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Insect Science 2017年第2期24卷 210-221页

作者： Nicolas Durand Thomas Chertemps francoise bozzolan Martine Maibeche Sorbonne Universites UPMC - Univ Paris 06 Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de 'Environnement de Paris INRA CNRS IRD UPECD6partement d'Ecologie Sensorielle F-75252 Paris France

Carboxylesterases are enzymes widely distributed within living organisms. In insects, they have been mainly involved in dietary metabolism and detoxification function. Interestingly, several members of this family called carboxylesterase-like ad- hesion molecules （CLAMs） have lost their catalytic properties and are mainly involved in neuro/developmental functions. CLAMs include gliotactins, neurotactins, glutactins, and neuroligins. The latter have for binding partner the neurexin. In insects, the function of these proteins has been mainly studied in Drosophila central nervous system or neuro- muscular junction. Some studies suggested a role of neuroligins and neurexin in sensory processing but CLAM expression within sensory systems has not been investigated. Here, we reported the identification of 5 putative CLAMs expressed in the olfactory system of the model pest insect Spodoptera littoralis. One neuroligin, Slnlg4-yll and its putative binding partner neurexin Slnrxl were the most expressed in the antennae and were surprisingly associated with olfactory sensilla. In addition, both transcripts were upregulated in male antennae after mating, known to modulate the sensitivity of the peripheral olfactory system in S. littoralis, suggesting that these molecules could be involved in sensory plasticity.

关键词： carboxylesterase-like adhesion molecules insect neurexin neuroligins olfaction

Functional trait composition of carabid beetle communities predicts prey suppression through both mass ratio and niche complementarity mechanisms

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Insect Science 2024年第2期31卷 562-574页

作者： Abdelhak Rouabah francoise Lasserre-Joulin Sylvain Plantureux Simon Taugourdeau Bernard Amiaud Universite de Loraine INRAELAENancyF-54000France UMR SELMET CIRADINRAEInstitut AgroUniversite de MontpellierMontpellier34000France CIRAD UMR SELMET-PPZSDakarSéenegal UMR Siva Universitéde LorraineAgroParisTechINRAEVandoeuvreLes Nancy54506France

Several components of predator functional diversity have been hypothesized to influence prey suppression through either niche complementarity or mass ratio effects.Nevertheless,most studies have used a functional group approach when assessing the role of these predators in ecosystem functioning.By adopting a trait-based approach,we evaluated the relative contributions of carabid diversity components in predicting prey suppression.Our results highlight the importance of both taxonomic and functional diversity components of carabids as key drivers of prey suppression.Prey suppression was best predicted by carabid densities,with the dominance of Poecilus cupreus potentially driving the positive effect of community total abundance through the mass ratio effect.Prey suppression increased with increasing the density of large carabids.In addition,carabid eye diameter and antennal length were key functional traits for predicting prey suppression.Furthermore,prey suppression increased with increasing carabid functional richness following the niche complementarity effect.In contrast to functional richness,functional evenness and functional divergence of carabid communities were weakly correlated with prey suppression.By identifying which diversity components of carabid communities contribute the most to increase prey suppression,our results can guide efforts aiming to predict the relationship between diversity of these predators and ecosystem functioning.

关键词： abundance distribution biological control body size ecosystem function functional richness predator-prey interactions

Diabetes and Hypertension Are Associated with Food Insecurity in a Cameroonian Population: A Case-Control Study

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第2期12卷 1-21页

作者： Boris Ronald Tonou Tchuente Pauline Vervaine Hagbe Hippolyte Tene Mouafo Janvier Aime Fotso Youovop Ousmane Mfopou Mbiondi Javeres Leonel Ntepe Mbah Roussel Guy Nguemto Takuissu Raissa francoise Ntentie Boris Gabin Kingue Azantsa Judith Laure Ngondi Julius Oben Enyong Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Sciences University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon Centre for Food Food Security and Nutrition Research Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies Yaounde Cameroon Department of Biosciences COMSATS University Islamabad Islamabad Pakistan Laboratory of Human Metabolism and Non-Communicable Disease Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies Yaounde Cameroon Higher Teacher’s and Training College University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon Center of Nutrition and Functional Foods Yaounde Cameroon

Diabetes and hypertension are the most prevalent cardiovascular risk factors. Recent studies showed an increase in the prevalence of food insecurity in our country. The aim of this study was to assess how food insecurity affects the dietary habits, socio-demographic characteristics and metabolic profile of individuals with diabetes or hypertension. This case-control study was conducted among diabetic and hypertensive participants (cases) and diabetic and hypertensive normal (controls) during the screening campaigns for nutrition-related chronic diseases. The sociodemographic, clinical and biochemical parameters of the participants were analyzed. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with diabetes and hypertension in the study population. Bivariate analyses showed that male gender (OR = 1.972;95% CI: 1.250 - 3.089), regular alcohol consumption (OR = 2.012;95% CI: 1.294 - 3.130), low fruit consumption (OR = 1.590;95% CI: 1.016 - 2.488), low dietary diversity (OR = 2.915;95% CI: 1.658 - 5.127) and abdominal obesity (OR = 1.893, CI 95% 1.203 - 2.978) were significantly associated with hypertension. In addition, low fruit consumption (OR = 1.829;95% CI 1.092 - 3.064), low legume consumption (OR = 3.515;95% CI 1.861 - 6.635), and hypertriglyceridaemia (OR = 2.241, 95% CI 1.139 - 4.408) were significantly associated with diabetes. The indirect association observed between food insecurity and diabetes and hypertension suggests the need for nutritional policies aimed at popularizing the production and consumption of fruits and legumes. Similarly, health services need to be aware and informed of the important role that food insecurity can play in the development of diabetes and hypertension.

关键词： Food Insecurity Diabetes Hypertension Cameroon

Landscape effects on the thermotolerance of carabid beetles and the role of behavioral thermoregulation

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Insect Science 2023年第1期30卷 251-263页

作者： Luck Alford Sacha Roudine Jean-Sébastien Pierre francoise Burel Joan van Baaren UMR 6553 ECOBIO Universitede Rennes 1Rennes CedexFrance School of Biological Sciences Universityof BristolBristolUK

Physiological thermotolerance and behavioral thermoregulation are central to seasonal cold adaptation in ectothermic organisms.For species with enhanced mobility,behavioral responses may be of greater importance in the cold stress response.Employing the carabid beetles as a study organism,the current study compared physiological thermotolerance and behavioral thermoregulation in carabid species inhabiting cereal fields in different landscape contexts,from fine grain heterogeneous“complex”landscapes to homogenous“simple”landscapes.Physiological thermotolerance was determined via measurement of the CTmin and chill coma temperature.Behavioral responses to cold temperature exposure were determined employing a purpose built arena,and thoracic temperature measured to estimate the efficacy of the behavior as a form of behavioral thermoregulation.Results revealed an influence of landscape composition on the cold tolerance of carabid beetles,although species differed in their sensitivity to landscape intensification.A reduced effect of landscape on the thermotolerance of larger carabid beetles was observed,thought to be the consequence of greater mobility preventing local acclimation to microclimatic variation along the landscape intensification gradient.Investigation into behavioral thermoregulation of the 3 largest species revealed burrowing behavior to be the main behavioral response to cold stress,acting to significantly raise carabid body temperature.This finding highlights the importance of behavioral thermoregulation as a strategy to evade cold stress.The use of behavioral thermoregulation may negate the need to invest in physiological thermotolerance,further offering explanation for the lack of landscape effect on the physiological thermotolerance of larger carabids.

关键词： agroecosystems local adaptation physiological thermal tolerance plasticity winter resistance

Impact of OCT scan-patterns in identifying morphological features of lamellar macular holes and macular pseudoholes

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第7期15卷 1089-1094页

作者： Osman Murat Uyar Jonas Neubauer francoise Sadler Eva-Maria Konrad Faik Gelisken Department of Ophthalmology Ulus Liv HospitalIstanbul 34340Turkey Department of Ophthalmology Eberhard-Karls UniversityTuebingen 72076Germany

AIM:To evaluate the impact of the optical coherence tomography(OCT)scan patterns on the detection of the features associated with lamellar macular hole(LMH)and macular pseudohole(MPH).METHODS:This is a retrospective analysis of 100 consecutive eyes with LMH(n=41)and MPH(n=59)having at least three of the following OCT features,which include mandatory criteria for the diagnosis of LMH and MPH:Epiretinal membrane,epiretinal proliferation,verticalization,intraretinal cystoid spaces,foveoschisis,irregular foveal contour,foveal cavity with undermined edges,and ellipsoid line disruption.Primary outcome measurement was the detection frequency of the features in three different OCT scan patterns:1)volume scan;2)six radial scans(R6);and 3)vertical and horizontal radial scans(R2).RESULTS:Of the total eight features,the maximal detection frequency was found as 4.45±1.45,4.35±1.47,and 3.70±1.59,by the volume,R6 and R2,respectively.R2 was inferior to the other patterns in detection of the total features(P<0.001),whereas R6 and volume patterns were found comparable(P=0.312).CONCLUSION:The physician should be aware that the selection of the OCT-scan pattern may influence the detection of mandatory morphological criteria for the diagnosis of LMH and MPH.

关键词： diagnosis epiretinal membrane lamellar macular hole macular pseudohole optical coherence tomography

Biological evidence of cancer stem-like cells and recurrent disease in osteosarcoma

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2022年第1期5卷 184-198页

作者： Camille Jubelin Javier Munoz-Garcia Denis Cochonneau Emilie Moranton Marie-francoise Heymann Dominique Heymann CNRS US2BUMR 6286Nantes UniversiteBiological Sciences and Biotechnologies unitNantes 44000France Institut de Cancerologie de l’Ouest “Tumor Heterogeneity and Precision Medicine”LaboratorySaint-Herblain 44805France Atlantic Bone Screen Saint-Herblain 44800France Department of Oncology and Metabolism University of SheffieldMedical SchoolSheffield S102RXUK

Sarcomas are a large family of cancers originating in the mesenchyme.Composed of more than 100 histological subtypes,soft tissue and bone sarcomas remain clinically challenging,particularly in children and adolescents in whom sarcomas are the second most common malignant entities.Osteosarcoma is the main primary bone tumor in adolescents and young adults and is characterized by a high propensity to induce distant metastatic foci and become multi-drug resistant.The innate and acquired resistance of osteosarcoma can be explained by high histological heterogeneity and genetic/molecular diversity.In the last decade,the notion of cancer stem-like cells(CSCs)has emerged.This subset of cancer cells has been linked to drug resistance properties,recurrence of the disease,and therapeutic failure.Although CSCs remain controversial,many elements are in favor of them playing a role in the development of the drug resistance profile.The present review gives a brief overview of the most recent biological evidence of the presence of CSCs in osteosarcomas and their role in the drug resistance profile of these rare oncological entities.Their use as promising therapeutic targets is discussed.

关键词： Cancer stem cells bone sarcoma soft tissue sarcoma drug resistance tumor microenvironment recurrent disease residual disease

Isolated micropenis reveals partial androgen insensitivity syndrome confirmed by molecular analysis

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2010年第4期12卷 561-566页

作者： Amrit Bhangoo francoise Paris Pascal Philibert francoise Audran Svetlana Ten Charles Sultan Pediatric Endocrinology Division of Maimonides Infants and Children＇s Hospital of Brooklyn Children＇s Hospital at SUNY Downstate Brooklyn NY 11219 USA Endocrme Service Hopital Lapeyronie Central University Hospital of Montpellier 34295 Montpellier cedex 5 France

Partial androgen insensitivity syndrome （PAIS） is the milder variant of androgen receptor （AR） defects. The subtle effects of AR mutations present in a patient with micropenis, peno-scrotal hypospadias, infertility, clitoromegaly and posterior labial fusion. We studied the association of isolated micropenis with the genetic defects resulting in androgen resistance, that is, AR gene defects and 5-α reductase type 2 （SRD5A2） deficiency. We describe two cases of isolated micropenis： one in a 14-year-old boy and the other in a 3-year-old boy who was followed until he was 10 years old. There were no findings of hypospadias, cryptorchidism or gynecomastia in either of these patients. Serum gonadotrophin and androgen levels were obtained and karyotyping was done. Human chorionic gonadotropin （hCG） stimulation testing assessed the functional capacity of the testes. DNA was extracted from peripheral leukocytes, and all exons of the SRD5A2 and AR genes were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and sequenced. In both patients, baseline testosterone （T） level was low and the values were elevated after hCG testing. The sequence of the SRD5A2 gene was normal in patient 1, and a heterozygous polymorphism, V89L, was found in patient 2. Two known mutations, P390S and A870V, were identified in patients 1 and 2, respectively. Mutations in the AR gene can be associated with isolated micropenis without other features of PAIS, such as hypospadias or gynecomastia. This underlines the importance of including AR gene analysis in the evaluation of isolated micropenis with normal plasma T to ensure proper management of the patient and appropriate genetic counseling for the family.

关键词： androgen receptor gynecomastia isolated micropenis male infertility

PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PVA COATED MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2000年第6期18卷 535-539页

作者： francoise Winnik 邱星屏 Department of Chemistry McMaster University. Hamilton ON. Canada L8S 4M1 Department of Materials Science Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China

Polyvinyl alcohol coated magnetic particles (PVA ferrofluids) have been synthesized by chemical co-precipitation of Fe(II)/Fe(III) salts in 1.5 mol/L NH4OH solution at 70 degreesC in the presence of PVA. The resultant colloidal particles have core-shell structures, in which the iron oxide crystallites form the cores and PVA chains form the shells. The hydrodynamic diameter of the colloidal particles is in the range of 108 to 155 nm, which increases with increasing PVA concentration from 5 wt% to 20 wt%, The size of the magnetic cores is ca. 5-10 nm, which is relatively independent of PVA concentration. Under transmission electron microscopic (TEM) examination, the magnetic cores exhibit somewhat irregular shapes varying from spherical, oval, to cubic. Magnetometry measurement revealed that the PVA coated magnetic particles are superparamagnetic. The saturation magnetization of 5 wt% and 20 wt% PVA ferrofluids at 300 K is 54 and 49 emu/g, respectively. All the PVA ferrofluids exhibited excellent colloidal stability in pure water and phosphate buffer saline (PBS, pH = 7.4). The ferrofluids can remain stable in above solutions for more than three months at 4 degreesC.

关键词： magnetic nanoparticles polyvinyl alcohol ferrofluids core-shell structure

Variation of Transition Characteristics in a Wall Jet

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Journal of Thermal Science 2003年第2期12卷 167-170页

作者： Marie-francoise Scibilia Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ParisFrance

The characteristics of a laminar wall jet submitted to different configurations have been experimentally explored in order to obtain a better knowledge of transition modifications,In fact different parameters can accelerate or delay the transition using a smooth or rough surface,heated or not,submitted to vibrations or not .In this study,significant effects can be noticed.It has been possible to measure the beginning of growth rates of disturbance amplitude using a wind tunnel and comparing the results with the linear stability theory.

关键词：壁式喷流转换声振动传热湍流粗糙紊流流体力学

Experimental Study of Aerodynamic Behavior in Wind Tunnels with Ornithopter and Plane Models

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Journal of Thermal Science 2006年第1期15卷 54-58页

作者： Marie-francoise SCIBILIA Jan WOJCIECHOWSKI Centre National de la Recherche Scientiflque France. Institute of Aeronautics and Applied Mechanics Warsaw University of Technology Poland.

飞机和鸟有类似。事实上气体动力学底是一样。以便做一些比较，这份报纸论述实验的二个系列：在与为有 flapping 翅膀的空气动力学的力量的大小的一个 ornithopter 模型一起的一条风隧道的。翅膀运动在模型的纵的轴附近有自由 flapping... 详细信息

飞机和鸟有类似。事实上气体动力学底是一样。以便做一些比较，这份报纸论述实验的二个系列：在与为有 flapping 翅膀的空气动力学的力量的大小的一个 ornithopter 模型一起的一条风隧道的。翅膀运动在模型的纵的轴附近有自由 flapping 的二度并且在翅膀轴附近羽饰。空气动力学的力量的大小：在在运动并且在动态情况中的许多周期期间平均价值的静态的情况中上升并且拖被执行了。纸的另外的部分有或没有不平的表面在一条风隧道在一口金属飞机墙喷气上使速度和骚乱大小担心，有或没有声学的颤动以便模仿一个飞机翅膀。空气动力学的特征在所有情况中被获得了。关键词风隧道 - 气体动力学特征 - ornithopter 模型 - 飞机墙喷气 CLC 数字 V211.

关键词：风洞空气动力学扑翼飞机模型机翼