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Antioxidant and antiglycation properties of two mango(Mangifera indica L.) cultivars from Senegal

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2018年第3期8卷 137-141页

作者： Samba Fama Ndoye Didier Fraisse Blandine Akendengue Mbaye Diaw Dioum Rokhaya Sylla Gueye Cheikh Sall Insa Seck Catherine Felgines Matar Seck francois senejoux Laboratory of Organic and Therapeutic Chemistry Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Odontology Cheikh Anta Diop University Universite Clermont Auvergne INRAUNH Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (USS) Laboratory of Chemistry Training and Research Unit of Health Thies University

Objective: To evaluate the total phenolic contents, antioxidant and antiglycation activities of leaves, barks, roots and kernels from two cultivars of Mangifera indica(Anacardiaceae). Methods: Total phenolic contents were determined by using Folin-Ciocalteu's method. The antioxidant activities were assessed by three different protocols including DPPH, oxygen radical absorbance capacity and iron(Ⅱ) chelation assays. In addition, in vitro bovine serum albumin/D-ribose assay was chosen to evaluate the antiglycation properties of the extracts. Results: All the investigated extracts were found to contain high level of total phenols as well as potent antioxidant activities. Kernel extracts showed the highest total phenol contents and DPPH radical scavenging activities whereas higher oxygen radical absorbance capacity values were observed for leave, root and bark extracts. Besides, extracts from leaves, roots and barks from both cultivars exhibited potent inhibitory effects against the formation of advanced glycation end products, with IC_(50) values lower than the standard positive control aminoguanidine. Conclusions: The potent antiglycation and antioxidative activities of these two Mangifera indica cultivars suggest a possible role in targeting aging, diabetic complications and oxidative stress related diseases.

关键词： Mangifera indica Cultivars Polyphenols Antioxidant Antiglycation

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Characterisation of the granular dynamics at the interface between a pipe and a granular flow in a rotating drum

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Particuology 2024年第3期86卷 117-125页

作者： francois Rioual Paule Emmanuelle Eva Gbehe Research Unit FRISE National Research Institute for Agriculture Food and the Environment1 Rue Pierre Gilles De Gennes92160AntonyFrance

A new mobile bed heat exchanger is presented in this work which is composed of a flowing granular material in a rotating drum and a cylindrical pipe with potential interest in different energy applications as cooling,heating or heat recovery processes.An optimal design of the device requires a characterisation of the phenomena involved at the interface between the granular flow and the pipe.The process is modelled by the discrete element method and a global classification of the flow patterns around the pipe is presented with respect to the three main control parameters of the problem:the Froude number,the diameter ratio and the relative filling height of the drum.The second part is devoted to the characterisation of the structure of the flow at the interface(velocity field,density field)in particular in a so-called Biflow regime where granular motion occurs above as well as below the pipe which is favourable to transfer by convection.A typical behavior at the interface with the pipe consists of a zone I with high velocities of particles at the top of the pipe,a second zone with quasistatic particles or low velocity particles at the front and at the bottom of the pipe and a last zone ll of depletion of particles at the back of the pipe.The Froude number has a limited effect on the features of this structure on the first layer in the range of Froude numbers considered whereas the relative height is a more determinant parameter to control the relative magnitude of velocities in zone I and zone Il as well as the extent of the depletion zone.This first hydrodynamical characterisation can shed light on the dynamical regimes with improved transfer between the particles and the pipe boundary.

关键词： Granular flow Transfer Heat exchange Mobile bed Boundary condition

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Incidental and secondary findings in trio exome sequencing

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第4期11卷 152-154页

作者： Camille Cohen Emeline Bellanger Jeremie Mortreux Laure Raymond francois Vialard Rodolphe Dard Department of Genetics Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Poissy-Saint-Germain-en-LayePoissy 78300France RHuMA UMR-BREEDINRA-ENVA-UVSQMontigny le Bretonneux 78180France Service de Genetique Laboratoire Eurofins BiomnisLyon 69007France

Exome sequencing(ES)generates secondary findings(SFs)in 2%of tested individuals if one follows the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics(ACMG)guide-lines.i,z2 However,the rate of incidental and secondary findings(ISFs)is higher in routine clinical practice because of(i)the use of trio ES instead of solo sequencing and(i)the exclusion of the incidental findings(IFs)of medical value concerning genes in the ACMG list.Hence,it is not clear how sufficient is a restricted list of genes to detect every ISF of major clinical value;and what is the amount of additional workload for the laboratory.

关键词： routine clinical finding

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Design and Experimental Testing of a Moving Coil Actuator with Compensation Coil

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第2期10卷 707-716页

作者： Boyuan Yin Xianwu Zeng John Frederick Eastham Emelie Nilsson Jean-francois Rouquette Jean Rivenc Ludovic Ybanez Xiaoze Pei Department of Electronics&Electrical Engineering University of BathBathBA27AYUnited Kingdom Airbus UpNext BlangnacFrance Airbus CRT BlangnacFrance Department of Mechanical Engineering University of BathBathBA27AYUnited Kingdom

Hydrogen-powered electric aircraft have attracted significant interests aiming to achieve decarbonization targets.Onboard DC electric networks are facing great challenges in DC fault protection requirements.Vacuum interrupters are widely used in low voltage and medium voltage power systems due to being environmentally friendly with low maintenance.In this paper a moving coil actuator with compensation coils for a vacuum interrupter,as part of a hybrid direct current circuit breaker,is designed and experimentally tested.Compensation coils are used to improve operating speed compared with original moving coil actuator.Comparisons between four possible connections of compensation coils and original moving coil actuator are carried out.Experimental results show comparisons between different connections of actuator coils in terms of opening time and coil current with a range of pre-charged capacitor voltages.Dynamic performance of each actuator connection is also compared.The actuator with compensation coils is shown to have a higher current rising rate and achieve faster opening speed,which is a critical requirement for electric aircraft network protection.The parallel connection actuator achieves the highest opening speed within 3.5 ms with capacitor voltage of 50 V.

关键词： Circuit breaker compensation coil moving coil actuator vacuum interrupter

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From Control Theory to Gravitational Waves

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Advances in Pure Mathematics 2024年第2期14卷 49-100页

作者： Jean-francois Pommaret CERMICS Ecole des Ponts Paris Tech Paris France

When D:ξ→η is a linear ordinary differential (OD) or partial differential (PD) operator, a “direct problem” is to find the generating compatibility conditions (CC) in the form of an operator D1:η→ξ such that Dξ = η implies D1η = 0. When D is involutive, the procedure provides successive first-order involutive operators D1,...,Dn when the ground manifold has dimension n. Conversely, when D1 is given, a much more difficult “inverse problem” is to look for an operator D:ξ→η having the generating CC D1η = 0. If this is possible, that is when the differential module defined by D1 is “torsion-free”, that is when there does not exist any observable quantity which is a sum of derivatives of η that could be a solution of an autonomous OD or PD equation for itself, one shall say that the operator D1 is parametrized by D. The parametrization is said to be “minimum” if the differential module defined by D does not contain a free differential submodule. The systematic use of the adjoint of a differential operator provides a constructive test with five steps using double differential duality. We prove and illustrate through many explicit examples the fact that a control system is controllable if and only if it can be parametrized. Accordingly, the controllability of any OD or PD control system is a “built in” property not depending on the choice of the input and output variables among the system variables. In the OD case and when D1 is formally surjective, controllability just amounts to the formal injectivity of ad(D1), even in the variable coefficients case, a result still not acknowledged by the control community. Among other applications, the parametrization of the Cauchy stress operator in arbitrary dimension n has attracted many famous scientists (G. B. Airy in 1863 for n = 2, J. C. Maxwell in 1870, E. Beltrami in 1892 for n = 3, and A. Einstein in 1915 for n = 4). We prove that all these works are already explic

关键词： Differential Operator Differential Sequence Killing Operator Riemann Operator Bianchi Operator Cauchy Operator Control Theory Controllability Elasticity General Relativity

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揭示下一代高通量测序在传染病诊断中的潜力:挑战与前景

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Science Bulletin 2024年第11期69卷 1586-1589页

作者：陈宏斌詹明华刘思 francois Balloux 王辉 Department of Clinical Laboratory Peking University People’s HospitalBeijing 100044China UCL Genetics Institute University College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUK

Pathogen identification for infectious disease diagnosis is crucial and can be achieved through direct isolation of microbes or indirect detection based on the host immune system. Clinical metagenomic next-generation sequencing(mNGS) is an emerging technology that comprehensively analyzes genetic material(DNA and RNA) from both microbes and the host. It does not rely on prior knowledge of a pathogen's genome. This article reviews the clinical utility of mNGS in diagnosing infectious diseases and current technical difficulties.

关键词：传染病诊断 diagnosis Clinical

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Geochemical fingerprints and hydrocarbon potential of Paleocene mudrocks in the Tano Basin, Ghana: insights from biomarkers and stable carbon isotopes

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第2期43卷 255-279页

作者： Kojo Amoako Nancy Pearl Osei-Boakye Ningning Zhong N’Guessan francois De Sales Konan Gordon Foli Prince Opoku Appau Clifford Fenyi Ebenezer Apesegah Research Group for Marine Geochemistry(ICBM-MPI Bridging Group) Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment(ICBM)Carl von Ossietzky University OldenburgAmmerlander Heerstr.26129 OldenburgGermany State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting College of GeosciencesChina University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China Department of Geological Engineering Faculty of Civil and Geo-EngineeringKwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana Ghana National Gas Company 225 Osibisa CloseAirport WestAccraGhana Petroleum Corporation GNPCPMBPetroleum HouseTemaGhana

The Paleocene mudrocks in Ghana’s Tano Basin have received limited attention despite ongoing efforts to explore hydrocarbon resources.A thorough geochemical analysis is imperative to assess these mudrocks’petroleum generation potential and formulate effective exploration strategies.In this study,a comprehensive geochemical analysis was carried out on ten Paleocene rock cuttings extracted from TP-1,a discovery well within the Tano Basin.Various analytical techniques,including total organic carbon(TOC)analysis,Rock–Eval pyrolysis,gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,and isotope ratio-mass spectrometry,were employed to elucidate their hydrocar-bon potential and organic facies.Theﬁndings in this study were subsequently compared to existing geochemical data on Paleocene source rocks in the South Atlantic marginal basins.The results indicated that the Paleocene samples have TOC content ranging from 0.68 to 2.93 wt%.The prevalent kerogen types identiﬁed in these samples were Type Ⅱ and Type Ⅲ.Molecular and isotope data suggest that the organic matter found in the Paleocene mudrocks can be traced back to land plants and lower aquatic organisms.These mudrocks were deposited in a transi-tional environment withﬂuctuating water salinity,charac-terized by sub-oxic redox conditions.Maturity indices,both bulk and molecular,indicated a spectrum of maturity levels within the Paleocene mudrocks,spanning from immature to marginally mature,with increasing maturity observed with greater depth.In comparison,the organic composition and depositional environments of Paleocene source rocks in the Tano Basin closely resemble those found in the Niger Delta Basin,Douala,and Kribi-Campo Basins,the Kwanza Formation in Angola,and certain Brazilian marginal basins.However,it is worth noting that Paleocene source rocks in some of the basins,such as the Niger Delta and Brazilian marginal basins,exhibit rela-tively higher thermal maturity levels compared to those observed in the current Paleocene samples from the Tano Basin.In conclusion,the compre

关键词： Paleocene source rocks Source input Depositional environment Thermal maturity Hydrocarbon potential Tano Basin West Africa

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A Taste of Success

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ChinAfrica 2024年第5期16卷 44-45页

作者： francois ESSOMBA Cameroon

Cooperation between China and Cameroon has reached extraordinary heights over the past two decades,which has deepened both the diplomatic and economic ties.This mutually beneficial partnership has made China the leading buyer of Cameroonian products,with a market share of 25.8 percent in 2021,and the leading supplier,with a market share of 17.5 percent in 2020,according to data from the National Institute of Statistics of Cameroon.

关键词： mutually market partnership

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Toward a Malaria-Free Future

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Beijing Review 2024年第23期67卷 30-31页

作者： francois Essomba ChinAfrica magazine

Malaria is a potentially fatal disease transmitted by certain species of mosquitoes.According to the World Health Organization(WHO),globally in 2022,there were an estimated 249 million malaria cases and 608,000 malaria deaths in 85 countries.Africa was the location of 94 percent of malaria cases and 95 percent of malaria deaths,with children under 5 there accounting for about 80 percent of all malaria deaths.

关键词： Malaria malaria cases

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Application of near-infrared spectroscopy for fast germplasm analysis and classification in multi-environment using intact-seed peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)

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Oil Crop Science 2024年第2期9卷 132-141页

作者： Fentanesh Chekole Kassie Gilles Chaix Hermine Bille Ngalle Maguette Seye Coura Fall Hodo-Abalo Tossim Aissatou Sambou Olivier Gibert Fabrice Davrieux Joseph Martin Bell Jean-francois Rami Daniel Fonceka Joel Romaric Nguepjop Department of Plant Biology and Physiology Faculty of SciencesUniversity of Yaounde IYaoundeP.O.Box 337Cameroon Department of Plant Science College of AgricultureWolaita Sodo UniversitySodoP.O.Box 138Ethiopia CIRAD UMR AGAP InstitutMontpellierFrance AGAP Institut Univ MontpellierCIRADINRAEInstitut AgroMontpellierFrance ChemHouse Research Group MontpellierFrance Centre D’Etudes Regional Pour L’Amelioration de L’Adaptation a La Secheresse(CERAAS/ISRA) Route de KhomboleThiesBP 3320Senegal Dispositif de Recherche et de Formation en Partenariat Innovation et Amelioration Varietale en Afrique de L’Ouest(IAVAO)CERAASRoute de KhomboleThiesBP 3320Senegal CIRAD UMR QUALISUDSaint PierreFrance

Peanut is a worldwide oilseed crop and the need to assess germplasm in a non-destructive manner is important for seed nutritional breeding.In this study,Near Infrared Spectroscopy(NIRS)was applied to rapidly assess germplasm variability from whole seed of 699 samples,field-collected and assembled in four genetic and environmentbased sets:one set of 300 varieties of a core-collection and three sets of 133 genotypes of an interspecific population,evaluated in three environments in a large spatial scale of two countries,Mbalmayo and Bafia in Cameroon and Nioro in Senegal,under rainfed conditions.NIR elemental spectra were gathered on six subsets of seeds of each sample,after three rotation scans,with a spectral resolution of 16 cm-1over the spectral range of867 nm to 2530 nm.Spectra were then processed by principal component analysis(PCA)coupled with Partial least squares-discriminant analysis(PLS-DA).As results,a huge variability was found between varieties and genotypes for all NIR wavelength within and between environments.The magnitude of genetic variation was particularly observed at 11 relevant wavelengths such as 1723 nm,usually related to oil content and fatty acid composition.PCA yielded the most chemical attributes in three significant PCs(i.e.,eigenvalues>10),which together captured 93%of the total variation,revealing genetic and environment structure of varieties and genotypes into four clusters,corresponding to the four samples sets.The pattern of genetic variability of the interspecific population covers,remarkably half of spectrum of the core-collection,turning out to be the largest.Interestingly,a PLS-DA model was developed and a strong accuracy of 99.6%was achieved for the four sets,aiming to classify each seed sample according to environment origin.The confusion matrix achieved for the two sets of Bafia and Nioro showed 100%of instances classified correctly with 100%at both sensitivity and specificity,confirming that their seed quality was different from each other and all other samples.Overall,NIR

关键词： Groundnut Oilseed Near infrared spectroscopy Germplasm analysis Environment Nutritional Breeding

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