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Impacts of climate change on the yields of leguminous crops in the Guinea Savanna agroecological zone of Ghana

Regional Sustainability 2023年第2期4卷 139-149页

作者： Enoch YELELIERE Philip ANTWI-AGYEI frank baffour-ata Department of Environmental Science College of ScienceKwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana

The impacts of climate change on crop yields are receiving renewed interest,with focus on cereals and staple crops at the regional and national ***,the impacts of climate change on the yields of leguminous crops in the local context has not been ***,an in-depth understanding of climate change in the local context may support the design of locally relevant adaptation responses to current and future climate *** study examined the impacts of climate variables(annual rainfall,annual average temperature,rainfall indices(rainfall onset,rainfall cessation,and the length of rainy days),and the number of dry days)on the yields of leguminous crops(groundnuts,cowpeas,and soybeans)in the Guinea Savanna agroecological zone of Ghana during the period of *** data were analysed using Mann-Kendall’s trend,Sen’s slope test,correlation analysis,and Multiple Regression Analysis(MRA).The findings revealed that annual rainfall,annual average temperature,rainfall onset,rainfall cessation,and the length of rainy days,and the number of dry days all showed varied impacts on the yields of groundnuts,cowpeas,and *** trend analysis detected a marginal decrease in the amount of rainfall,rainfall onset,and the number of dry days from 1989 to 2020(P>0.050).Annual average temperature and the length of rainy days substantially varied(P<0.050)from 1989 to 2020,showing an increasing *** findings also showed a marked upward trend for the yields of groundnuts,cowpeas,and soybeans during *** climate variables analysed above increased the yields of groundnuts,cowpeas,and soybeans by 49.0%,55.0%,and 69.0%,*** yields of groundnuts,cowpeas,and soybeans fluctuated with the variability of 30.0%,28.0%,and 27.0%from 2005 to 2020,*** three leguminous crops under study demonstrated unpredictable yields due to the variations of annual rainfall,annual average temperature,rainfall onset,rainfall cessation,the length of rainy days,and

关键词： Climate change Leguminous crops(groundnuts,cowpeas,and soybeans) Guinea Savanna Annual average temperature Rainfall indices Number of dry days

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Motivations,enablers and barriers to the adoption of climate-smart agricultural practices by smallholder farmers:Evidence from the transitional and savannah agroecological zones of Ghana

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Regional Sustainability 2021年第4期2卷 375-386页

作者： Philip ANTWI-AGYEI Emmanuel Mawuli ABALO Andrew John DOUGILL frank baffour-ata Department of Environmental Science Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana Sustainability Research Institute School of Earth and EnvironmentUniversity of LeedsLS29JT LeedsUnited Kingdom

This paper examined the prioritized climate-smart agricultural practices by smallholder farmers,the motivations of adopting climate-smart agricultural practices,the enablers to the successful adoption of climate-smart agricultural practices,and the barriers to the successful adoption of climate-smart agricultural practices in the transitional and savannah agroecological zones of ***,we employed ethnographic research using participatory approaches,including two stakeholder workshops and household surveys with 1061 households in the transitional and savannah agroecological zones of *** weighted average index(WAI)and problem confrontation index(PCI)were used to rank smallholder farmers’perceived enablers to the adoption of climate-smart agricultural practices and the barriers affecting climate-smart agricultural practices,*** suggest that the majority of the respondents used a suite of climate-smart agricultural practices,including the timely harvesting of produce and storage,emergency seed banking,appropriate and timely weed and pest control,and early planting as practices to build climate *** majority of smallholder farmers primarily employed climate-smart agricultural practices to improve household food security(96.2%),reduce pests and diseases(95.6%),and obtain higher yields and greater farm income(93.2%).Findings also show that secured land tenure system arrangement,understanding the effects of climate change,and access to sustainable agricultural technologies were ranked the first,second,and third most important enablers to the adoption of climate-smart agricultural practices with the WAI values of 2.86,2.75,and 2.70,*** barriers to the successful adoption of climate-smart agricultural practices included incidences of pests and diseases(PCI=2530),inadequate access to agricultural credit(PCI=2502),high cost of improved crop varieties(PCI=2334),and limited government support with farm inputs(PCI=2296).Sm

关键词： Climate-smart agriculture Smallholder farmers Food security Climate change Weighted average index Problem confrontation index Ghana

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Climatic and non-climatic factors driving the livelihood vulnerability of smallholder farmers in Ahafo Ano North District,Ghana

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Regional Sustainability 2024年第3期5卷 24-39页

作者： frank baffour-ata Louisa BOAKYE Moses Tilatob GADO Ellen BOAKYE-YIADOM Sylvia Cecilia MENSAH Senyo Michael KWAKU KUMFO Kofi Prempeh OSEI OWUSU Emmanuel CARR Emmanuel DZIKUNU Patrick DAVIES Department of Environmental Science Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiAK-039-5028Ghana Department of Meteorology and Climate Science Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiAK-039-5028Ghana

Smallholder farmers in Ahafo Ano North District,Ghana,face multiple climatic and non-climatic *** study assessed the factors contributing to the livelihood vulnerability of smallholder farmers in this district by household surveys with 200 respondents and focus group discussions(FGDs)with 10 *** Mann–Kendall trend test was used to assess mean annual rainfall and temperature trends from 2002 to *** relative importance index(RII)value was used to rank the climatic and non-climatic factors perceived by *** socioeconomic characteristics affecting smallholder farmers’perceptions of climatic and non-climatic factors were evaluated by the binary logistic regression *** showed that mean annual rainfall decreased(P>0.05)but mean annual temperature significantly increased(P<0.05)from 2002 to 2022 in the *** key climatic factors perceived by smallholder farmers were extreme heat or increasing temperature(RII=0.498),erratic rainfall(RII=0.485),and increased windstorms(RII=0.475).The critical non-climatic factors were high cost of farm inputs(RII=0.485),high cost of healthcare(RII=0.435),and poor condition of roads to farms(RII=0.415).Smallholder farmers’perceptions of climatic and non-climatic factors were significantly affected by their socioeconomic characteristics(P<0.05).This study concluded that these factors negatively impact the livelihoods and well-being of smallholder farmers and socioeconomic characteristics influence their perceptions of these ***,to enhance the resilience of smallholder farmers to climate change,it is necessary to adopt a comprehensive and context-specific approach that accounts for climatic and non-climatic factors.

关键词： Smallholder farmers Livelihood vulnerability Climate change Socioeconomic characteristics Food security Ghana

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Decoding complexity: the need to enhance precision and streamline spatial understanding in neuroscience

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 801-802页

作者： Sameehan Mahajani Armita Salahi Brenda Gonzalez Charlotte Nelson frank Hsiung Biology&Applications Division NodexusSan JoseCAUSA

Neuroscience is the ultimate frontier in our quest for a comprehensive understanding of human behavior. Since its launch in 2009, the Human Connectome Project has emerged as a pioneering force, making heroic strides i... 详细信息

关键词： behavior frontier dating

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From basic properties to the Mott design of correlated delafossites

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 1084-1100页

作者： frank Lechermann European XFEL SchenefeldGermany Center for Computational Quantum Physics Flatiron InstituteNew YorkNYUSA

The natural-heterostructure concept realized in delafossites highlights these layered *** metallic,band-or Mott-insulating character may be associated with individual layers,inter-layer coupling still plays a decisive *** review the correlated electronic structure of PdCoO_(2),PdCrO_(2),and AgCrO_(2),showing that layer-entangled electronic states can deviate from standard classifications of interacting *** finding opens up possibilities for materials design in a subtle Mott-critical *** Hidden-Mott physics,correlation-induced semimetallicity,or Dirac/flat-band dispersions in a Mott background are emerging *** with achievements in the experimental preparation,this inaugurates an exciting research field in the arena of correlated materials.

关键词： materials metallic showing

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Magnesium research in Canada:Highlights of the last two decades

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第10期11卷 3484-3510页

作者： frank Czerwinski Natural Resources Canada CanmetMATERIALSHamiltonONCanada

The highlights of major Canadian research projects of last two decades that aimed at advancing applications of magnesium and its alloys,being at the heart of lightweighting and ecological sustainability, are outlined. The research at universities, government laboratories, and other dedicated institutions, funded primarily through federal programs, was accompanied by strong activities of the industrial sector involved in designing and building the machinery for magnesium processing and production of components from magnesium alloys. The overall research directions matched the global trends of overcoming the key challenges that prevent magnesium alloys to play the major role in large-scale applications. Among industrially oriented projects the processing technologies in liquid, semisolid and solid states such as casting, twin roll casting, injection molding, rolling, extrusion, forging, and joining techniques were frequently pursued. Although the fundamental research aimed at understanding of a variety of magnesium behaviors and structural peculiarities up to nano and atomic levels, its essence spread around the inherently poor formability and high reactivity at room and elevated temperatures, including the ignition/flammability *** recent years, a shift in research interests was observed and novel directions emerged such as magnesium air batteries, biodegradable alloys, additive manufacturing, and magnesium-rich high entropy alloys. The volume of data gathered in this report may constitute a base for specifically oriented assessments, analyses, and drawing conclusions.

关键词： Magnesium Magnesium alloys Processing technologies Canadian research projects

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Ultra-broadband access enabled by fiber optics(Invited Paper)

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Chinese Optics Letters 2016年第12期14卷 17-20页

作者： frank Effenberger Futurewei Technologies Bridgewater NJ 08807 USA

The advent of low loss optical fiber has consistently led us to the ultra-broadband era, where bandwidths exceeding 1 Gb/s are commonplace. This Review reviews the early history of fiber access, pointing out some of the lasting design choices and signature features of fiber access. The progress of the various passive optical network technologies is also reviewed, and some views regarding the future trends of fiber in the access.

关键词： broadband consistently optics pointing signature lasting exceeding deployment bandwidth enabled

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Asymptotics and Blow-up for Mass Critical Nonlinear Dispersive Equations(Dedicated to Professor Ham Brezis on the occasion of his 70th birthday)

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2017年第2期38卷 579-590页

作者： frank MERLE Universitéde Cergy-pontoise MathématiquesCNRSCNRSF-95000 Cergy-PontoiseFrance Institut des HautesEtudes Scientifiques 35 Route de Chartres91440 Bures-sur-YvetteFrance

The author considers mass critical nonlinear Schrdinger and Korteweg-de Vries equations. A review on results related to the blow-up of solution of these equations is given.

关键词： Dispersive nonlinear PDE, Criticality, Asymptotics, Blow-up, Globalsolution, Soliton

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Constructing parametric triangular patches with boundary conditions

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2008年第3期18卷 315-322页

作者： frank Cheng Department of Computer Science University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40506 USA

The problem of constructing a parametric triangular patch to smoothly connect three surface patches is studied. Usually, these surface patches are defined on different parameter spaces. Therefore, it is necessary to define interpolation conditions, with values from the given surface patches, on the boundary of the triangular patch that can ensure smooth transition between different parameter spaces. In this paper we present a new method to define boundary conditions. Boundary conditions defined by the new method have the same param- eter space if the three given surface patches can be converted into the same form through affine transformation. Consequently, any of the classic methods for constructing functional triangular patches can be used directly to construct a parametric triangular patch to connect given surface patches with G1 continuity. The resulting parametric triangular patch preserves precision of the applied classic method.

关键词： Triangular patch Parametric interpolation Determination of interpolation conditions

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Poly(ethylene glycol) conjugated nano-graphene oxide for photodynamic therapy

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Science China Chemistry 2010年第11期53卷 2265-2271页

作者： Pilger frank Institute for Advanced Materials and Nano Biomedicine(iNANO) Tongji University

A novel methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol) modified nano-graphene oxide(NGO-mPEG) was designed and synthesized as a photosensitizer(PS) carrier for photodynamic therapy of *** with a size below 200 nm was prepared using a modified Hummers' *** was observed by AFM to exhibit a structure with single-layer graphene oxide sheets down to a few nanometers in *** mPEG conjugation of NGO(NGO-mPEG) was found to enhance solubility in cell culture *** apparent cytotoxicity of the NGO-mPEG was observed towards MCF-7 carcinoma cell *** phthalocyanine(ZnPc),a photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy,was loaded in the NGO-PEG through π-π stacking and hydrophobic interactions,with the drug loading efficiency up to 14 wt%.Hydrophobic ZnPc was internalized in MCF-7 cells,exhibiting a pronounced phototoxicity in the cells under Xe light *** results indicate a great potential of NGO-mPEG for photodynamic therapy of cancer.

关键词： nano-graphene oxide photodynamic therapy photosensitizer drug delivery biomedical application

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