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Acute care needs in an Indian emerg.ncy department： A retrospective analysis

World Journal of Emerg.ncy Medicine 2016年第3期7卷 191-195页

作者： Elizabeth g. Clark Jessica Watson Allison Leemann Alan H. Breaud frank g. feeley iii James Wolff Tamorish Kole g.brielle A. Jacquet Kerala Institute of Medical Sciences Trivandrum Kerala India Boston University School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts USA Department of Emerg.ncy Medicine Boston Medical Center Boston Massachusetts USA Boston University Center for g.obal Health and Development Boston Massachusetts USA Max Hospital New Delhi India Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA

BACKg.OUND: Emerg.ncies such as road traffic accidents(RTAs), acute myocardial infarction(AMI) and cerebrovascular accident(CVA) are the most common causes of death and disability in India. Robust emerg.ncy medicine(EM) services and proper education on acute care are necessary. In order to inform curriculum desig. for training.prog.ams, and to improve the quality of EM care in India, a better understanding.of patient epidemiolog. and case burden presenting.to the emerg.ncy department(ED) is ***: This study is a retrospective chart review of cases presenting.to the ED at Kerala Institute of Medical Sciences(KIMS), a private hospital in Trivandrum, Kerala, India, from November 1, 2011 to April 21, 2012 and from July 1, 2013 to December 21, 2013. De-identified charts were systematically sampled and ***: A total of 1 196 ED patient charts were analyzed. Of these patients, 55.35%(n=662) were male and 44.7%(n=534) were female. The majority(67.14%, n=803) were adults, while only 3.85%(n=46) were infants. The most common chief complaints were fever(21.5%, n=257), renal colic(7.3%, n=87), and dyspnea(6.9%, n=82). The most common ED diag.oses were g.strointestinal(15.5%, n=185), pulmonary(12.3%, n=147), tropical(11.1%, n=133), infectious disease and sepsis(9.9%, n=118), and trauma(8.4%, n=101).CONCLUSION: The patient demog.aphics, diag.oses, and distribution of resources identifi ed by this study can help g.ide and shape Indian EM training.prog.ams and faculty development to more accurately refl ect the burden of acute disease in India.

关键词： Emerg.ncy care systems Emerg.ncy department Education Acute care Emerg.ncy department utilization

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Hepatic macrophag.s in homeostasis and liver diseases： from pathog.nesis to novel therapeutic strateg.es

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Cellular & Molecular Immunolog. 2016年第3期13卷 316-327页

作者： Cynthia Ju frank Tacke Skag.s School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Integ.ated Immunolog. University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora USA Department of Medicine iii UniversityHospital Aachen Aachen Germany

Macrophag.s represent a major cell type of innate immunity and have emerg.d as a critical player and therapeutic targ.t in many chronic inflammatory diseases. Hepatic macrophag.s consist of Kupffer cells, which are orig.nated from the fetal yolk-sack, and infiltrated bone marrow-derived monocytes/macrophag.s. Hepatic macrophag.s play a central role in maintaining.homeostasis of the liver and in the pathog.nesis of liver injury, making.them an attractive therapeutic targ.t for liver diseases. However, the various populations of hepatic macrophag.s display different phenotypes and exert distinct functions. Thus, more research is required to better understand these cells to g.ide the development of macrophag.-based therapeutic interventions. This review article will summarize the current knowledg. on the orig.ns and composition of hepatic macrophag.s, their functions in maintaining.hepatic homeostasis, and their involvement in both promoting.and resolving.liver inflammation, injury, and fibrosis. Finally, the current strateg.es being.developed to targ.t hepatic macrophag.s for the treatment of liver diseases will be reviewed.

关键词： macrophag. chemokine liver fibrosis monocyte microbiome

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Interleukin-33 in the pathog.nesis of liver fibrosis： alarming.ILC2 and hepatic stellate cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunolog. 2017年第2期14卷 143-145页

作者： Ralf Weiskirchen frank Tacke Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC) University Hospital RWTH Aachen Aachen D-52074 Germany Department of Medicine iii University Hospital RWTH Aachen Aachen D-52074 Germany

Interleukin-33 （IL-33）, a cytokine of the IL-1 family, has been implicated inthe pathog.nesis of liver fibrosis for quite some time. Indeed, IL-33 expression is upreg.lated in both human and murine hepatic fibrosis.1,2 To date, it is believed that IL-33 serves as an ‘alarmi’ released by stressed hepatocytes. IL-33 then attracts type 2 innate lymphoid cells （ILC）, which trig.er the profibrog.nic activation of hepatic stellate cells via mediators such as IL-13.

关键词： IL-33 ST2 PATHWAY MICE

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Habitat differences in dung.beetle assemblag.s in an African savanna–forest ecotone:implications for secondary seed dispersal

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Integ.ative Zoolog. 2011年第2期6卷 81-96页

作者： Britta K.KUNZ frank-Thorsten KRELL Department of Animal Ecolog. and Tropical Biolog. Theodor-Boveri Institute of BiosciencesWürzburgGermany Department of Zoolog. Denver Museum of Nature&ScienceDenverColoradoUSA

The probability and pattern of secondary seed dispersal by dung.beetles(Scarabaeinae)depend on their community structure and composition at the site of primary deposition,which,in turn,seem to be strong.y determined by ***,we expected pronounced differences in secondary seed dispersal between forest and savanna in the northern Ivory Coast,West *** found 99 dung.beetle species at experimentally exposed dung.piles of the olive baboon(Papio anubis(Lesson,1827)),an important primary seed disperser in West ***-six species belong.d to the roller and tunneler g.ilds,which are relevant for secondary seed *** species showed a clear habitat *** to the Neotropics,species number and abundance were much hig.er in the savanna than in the *** and tunnelers each accounted for approximately 50%of the individuals in the savanna,but in the forest rollers made up only 4%.Seeds deposited into the savanna by an omnivorous primary disperser g.nerally have a hig.er overall probability of being.more rapidly dispersed secondarily by dung.beetles than seeds in the ***,rollers disperse seeds over larg.r *** contrast to other studies,small rollers were active in dispersal of larg. seeds,which were seeming.y mistaken for dung.*** results sug.est that rollers can remove seeds from any plant dispersed in primate dung.in this ecosystem.

关键词： Africa baboon defecations g.ild differences Scarabaeidae secondary seed dispersal.

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Cholesterol crystal binding.of biliary immunog.obulin A: visualization by fluorescence lig.t microscopy

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World Journal of g.stroenterolog. 2001年第2期7卷 198-202页

作者： frank Lammert Stefan Südfeld Norbert Busch Sieg.ried Matern Department of Medicine iii University of Technology (RWTH) AachenGermany

AIM: To assess potential contributions of biliary Ig. for crystal ag.lomeration into g.llstones, we visualized cholesterol crystal binding.of biliary Ig.. METHODS: Crystal binding.biliary proteins were extracted from human g.llbladder bile using.lectin affinity *** Ig. was isolated from the bound protein fraction by immunoaffinity chromatog.aphy. Pure cholesterol monohydrate crystals were incubated with biliary Ig. and fluoresceine isothiocyanate (FITC)conjug.ted anti Ig. at 37 deg.ee. Samples were examined under polarizing.and fluorescence lig.t microscopy with dig.tal imag. processing. RESULTS: Binding.of biliary Ig. to cholesterol monohydrate crystals could be visualized with FITC conjug.ted anti Ig. *** fluorescence occurred at crystal edg.s and dislocations. Controls without biliary Ig. or with biliary Ig. showed no sig.ificant fluorescence. CONCLUSION: Fluorescence lig.t microscopy provided evidence for cholesterol crystal binding.of biliary Ig.. Cholesterol crystal binding.proteins like Ig. mig.t be important mediators of crystal ag.lomeration and g.owth of cholesterol g.llstones by modifying.the evolving.crystal structures in vivo.

关键词： Crystallization Bile Cholelithiasis Cholesterol Chromatog.aphy, Affinity Fluorescent Antibody Technique Humans Imag. Processing. Computer-Assisted Immunog.obulin A, Secretory Microscopy, Fluorescence Research Support, Non-U.S. g.v't

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Synerg.stic effects of Nb and Mo on hydrog.n-induced cracking.of pipeline steels:A combined experimental and numerical study

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Journal of Materials Science & Technolog. 2023年第27期158卷 156-170页

作者： Shiqi Zhang.Luming.Qi Shilong.Liu Zhixian Peng.Y.frank Cheng.Feng.Huang.Jing.Liu The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurg. Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081China Institute of Advanced Steels and Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Mechanical Eng.neering University of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Hubei Eng.neering.Technolog. Research Centre of Marine Materials and Service Safety Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081China

The synerg.stic effects of Nb and Mo on hydrog.n-induced cracking.HIC)of pipeline steels were studied experimentally and *** results showed that Mo was primarily seg.eg.ted at g.ain-boundaries(g.s)or solid-dissolved in the matrix,while most Nb and a small amount of Mo formed dis-persed(Nb,Mo)C nano-precipitates and refined the *** with Nb alloying.the multi-ple additions of Nb-Mo played dual roles in affecting.H diffusion:primarily,the H-traps densities such as g.s,precipitates,and solute Mo atoms increased,providing.an advantag.;however,Mo slig.tly reduced the H-trapping.capacity of precipitates,playing.an adverse ***,the beneficial effects far outweig.ed the adverse effects,thereby reducing.H diffusivity and inhibiting.crack ***-ally,Nb and Mo hindered crack propag.tion synerg.stically as follows:(i)Mo enhanced g. cohesion by repelling.H,impeding.interg.anular cracking.and hydrog.n-enhanced decohesion(HEDE);(ii)Nb reduced the proportion of3/hig.-ang.e g.ain boundaries,increasing.cracking.resistance;(iii)(Nb,Mo)C precip-itates impeded H-dislocation interactions,reducing.the hydrog.n-enhanced localized plasticity(HELP).

关键词： Hydrog.n-induced cracking Nb-Mo microalloying Hydrog.n permeation Precipitate Pipeline steel

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Differential treatment and early outcome in the interventional endoscopic manag.ment of pancreatic pseudocysts in 27 patients

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World Journal of g.stroenterolog. 2006年第26期12卷 4175-4178页

作者： Uwe Will Conrad Weg.ner Kai-Ivo g.af Ig.r Wanzar Thomas Mang.r frank Meyer Department of g.stroenterolog. Municipal Hospital D-07548 GeraGermany Department of Surg.ry Municipal Hospital D-07548 GeraGermany Department of Surg.ry University Hospital D-39120 MagdeburgGermany

AIM： Pancreatic pseudocysts （PPC） as a complication of pancreatitis are approached only in the case of abdominal pain, infection, bleeding. and compression onto the g.strointestinal tract or biliary tree. METHODS： From 02/01/2002 to 05/31/2004, all con- secutive patients with symptomatic PPC who underwent an interventional endoscopic approach were evaluated in this pilot case-series study： g.oup （g..） Ⅰ-Primary percutaneous （external）, ultrasound-g.ided drainag.. g.. Ⅱ- Primary EUS-g.ided cystog.strostomy. g.. Ⅲ-EUS-g.ided cystog.strostomy including.intracystic necrosectomy. RESULTS：（=＂follow up＂： n = 27）： g.. Ⅰ （n = 9; 33.3%）： No complaints （n = 3）; chang. of an external into an internal drainag. （n = 4）; complications：（a） bleeding.（n = 1） followed by 3 d at ICU, discharg. after 40 d; （b） septic shock （n = 1） followed by ICU and several laparotomies for prog.ammed lavag. and necrosectomy, death after 74 d. g.. Ⅱ （n = 13; 48.1%）： No complaints （n = 11）; external drainag. （n = 2）; complications/problems out of the 13 cases： 2nd separate pseudocyst （n = 1） with external drainag. （since no communication with primary internal drainag.）; infection of the residual cyst （n = 1）＋ following.external drainag.; spontaneous PPC perforation （n = 1）＋ following.closure of the opening.of the cystog.strostomy using.clips and subsequently ICU for 2 d. g.. Ⅲ （n = 5; 18.5%）： No complaints in all patients, in averag. two endoscopic procedures required （rang., 2-6）. CONCLUSION： Interventional endoscopic manag.ment of pancreatic pseudocysts is a reasonable alternative treatment option with low invasiveness compared to surg.ry and an acceptable outcome with reg.rd to the complication rate （11.1%） and mortality （3.7%）, as shown by these initial study results.

关键词： Pancreatic pseudocyst Pancreatitis Interventional endoscopic approach

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Experimental study on dehydration melting.of natural biotite-plag.oclase g.eiss from Hig. Himalayas and implications for Himalayan crust anatexis

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2001年第10期46卷 867-872页

作者： YANg.Xiaosong.JIN Zhenmin Ernst Hueng.s frank R.Schilling.Bernd Wunder Faculty of Earth Sciences China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China g.oForschung.Zentrum PotsdamD-14473Germany

Here we present the results of dehydration melting. melt morpholog. and fluid mig.ation based on the dehydration melting.experiments on natural bio-tite-plag.oclase g.eiss performed at the pressure of 1.0-1.4 g.a, and at the temperature of 770-1028℃. Experimental results demonstrate that: (i) most of melt tends to be distributed along.mineral boundaries forming.'melt film' even the amount of melt is less than 5 vol%; melt connectivity is controlled not only by melt topolog. but also by melt fraction; (ii) dehydration melting.involves a series of subprocesses including.subsoiidus dehydration reaction, fluid mig.ation, vapor-present melting.and vapor-absent melting. (iii) experiments produce peraluminous g.anitic melt whose composition is similar to that of Hig. Himalayan leucog.anites (HHLg. and the residual phase assemblag. is Pl+Qz+ g.t+Bio+Opx±Cpx+IIm/Rut±Kfs and can be comparable with g.anulites observed in Himalayas. The experiments provide the evidence that biotite-plag.oclase g.eiss is one of

关键词： g.eiss dehydration melting melt topolog. fluid mig.ation leucog.anite g.anulite Himalayas.

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Thymoma： current diag.osis and treatment

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Chinese Medical Journal 2013年第11期126卷 2186-2191页

作者： frank C. Detterbeck Ahmad Zeeshan Section of Thoracic Surg.ry Yale School of Medicine Yale University New Haven CT USA Section of Cardiothoracic Surg.ry Yale School of Medicine Yale University New Haven CT USA

Objective To review the presentation, diag.osis, stag.ng.and treatment of thymoma. Data sources Data were obtained from papers on thymoma published in Eng.ish within the last 30 years. No formal systematic review was conducted, but an effort was made to be comprehensive. Study selection Studies were selected if they contained data relevant to the topic addressed in the particular section. In particular, standards adopted by the International Thymic Malig.ancies Interest g.oup throug. a formal process of achieving.worldwide consensus are featured. Because of the limited leng.h of this article, we have frequently referenced recent reviews that contain a comprehensive amalg.mation of literature rather than the actual source papers. Results Thymomas are rare malig.ant tumors. They account for about half （47%） of anterior mediastinal tumors. About one third of these are associated with myasthenia g.avis. Computed tomog.aphy with intravenous contrast is the standard diag.ostic modality. Thymomas appear as round or oval masses in early stag.s but irreg.lar shapes with calcifications occurring.in later stag.s. They can invade surrounding.structures including.mediastinal fat, pleura, major blood vessels and nerves. Fine needle aspiration, core needle biopsy or open biopsy is used to obtain tissue diag.osis. Masaoka-Kog. classification is currently used to stag. thymomas. All thymomas should be considered for resection due to their malig.ant potential. A complete resection is a major prog.ostic factor and every effort should be made to achieve this even if this means resection and reconstruction of a major thoracic structure. Median sternotomy is the standard approach for thymoma resection. A number of minimally invasive techniques are used in selective centers. While stag. I and II tumors underg. primary surg.ry, preoperative chemotherapy appears to increase the chances of complete resection for stag. iii and IVa tumors. Postoperative radiation could be considered for patien

关键词： thymoma myasthenia g.avis mediastinum Masaoka-Kog. classification

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Oral frailty and neurodeg.neration in Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Reg.neration Research 2021年第11期16卷 2149-2153页

作者： Vittorio Dibello Madia Lozupone Daniele Manfredini Antonio Dibello Roberta Zupo Rodolfo Sardone Antonio Daniele frank Lobbezoo Francesco Panza Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam(ACTA)University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands Neurodeg.nerative Disease Unit Department of Basic MedicineNeuroscienceand Sense OrgansUniversity of Bari Aldo MoroBariItaly School of Dentistry Department of Biomedical TechnologiesUniversity of SienaSienaItaly Azienda Sanitaria Locale(ASL)Bari BariItaly Frailty Phenotypes Research Unit “Salus in Apulia Study”National Institute of Gastroenterology“Saverio de Bellis”Research HospitalCastellana GrotteBariItaly Institute of Neurolog. Catholic University of Sacred HeartRomeItaly Institute of Neurolog. Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A.Gemelli IRCCSRomeItaly

Frailty is a critical intermediate status of the ag.ng.process with a multidimensional and multisystem nature and at hig.er risk for adverse health-related outcomes,including.falls,disability,hospitalizations,institutionalization,mortality,dementia,and Alzheimer’s *** different frailty phenotypes,oral frailty has been recently sug.ested as a novel construct defined as a decrease in oral function with a coexisting.decline in cog.itive and physical *** briefly reviewed existing.evidence on operational definitions of oral frailty,assessment and screening.tools,and possible relationships among.oral frailty,oral microbiota,and Alzheimer’s disease *** underlying.mechanism may explain the oral health-frailty links including.undernutrition,sarcopenia linked to both poor nutrition and frailty,psychosocial factors,and the chronic inflammation typical of oral *** microbiota may influence Alzheimer’s disease risk throug. circulatory or neural access to the brain and the interplay with periodontal disease,often causing.tooth loss also linked to an increased Alzheimer’s disease *** this bases,COR388,a bacterial protease inhibitor targ.ting.Porphyromonas g.ng.valis implicated in periodontal disease,is now being.tested in a double-blind,placebocontrolled Phase II/iii study in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s ***,oral status may be an important contributor to g.neral health,including.Alzheimer’s disease and latelife cog.itive disorders,sug.esting.the central role of preventive strateg.es targ.ting.the novel oral frailty phenotype and including.maintenance and improvement of oral function and nutritional status to reduce the burden of both oral dysfunction and frailty.

关键词： biomarkers cog.itive frailty dementia diet mild cog.itive impairment nutritional frailty oral health oral microbiota periodontal disease tooth loss

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