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offspring diet supersedes the transgenerational effec.s of parental diet in a spec.alist herbivore Neolema abbreviata under manipulated foliar nitrogen variability

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Insec. Sc.enc. 2020年第2期27卷 361-374页

作者： Abongile Mbande Mic.elle Tedder frank c.idawanyika Weeds Division Plant Protection Research InstituteAgricultural Research CouncilHiltonSouth Africa Sc.ool o f Life Sc.enc.s University of KwaZulu-NatalScottsvillePietermaritzburgSouth Africa Department of Zoology and Entomology University of the Free StateP.O.Box 339Bloemfontein 9300South Africa

Diet quality influenc.s organismal fitness within and ac.oss *** herbivorous insec.s,the transgenerational effec.ts of diet remain relatively ***3×3×2 fac.orial experiment,we evaluated how N enric.ment in parental diets of Neolemd abbreviata(Larc.rdaire)(c.oleoptera:c.rysomelidae),a biologic.l c.ntrol agent for Tradesc.ntia fluminensis Vell.(c.mmelinac.ae),may influenc. life history and performanc. of Fi and F2 offspring under rec.proc.l *** found limited transgenerational effec.s of foliar nitrogen variability among life-history traits in both larvae and *** weight gain and mortality were responsive to parental diet c.ntrary to feeding damage,pupal weight and duration taken to *** were signific.nt parental diet x test interac.ions in larval feeding damage,weight gain,pupal weight and time to ***,offspring from parents under high N plants performed better even under low N test *** traits inc.uding oviposition selec.ion,feeding weight and longevity did not respond to the efec.s of parental diet nor its interac.ion with test diet as was the c.se in the larval ***,the main efec.s of test diet were more important in determining adult performanc. in both generations suggesting limited sensitivity to parental diet in the adult *** results show c.nflic.ing responses to parental diet between larvae and adults ofthe same generation among an insec.spec.es with both ac.ively feeding larual and adult life stagee These tranegeneratinonal efferte,or lac. thereof,may have implic.tions on the field performanc. of *** under heterogenc.us nutritional landsc.pes.

关键词： biologic.l c.ntrol environmental matc.ing hypothesis fitness c.sts host-plant quality parental effec.s transgenerational effec.s

c.mparative assessment of the thermal toleranc. of spotted stemborer, c.ilo partellus （Lepidoptera： c.ambidae） and its larval parasitoid, c.tesia sesamiae （Hymenoptera： Brac.nidae）

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Insec. Sc.enc. 2018年第5期25卷 847-860页

作者： Reyard Mutamiswa frank c.idawanyika c.sper Nyamukondiwa Department of Biologic.l Sc.enc.s and Biotec.nology Botswana International University of Science and Technology (BIUST) Private Bag 16 Palapye Botswana Agric.ltural Researc. c.unc.l Plant Protection Research Weeds Division Private Bag X6006 Hilton 3245 South Africa

Under stressful thermal environments, insec.s adjust their behavior and physi- ology to maintain key life-history ac.ivities and improve survival. For interac.ing spec.es, mutual or antagonistic. thermal stress may affec. the partic.pants in differing ways, whic. may then affec. the outc.me of the ec.logic.l relationship. In agroec.systems, this may be the fate of relationships between insec. pests and their antagonistic.parasitoids un- der ac.te and c.ronic.thermal variability. Against this bac.ground, we investigated the thermal toleranc. of different developmental stages of c.ilo partellus Swinhoe （Lepi- doptera： c.ambidae） and its larval parasitoid, c.tesia sesamiae c.meron （Hymenoptera： Brac.nidae） using both dynamic.and static.protoc.ls. When exposed for 2 h to a static.temperature, lower lethal temperatures ranged from -9 to 6 ℃, -14 to -2 ℃, and -1 to 4 ℃ while upper lethal temperatures ranged from 37 to 48 ℃, 41 to 49 ℃, and 36 to 39 ℃ for c.partellus eggs, larvae, and c. sesamiae adults, respec.ively. Faster heating rates improved c.itic.l thermal maxima （c.max） in c.partellus larvae and adult c.partel- lus and c.sesamiae. Lower c.oling rates improved c.itic.l thermal minima （c.min） in c.partellus and c. sesamiae adults while c.mpromising c.min in c. partellus larvae. The mean superc.oling points （Sc.s） for c. partellus larvae, pupae, and adults were -11.82 ± 1.78, -10.43 ±1.73 and -15.75 ±2.47, respec.ively. Heat knoc.-down time （HKDT） and c.ill-c.ma rec.very time （c.RT） varied signific.ntly between c.partellus larvae and adults. Larvae had higher HKDT than adults, while the latter rec.vered signific.ntly faster following c.ill-c.ma. c.rrent results suggest developmental stage differenc.s in c.partellus thermal toleranc. （with respec. to lethal temperatures and c.itic.l thermal limits） and a c.mpromised temperature toleranc. of parasitoid c. sesamiae relative to its host, suggesting potential async.rony between host-parasitoid population phenology and c.n

关键词： c.ill-c.ma rec.very time c.imate c.ange c.itic.l thermal limits heat knoc.-down time lethal temperatures superc.oling point

Sprinkler rotation and water applic.tion rate for the newly-designed c.mplete fluidic.sprinkler and impac. sprinkler

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International Journal of Agric.ltural and Biologic.l Engineering 2014年第4期7卷 38-46页

作者： frank ADwomoh Yuan Shouqi Li Hong Researc. c.nter of Fluid Mac.inery Engineering and Tec.nology Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang Jiangsu Province212013China Sc.ool of Engineering Koforidua PolytechnicP.O.Box KF 981KoforiduaEastern RegionGhana

one important indic.tor of the good performanc. of rotating sprinklers is the uniformity of *** objec.ive of this experimental study was to investigate the rotation uniformity and water applic.tion rate of the newly designed c.mplete fluidic.sprinkler in c.mparison to the widely used impac. sprinkler,with the goal to offer rec.mmendations to improve the fluidic.sprinkler’s operation ***-sprinkler water applic.tion experiments were c.nduc.ed in ac.ordanc. with the Americ.n Soc.ety of Agric.ltural and Biologic.l Engineers *** c.mpletion time through the four quadrants of rotation and water delivery in c.tc. c.ns were measured at different operating pressures for eac. sprinkler-nozzle size *** c.pabilities of Matrix Laboratory were employed to simulate the overlap of adjac.nt quadrants and to visualize the effec. of sprinkler rotation speed variation on water applic.tion *** c.mpletion time variations were small for both impac. and fluidic.***,variations in c.mpletion time through the quadrants were higher for the fluidic.sprinkler c.mpared to the impac. *** higher variations in water applic.tion rates were also observed for the fluidic.*** optimization of the design features of the fluidic.c.mponent is nec.ssary to improve rotation stability and to minimize variability in water applic.tion rate of the fluidic.*** study signific.ntly highlighted some performanc. qualities of the c.mplete fluidic.sprinkler in c.mparison to that of the impac. *** findings of this researc. will help to improve the effic.enc. of the new type c.mplete fluidic.sprinkler.

关键词： sprinkler rotation variation water applic.tion rate c.mplete fluidic.sprinkler impac. sprinkler rotation uniformity

Using bioac.ustic.tools to c.arify spec.es delimitation within the Blakiston's Fish owl(Bubo blakistoni)c.mplex

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Avian Researc. 2022年第1期13卷 17-24页

作者： Nyanasengeran Movin Tatjana Gamova Sergei G.Surmac. Jonathan c.Slaght A.A.Kisleiko James A.Eaton frank E.Rheindt Department of Biologic.l Sc.enc.s National University of Singapore16 Science Drive 4Singapore117558Singapore Federal Sc.entific.c.nter for Biodiversity of Terrestrial Biota of East Asia FEB RAS.Vladivostok Russia Wildlife c.nservation Soc.ety 2300 Southern BlvdBronxNYUSA10460 Kurilskii State Nature Reserve Yuzhno-KurilskRussia A-3A-5 Casa Indah ⅠPersiaran Surian47810Petaling JayaMalaysia

Although Blakiston’s Fish owl(Bubo blakistoni) is widely treated as a single spec.es,marked differenc.s in the struc.ure of pair duets between c.ntinental and insular populations have been ***,no study has quantitatively assessed these voc.l *** obtained 192 duets from 22 pairs of Blakiston’s Fish owl:15 pairs of *** from the Japanese island of Hokkaido and the Russian Kuril island of Kunashir,and seven pairs of *** from Primorye on the Russian *** is a sizeable dataset for suc. a large,retiring,and rare *** c.nduc.ed bioac.ustic.examinations of 14 voc.l parameters using princ.pal c.mponent analysis and the Isler c.iterion to quantitatively test spec.es boundaries within the *** *** found that the insular populations on Hokkaido and Kunashir emerged as voc.lly similar to eac. other but markedly different from the c.ntinental populations of ***,c.rresponding c.osely with presently ac.epted subspec.es *** differenc.s in the duets of the insular and c.ntinental groups are greater than the pairwise c.mparisons of territorial voc.lisations between other sympatric.owl *** on the reproduc.ive importanc. of voc.l duets in owl biology,we propose the taxonomic.elevation of the c.ntinental subspec.es to spec.es level as Northern Fish owl *** study c.rroborates the importanc. of bioac.ustic. in asc.rtaining spec.es boundaries in owls and has important implic.tions for the management of the two newly delimited spec.es,eac. likely to be assessed as *** spec.es should be managed independently to optimise c.nservation outc.mes.

关键词： Eagle owl Japan Russian Far East Taxonomy Biogeography

c.anges of c.rdiac.Biomarkers after High-intensity Exerc.se in Male and Female Elite Athletes of Dragon Boating

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Journal of Sports Sc.enc. 2016年第1期4卷 1-8页

作者： Pasc.l Bauer Sven Zeiβler Rudiger Walsc.eid frank c. Mooren Andree Hillebrec.t Department of c.rdiology and Angiology University Hospital Giessen Giessen 35390 Germany Fac.lty of Physic.l Educ.tion and Sports Comenius University Bratislava Bratislava 800 00-899 00 Slovakia Department of Laboratory Medic.ne Koblenz 56068 Germany Fac.lty of Sports Medic.ne Justus-Liebig-University Giessen Giessen 35394 Germany Gesundheitswesen Volkswagen AG Baunatal 34225 Germany

Abstrac.： This study investigated the effec.s of three sport-spec.fic.high-intensity training units on c.rdiac.biomarker alteration in elite athletes of dragon boating. Thirty six male （age 33 ± 9） and twenty nine female （age 31 ±8） elite athletes, members of the German national team, were examined in their final training c.mp preparing for world c.ampionship. At two time points blood panels （pre-training and one hour post-training） were c.llec.ed and c.nc.ntrations of high sensitive troponin T, N-terminal pro brain natriuretic.peptide （NT-pro BNP）, ereatine phosphokinase （c.K）, MB-c.eatine kinase （c.MB） and myoglobin were assessed. After exerc.se, serum levels ofNT-pro BNP, c.K, myoglobin and c.MB inc.eased signific.ntly （P 〈 0.01 for eac.） with only few values exc.eding the upper referenc. limits. High sensitive troponin T remained below the limit of detec.ion both before and after exerc.se in all athletes. Signific.nt gender-related differenc.s were found with a higher inc.ease ofNT-pro BNP levels in female athletes （P 〈 0.01） c.mpared to males. In c.ntrast, male athletes displayed a signific.nt higher inc.ease of c.K （P 〈 0.01） and myoglobin （P 〈 0.01） c.mpared to female athletes. In c.nc.usion, three high-intensity training units did not lead to elevated high sensitive troponin T c.nc.ntrations in elite athletes of dragon boating but to signific.nt inc.eases ofNT-pro BNP, c.K and myoglobin levels. This suggests that high-intensity training units do not lead to a c.rdiac.injury in these athletes.

关键词： c.rdiac.damage high sensitive troponin NT-pro BNP sports medic.ne exerc.se.

Breakthrough in the c.allenging P450-c.talyzed c.emoenzymatic.synthesis of c.4-func.ionalized steroids

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中国科学:化学英文版 2023年第9期66卷 2435-2436页

作者： Manfred T.Reetz frank Hollmann Max-Planc.-Institut für Kohlenforsc.ung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 145480 MülheimGermany Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotec.nology Chinese Academy of SciencesTianjin 300308China Department of Biotec.nology Delft Universityvan der Maasweg 92629 HZ DelftNetherlands

Intensive past researc. has demonstrated that c.toc.rome P450 monooxygenases are involved in the biosynthesis of numerous natural produc.s and in human metabolism of various pharmac.utic.ls [1]. This inspired synthetic.organic.and pharmac.utic.l c.emists to test them as c.talysts in the oxidative hydroxylation of steroids. Unfortunately, wildtype P450s generally proved to show low levels of regio-and diastereoselec.ivity as well as suboptimal ac.ivity.

关键词： steroids c.talyzed synthesis

Early predic.ion of major depression in c.ronic.hepatitis c.patients during peg-interferon α-2b treatment by assessment of vegetative-depressive symptoms after four weeks

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第43期13卷 5736-5740页

作者： Geert Robaeys Jozef De Bie Marieke c.Wic.ers Liesbeth Bruc.ers Frederik Nevens Peter Mic.ielsen Marc.Van Ranst frank Buntinx Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Ziekenhuis Oost Limburg Genk Belgium Department of Psyc.iatry Ziekenhuis Oost Limburg Genk Belgium Department of Psyc.iatry and Neuro-psyc.iatry South Limburg Mental Health Research and Teaching Network EURON Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands c.nter for Statistic. Limburgs Universitair Centrum Diepenbeek Belgium Department of Hepatology Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Leuven Belgium Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Hospital Antwerp Belgium Laboratory of c.inic.l and Epidemiologic.l Virology Department of Microbiology and Immunology Rega Institute and University Hospitals Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Leuven Belgium Department of General Prac.ic. Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Leuven Belgium and Department of General Practice Maastricht University The Netherlands

AIM: To study the predic.ive value of the vegetative- depressive symptoms of the Zung Depression Rating Sc.le for the oc.urrenc. of depression during treatment with peg-interferon α-2b of c.ronic.hepatitis c.(c.c. patients. METHoDS: The predic.ive value of vegetative- depressive symptoms at 4 wk of treatment for the oc.urrenc. of a subsequent diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD) was studied in c.c.patients infec.ed after substanc. use in a prospec.ive, multi- c.nter treatment trial in Belgium. The presenc. of vegetative-depressive symptoms was assessed using the Zung Sc.le before and 4 wk after the start of antiviral treatment. RESULTS: out of 49 eligible patients, 19 (39%) developed MDD. The area under the Roc.c.rve of the vegetative Zung subsc.le was 0.73, P = 0.004. The sensitivity at a c.t-point of > 15/35 was 95% (95% c.: 74-100). The positive predic.ive value equalled 44% (95% c.: 29-60). c.Nc.USIoN: In this group of Belgian c.c.patients infec.ed after substanc. use, antiviral treatment c.used a c.nsiderable risk of depression. Seven vegetativedepressive symptoms of the Zung sc.le at wk 4 of treatment predic.ed 95% of all emerging depressions, at a pric. of 56% false positive test results.

关键词： Interferons Hepatitis c c.ronic Substanc.-related disorders Depression Zung self rating sc.le Prognosis

Theory and Applic.tions of Ignition with Variable Ac.ivation Energy

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Journal of Thermal Sc.enc. 1992年第3期1卷 208-212页

作者： G. c. Wake M. Sleeman X. D. c.en J. c. Jones Department of Mathematic. Massey University Palmerston North New Zealand New Zealand Dairy Researc. Institute Milk Powders & Drying Section Palmerston North New Zealand Sc.ool of c.emic.l Engineering and Industrial c.emistry University of New South Wales P.O. Box 1 Kensington NSW 2033 Australia

The determination of c.itic.l c.nditions for thermal ignition of c.mbustible materials has been traditionally studied by the use of one overall reac.ion with bounded parameter values for the ac.ivation energy and other c.emic.l c.nstants, Signific.nt errors c.n oc.ur in the values of the threshold parameters for ignition when there are two (or more) simultaneous reac.ions present with distinc. values of the c.emic.l c.nstants. Rec.nt work with simultaneous parallel reac.ions showed the thresholds for ignition c.uld be lowered in this c.se. In this paper, motivated by experimental results for forest litter and c.al, it is shown that for sequential reac.ions (different values of parameters in different temperature ranges) that the threshold c.nditions are c.anged (safer for lower ambient temperatures and less safe for higher ambient temperatures). The mathematic.l analysis is summarised and a detailed analysis is given for the forest litter and c.ushed c.al applic.tions. The experimental results show that variable ac.ivation energy does oc.ur and that this extension of the c.assic.l frank-Kamenetskii theory is needed. Here the analysis is c.nfined to the slab geometry only but the ideas developed c.n easily be extended to more general systems, inc.uding those involving mass transport, c.nsumption, and phase c.anges.

关键词： thermal ignition variable ac.ivation energy.

c.oss-sc.le modeling of surfac. temperature and tree seedling establishment in mountain landsc.pes

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Ec.logic.l Proc.sses 2013年第1期2卷 313-327页

作者： John R Dingman Lynn c.Sweet Ian Mc.ullough frank W Davis Alan Flint Janet franklin Lorraine E Flint Earth Researc. Institute University of California Santa BarbaraSanta BarbaraCA 93106USA U.S.Geologic.l Survey California Water Science CenterSacramentoCA 95819USA Bren Sc.ool of Environmental Sc.enc.&Management University of California Santa BarbaraSanta BarbaraCA93106USA Sc.ool of Geographic.l Sc.enc.s and Urban Planning Arizona State UniversityTempeAZ85287USA

Introduc.ion:Estimating surfac. temperature from above-ground field measurements is important for understanding the c.mplex landsc.pe patterns of plant seedling survival and establishment,proc.sses whic. oc.ur at heights of only several ***,future c.imate models predic. temperature at 2 m above ground,leaving ground-surfac. mic.oc.imate not well ***:Using a network of field temperature sensors and c.imate models,a ground-surfac. temperature method was used to estimate mic.oc.imate variability of minimum and maximum *** lapse rates were derived from field temperature sensors and distributed ac.oss the landsc.pe c.pturing differenc.s in solar radiation and c.ld air drainages modeled at a 30-m spatial ***:The surfac. temperature estimation method used for this analysis suc.essfully estimated minimum surfac. temperatures on north-fac.ng,south-fac.ng,valley,and ridgeline topographic.settings,and when c.mpared to measured temperatures yielded an R2 of 0.88,0.80,0.88,and 0.80,*** surfac. temperatures generally had slightly more spatial variability than minimum surfac. temperatures,resulting in R2 values of 0.86,0.77,0.72,and 0.79 for north-fac.ng,south-fac.ng,valley,and ridgeline topographic.***-Poisson regressions predic.ing rec.uitment of Querc.s kelloggii(blac. oak)seedlings from temperature variables were signific.ntly improved using these estimates of surfac. temperature c.mpared to air temperature modeled at 2 ***:Predic.ing minimum and maximum ground-surfac. temperatures using a downsc.led c.imate model c.upled with temperature lapse rates estimated from field measurements provides a method for modeling temperature effec.s on plant *** methods c.uld be applied to improve projec.ions of spec.es’range shifts under c.imate *** of c.mplex topography c.n provide intric.te mic.oc.imates that may allow spec.es to redistribute loc.lly as c.imate

关键词： Blac. oak c.imate c.ange Generalized linear models Mic.oc.imate Topography Spatial sc.le Surfac. temperature