School of the Environment Geography&GeosciencesUniversity of PortsmouthBurnaby RoadPO13QLPortsmouthUnited Kingdom Department of Prosthodontics Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular DisordersCharite-Universitätsmedizin BerlinAßmannshauser Straße 4-614197BerlinGermany Biotrics Bioimplants AG Ullsteinstr.10812109BerlinGermany

The successful application of magnesium(Mg)alloys as biodegradable bone substitutes for critical-sized defects may be comprised by their high degradation rate resulting in a loss of mechanical *** study investigates the degradation pattern of an open-porous fluoride-coated Mg-based scaffold immersed in circulating Hanks’Balanced Salt Solution(HBSS)with and without in situ cyclic compression(30 N/1 Hz).The changes in morphological and mechanical properties have been studied by combining in situ high-resolution X-ray computed tomography mechanics and digital volume *** in situ cyclic compression induced acceleration of the corrosion rate,probably due to local disruption of the coating layer where fatigue microcracks were formed,no critical failures in the overall scaffold were observed,indicating that the mechanical integrity of the Mg scaffolds was *** changes,due to the accumulation of corrosion debris between the scaffold fibres,resulted in a significant increase(p<0.05)in the material volume fraction from 0.52±0.07 to 0.47±0.03 after 14 days of ***,despite an increase in fibre material loss,the accumulated corrosion products appear to have led to an increase in Young’s modulus after 14 days as well as lower third principal strain(εp3)accumulation(-91000±6361μεand-60093±2414μεafter 2 and 14 days,respectively).Therefore,this innovative Mg scaffold design and composition provide a bone replacement,capable of sustaining mechanical loads in situ during the postoperative phase allowing new bone formation to be initially supported as the scaffold resorbs.

关键词： Magnesium alloys Bone regeneration In vitro corrosion X-ray computed tomography(XCT) Digital volume correlation(DVC)

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Asymptotics and Blow-up for Mass Critical Nonlinear Dispersive Equations(Dedicated to Professor Ham Brezis on the occasion of his 70th birthday)

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2017年第2期38卷 579-590页

作者： frank MERLE Universitéde Cergy-pontoise MathématiquesCNRSCNRSF-95000 Cergy-PontoiseFrance Institut des HautesEtudes Scientifiques 35 Route de Chartres91440 Bures-sur-YvetteFrance

The author considers mass critical nonlinear Schrdinger and Korteweg-de Vries equations. A review on results related to the blow-up of solution of these equations is given.

关键词： Dispersive nonlinear PDE, Criticality, Asymptotics, Blow-up, Globalsolution, Soliton

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