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Bioactive lipids in cancer stem cells

World Journal of Stem Cells 2019年第9期11卷 693-704页

作者： Romana-Rea Begicevic frank arfuso Marco Falasca Metabolic Signalling Group School of Pharmacy and Biomedical SciencesCurtin Health Innovation Research InstituteCurtin UniversityPerthWA 6102Australia Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory School of Pharmacy and Biomedical SciencesCurtin Health Innovation Research InstituteCurtin UniversityPerthWA 6102Australia

Tumours are known to be a heterogeneous group of cells,which is why they are difficult to eradicate.One possible cause for this is the existence of slow-cycling cancer stem cells(CSCs)endowed with stem cell-like properties of self-renewal,which are responsible for resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy.In recent years,the role of lipid metabolism has garnered increasing attention in cancer.Specifically,the key roles of enzymes such as stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 and 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase in CSCs,have gained particular interest.However,despite accumulating evidence on the role of proteins in controlling lipid metabolism,very little is known about the specific role played by lipid products in CSCs.This review highlights recent findings on the role of lipid metabolism in CSCs,focusing on the specific mechanism by which bioactive lipids regulate the fate of CSCs and their involvement in signal transduction pathways.

关键词： Cancer stem cells Lipid metabolism Bioactive lipids ABC transporters

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Targeting the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in gastric carcinoma: A reality for personalized medicine?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第43期21卷 12261-12273页

作者： Shikha Satendra Singh Wei Ney Yap frank arfuso Shreya Kar Chao Wang Wanpei Cai Arunasalam M Dharmarajan Gautam Sethi Alan Prem Kumar Cancer Science Institute of Singapore National University of Singapore Department of Pharmacology Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of Singapore Davos Life Science Pte Ltd School of Biomedical Sciences Curtin Health Innovation Research InstituteCurtin University National University Cancer Institute Department of Biological Sciences University of North Texas

Frequent activation of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinases(PI3K)/Akt/m TOR signaling pathway in gastric cancer(GC) is gaining immense popularity with identification of mutations and/or amplifications of PIK3 CA gene or loss of function of PTEN,a tumor suppressor protein,to name a few; both playing a crucial role in regulating this pathway. These aberrations result in dysregulation of this pathway eventually leading to gastric oncogenesis,hence,there is a need for targeted therapy for more effective anticancer treatment. Several inhibitors are currently in either preclinical or clinical stages for treatment of solid tumors like GC. With so many inhibitors under development,further studies on predictive biomarkers are needed to measure the specificity of any therapeutic intervention. Herein,we review the common dysregulation of PI3K/Akt/m TOR pathway in GC and the various types of single or dual pathway inhibitors under development that might have a superior role in GC treatment. We also summarize the recent developments in identification of predictive biomarkers and propose use of predictive biomarkers to facilitate more personalized cancer therapy with effective PI3K/Akt/m TOR pathway inhibition.

关键词： Epidemiology Gastric cancer PI3K/Akt/ m TOR pathwa

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